轻骑qm150l-4b(轻骑qm1503j)

1. 轻骑qm150l-4b

音标是学习英语的第一步，想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标，这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前，我们要先知道国际音标有48个，元音有20个，辅音有28个，元音又分为单元音和双元音，单元音有12个，双元音有8个。

音标数目

在上表中，我们可以看到音标有48个，现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。

可以点击下面链接学习音标。

《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

元音部分

辅音部分

音标的分类

最实用的分类方式是：元音=长元音+短元音+双元音；辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。

英语一共有48个国际音标，包括20个元音，28个辅音。

20个元音包括5个长元音：/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/；

7个短元音：[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ]；

8个双元音：/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/；

注意：

1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满；短元音则发的音比较短而急；

2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起，成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长，后面的发音比较短。

28个辅音包括：轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/

浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/

鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/

半元音 /j/ /w/

边音 /ǀ/

发音技巧

长元音

点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标（长元音）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3》

5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。

（1）/i:/发音技巧：

发音时舌尖抵下齿，口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长，就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。

单词举例：bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂；see [siː] v. 看见，参看

（2）/ɜ:/发音技巧：

/ɜ:/是长元音，近似于北京腔的“儿”话音，如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音，关键在于卷舌！

单词举例：shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫；nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆

（3）/u:/发音技巧

发这个音时双唇用力向前突出，有点像拉长了音说“乌”，但要注意，“乌”的口形较扁。

单词举例：moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮；room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间

（4）/a:/发音技巧

发音时口张大，双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子，说“啊”，看看嘴巴张得够不够大，记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。

单词举例：ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问； far [fa:r] adj. 远的

（5）/ɔ:/发音技巧

发这个音时，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出，发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音，记住：长元音一定要拉长，发出来才好听。

单词举例：door [dɔ:r] n. 门； short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的

短元音

点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读？】-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E》

7个短元音：/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/

（1）/i/发音技巧

它是个短元音，发音要短促而轻快。

单词举例：big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的；Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于

（2）/ə/发音技巧

发音时舌身平放，双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。

单词举例：teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师； mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲

（3）/ɔ/ 发音技巧

这是一个短元音，发音一定要短，发音比/ɔ:/短一些，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出。

单词举例：dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙；hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的

（4）/u/ 发音技巧

发音时双唇收圆，稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”，但没发完就给打断了一样。

单词举例：book [bʊk] n. 书,卷；cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮

（5）/ʌ/ 发音技巧

发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。

单词举例：brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥，弟弟；mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲

（6）/e/发音技巧

发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”，同时发出声音。

单词举例：leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱； desk [desk] n. 书桌

（7）/æ/发音技巧

发音时，双唇向两边平伸，张开嘴，嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚，尽可能夸张。

单词举例：bad [bæd] ：adj. 坏的,不好的；cat [kæt] ：n. 猫，猫科动物

双元音

点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl》

8个双元音发音技巧：/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/

（1）/eɪ/发音技巧

该音是个双元音，发音时双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。

单词举例：say[sei] v.说；delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟 

（2）/aɪ/发音技巧

发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，接近于英文字母中的“I”。

单词举例：ice  [ais] n. 冰，雪糕；side [said] n. 面，边

（3）/ɔɪ/发音技巧

发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”。

单词举例：oil  [ɔil] n. 油，石油；noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音，嘈杂声

（4）/ɪə/发音技巧

发声时，由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中，接近于汉语发音“一呃”。

单词举例：fear   [fɪər] ：n. 害怕，可能性；dear   [dɪər] ：adj. 亲爱的

（5）/eə/发音技巧

接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。

单词举例：bear  [bɛə] ：n. 熊；wear  [wɛə] ：vt. 穿着

（6）/ʊə/发音技巧

第一个是“短乌音”/u/，第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。

单词举例：sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的，确实的；pure  [pjʊər] adj. 纯的； 单纯的

（7）/əʊ/发音技巧

舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。

单词举例： flow  [fləu] ：vi. 流；glow   [ɡləʊ] ：vi. 发光，灼热

（8）/aʊ/发音技巧

由第一个音向第二个音滑动，接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。

单词举例：cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛，乳牛；hour [aʊər] n. 小时，钟头

辅音

点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标（辅音部分），发音规则与技巧！美式发音，地道口语！清辅音，浊辅音！初级，零基础，欢迎新手！-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA》

11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/

11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/

注意：

清辅音：发音时送气，声带不颤动（颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了）

浊辅音：发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前，纸没有被吹开)，声带颤动。

（1）/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”，都省去韵母成分

发音方法：/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/p/：pen [pen] n.钢笔；pin [pin] n.大头针

/b/：bike [baik] n.自行车；beg [beg] v.乞求

（2）/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。

发音方法：/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num； test [test] n. 试验, 考验

/d/： student [ˈstudnt]  n.学生； date  [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期

（3）/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。

发音方法：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不要振动；/g/是浊辅音，声带需要振动。

单词举例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 风筝；cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕

/g/： glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套；girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩

（4）/f/ /v/

/f/谐音“府”，/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。

发音方法：发音前，上齿咬住下嘴唇，然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，从而引起摩擦。

/f/是清辅音，发音时声带不震动；/v/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。

单词举例：/f/：flower ['flaʊər] n. 花；fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行

/v/：love [lʌv] v. 爱；seven [ˈsevən] num. 七

(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音

发音方法：发音时，舌尖微微伸出，置于上下门齿之间，舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小，气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/ð/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。

单词举例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三； throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷

/ð/：this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个，这里； mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲

(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”，/z/“zi”

发音方法：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动；/z/是浊浦音，声带振动。

单词举例：/s/：school [sku:l] n. 学校，学院；bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车

/z/：please [pli:z] int.请；zoo [zu:] n.动物园

(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”

发音方法：舌端先贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，声带不振动，/dz/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/ts/：cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 )；hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 )

/dz/：hands [hændz] n.手；lands [lændz] n.陆地

(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”

发音方法：舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dr/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树，木料；try [traɪ] vt.& vi. 试图

/dr/：dress [dres] n.连衣裙；drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒

(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”

发音方法：/∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/ʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/∫/：English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的； 英国的；rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾；

/ʒ/：pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐，愉快；casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的，偶然的

（10）/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”

发音方法：发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/t∫/： chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔；chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子

/dʒ/：page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ；age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄

(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”，省去韵母成分。

发音方法：

发/h/这个音时，嘴半开，气流从口腔不受阻碍而出，声带不振动，清辅音。

发/r/这个音时，舌端上卷，靠近上齿龈附近，嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态，气流从口腔涌出，声带振动，属于浊辅音。

单词举例: /h/： hair [heə(r)] n.头发；hate [heɪt] v.恨，厌恶

/r/： sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ；write [raɪt] v.写

鼻音

点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【（21）鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx》

(1)/m/谐音“恩”

发音方法：双唇紧闭，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔发出，声带震动。闭口音。

单词举例：major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的；time [taɪm] n.时间

(2)/n/谐音“呢”

发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔发出，同时声带震动，开口音。

单词举例：nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的；funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的

(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”，省去声母部分

发音方法：发音时气流从鼻腔涌出，声带振动。

单词举例： think [θɪŋk] v.想；angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使

边音

点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F》

/l/谐音“里”

发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过，声带保持震动，属于浊辅音。

单词举例：light [laɪt] n.光线 ；ball [bɔ:l] n.球

半元音

点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音｜Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl》

/j/谐音“耶”

发音方法：发音时声带震动，气流口腔发出。浊辅音，发音口型类似/ i/.

单词举例：ye [jes] adv.是的；young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的

/w/谐音“屋”

发音方法：嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度，并向前微噘起，但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。

单词举例：wish [wɪʃ] ：v. 希望； which [wɪtʃ] ：pron. 哪一个

学习步骤

抄写

抄写音标，并了解音标特点。

对音标的基本认知

1、区别长短音带“：”的音标发音相对较长不带“：”的音标发音相对较短。

2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别：清辅音声带不震动，浊辅音声带振动。

模仿练习

找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范，美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3】》、《【李咏梅老师英语（音标部分）——最牛的初中英语老师！没有之一！李咏梅国际音标 （完整版发音篇）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程（完整版）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5》，以上几个视频都非常不错，详细讲解每个音标的读法。注意视频一定至少跟读5遍，才能确保你的学习效果。

也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。

《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

1、模仿练习，学习国际音标的发音，要注意观察老师的口型，观察发音部位的变化，主动模仿发音，初学可以对着镜子模仿练习，特别是元音发音的舌位高低，口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切，可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别，观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况，比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等，掌握准确口腔开口度，对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。

2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标，通过反反复复的听力练习，达到强化记忆。听音训练，如果有条件，可以多听老师朗读音标，也可以使用录音带反复听音，本课件中的每个音素，都可以循环倾听，强化记忆。

3、多动口，动口是加强实践的关键和核心，听音也好，模仿也好，比较也好，最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来，所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说，"三天不写手生，三天不念口生"，说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标，要时时加强语音训练，勤动口，反复实践练习，在实践中比较，在实践中体会差别，做到熟能生巧，这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。

重点音标讲解

单元音

[i:] =“一”

[ɪ]：[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大，注意比较两图口型。

[e] 嘴张45°，[æ]嘴张90°

[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”

[ə]=额（不卷舌）

[ʌ]：开口比“啊”略小

[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”

[ɑ] =“啊”

[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”

[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”

[u:]核心：双唇由半开微突，过渡到合嘴圆唇

[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。

双元音

双元音较简单，大多数可进行类比，注意双元音的重音在第一个音标，即前一个音读的稍重，后一个音读的较轻。

[eɪ]=“A”

[aɪ]=“I”

[əʊ]=“O”

[ɔɪ]=“哦一”

[ɪə]=ear

[eə]=air

[ʊə]=“乌尔”

辅音

大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处，直接看视频模仿即可，这里只讲解易错发音。

爆破音：

[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意：它们声带不震动

摩擦音：

[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齿咬下唇

[θ][ð]

上下齿轻咬舌头，发音时能看到你的舌头露出

[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”

[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音＋舌头平放的“喝”

鼻音

[m] 合嘴

[n] 舌前部抵住上颚

[ŋ] 嘴巴张开

舌侧音[l]

元音前：跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后：发“l”的前半段

半元音

[j] “也”

[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”

破擦音

[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”

[dʒ]= “居”

[ts]=不发声的“次”

[dz]=“子”

[tr] 先发“t”，在发“r”，最后结合在一起

[dr] 同上

词汇拼读

1、规划拼读任务，拿出单词书或课本词汇表，找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读，20个为一组，每天练习3组，当然如果有时间，多进行几组也OK，加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。

2、输入法识别词汇，每拼读一个词汇，都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读，看能否被输入法识别出单词，用机器来检测是否读的准确。

3、听词汇跟读，不管输入法识别出单词，还是没识别出单词，都要查手机字典，来听一遍听力，并跟读，模仿语调和轻重读音。

例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency

学习计划

1、国际音标，一共48个，每天学4个，12天学完，元音和辅音每天各学习两个。

2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词，每天坚持读一个小时，第二天要把第一天的一块儿读，第三天要把前两天的一块儿读，依次类推，坚持学完所有的音标，就可以读字典上任何一个单词。

3、长期坚持下去，会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联，比如ph都发音标f的音，字母u发尖a的音，类似的规律，当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多，同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来，直接就把背单词的问题解决了，音标会读，单词会读，单词会背，听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了，同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻，同时最重要的是用起来更容易。

注意事项

1、了解发音要领，模仿老师口型

学习语音，一定要注意口型，并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领，特别是相似音标的发音区别。

零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了，其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的， 所以需要老师正确的发音示范，跟着老师一起读，然后再加上老师给的一些技巧，继续跟读，老师感觉哪有问题，再帮着纠正，这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。

2、 单词拼读实战，一对一纠正错误

养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习，单词拼读实战训练，巩固你的发音。不断读，不断纠正，训练单个音标到训练多个单词，在学习语音的过程中，再掌握一些基础的词汇。

3、辩音练习，纠正错误，掌握发音规律

训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强，但还是训练相同的内容，一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音，将相似音放在一起对比再练习，舌头和耳朵在这很重要。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标是学习英语的第一步，想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标，这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前，我们要先知道国际音标有48个，元音有20个，辅音有28个，元音又分为单元音和双元音，单元音有12个，双元音有8个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X0ayd2WScoy4M6xsFVmcneA8n8f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标数目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGMMdqqKGoIkyGxmsOVcclDvnFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在上表中，我们可以看到音标有48个，现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AESAdWCuQoQUiuxmQkVcGNVXnbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以点击下面链接学习音标。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E20kdWCCso4ykCx45GjcqgWynqa"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AqckdkO2SoWKyoxQJlCcXjKcn4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsOsda4UyoA0yUx4xP6czKClnJg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":345,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a663fdb6f1284e47acca44c09060b0a2","width":694},"text":"","id":"AEKudCk2So0cmMxCAIeceBvxnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KisEdmSmgogIwoxC4ZMcG3QknLe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7467dcbf994549a5a6381df079b4301f","width":561},"text":"","id":"PAIEdU6suogWcexSCXRc664TnUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YouadwUQwosyeyxasemc2PIHnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最实用的分类方式是：元音=长元音+短元音+双元音；辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwWMdM0y4okSc6xUXz8cZOKMnWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"英语一共有48个国际音标，包括20个元音，28个辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEYEdomcAoIWSIx0gs6ctJvEnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"20个元音包括5个长元音：/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOEMdsCmEo8wmuxy9sgchI0Dncu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音：[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ]；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSgsdwwsWoc2i8xcLMycBbyfnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音：/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEqydSEaYoYgAExG0OJcpQCinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QgMudGYi4ooOcUxmocWcCoCEn1I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满；短元音则发的音比较短而急；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUm2dg0ayooas8xw7mKc1LHmnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起，成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长，后面的发音比较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L6kydWcCEosSoGx4YDdcStKNnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"28个辅音包括：轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKwdykA4ogsCMxghM8cwNI2ndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKwedeuCIoQOQOxsPGjcKnRinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsCOdg4ACo2C8cxYDOvc9jprnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音 /j/ /w/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YgEed6IysogkMcxCm9rcZCI9nMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音 /ǀ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkYUdw6iMoqSiqxwvFGcq3HTnTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":551,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6872a8bb79f14f40989a6ed6bc41be7a","width":720},"text":"","id":"C4qGduOAkoiWuQx0ixicZGvqnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYc4dsOwco02wAxAp27chauenkc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MI8CdGMgmoi24ox6Isuc2rBwnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标（长元音）-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmiUdgiYaoo2m8xCLThcfQzVnob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FKwydmY08oE4Esxsthgc7bG6ngf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/i:/发音技巧：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JICedKKGioa2S6xOb2IcdXk7n31"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖抵下齿，口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长，就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PuU6dGQ4goEwuyx0SHAcyATXnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂；see [siː] v. 看见，参看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoymdmuGiocUiExgVgicDvQJn2b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11401e7cc5bc444dbe441c1675fed41f","width":451},"text":"","id":"Jwu8dI462oaeoYx2YiTciWTqnvE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/ɜ:/发音技巧：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ts2qdA6SgoseSMxKkuqcBll6nug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ɜ:/是长元音，近似于北京腔的“儿”话音，如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音，关键在于卷舌！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYYudyQECoAUWCxAXCXcpSQNnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫；nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"COSGdekU0o4gUuxMXnMcC6pCn2c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":377,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/623ec09f755c4250bf94380ee9544915","width":562},"text":"","id":"FCiYdGaciomUW2xG0SicnSgFnLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/u:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWOIdEuS2o0WmaxWew6cVNb0nEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时双唇用力向前突出，有点像拉长了音说“乌”，但要注意，“乌”的口形较扁。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGkEdI2kMos20Ox2r4qcCFyXnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮；room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Esasd8QoioyssQxkPtKc5kBmnJc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":301,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe82dde826ae4239afa4b48ffe8b0c42","width":453},"text":"","id":"RKWId4Ca4og0QexmwWYcZ2TOnAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/a:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TAmEdomGco0mmmxMBcic5uLqnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时口张大，双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子，说“啊”，看看嘴巴张得够不够大，记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSYadWSEcooYEQxIUAjct9vnnFJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问； far [fa:r] adj. 远的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YAQsdCAoGosGOqxQt5octrTLnYc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":273,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/025ef979d9624dbc88706798e493e87b","width":454},"text":"","id":"JsAodyMG4oaAWUx0eNaclgPRnU7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/ɔ:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VyMWdKGuYouWEGxCWxVch2RmnXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出，发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音，记住：长元音一定要拉长，发出来才好听。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MgM2dcYGCo46QcxQbwMc94Nynih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：door [dɔ:r] n. 门； short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LgscdccICoGgwaxKaJWc1SyKnIh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d7a38edc116f4856b5a9593f720e724d","width":450},"text":"","id":"Ho4YdSGgcoUyQqxmgKhctGE7nkd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G0wOd0uowoAm6exEjRdcgKeDnJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读？】-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WUQIdyWAoo6YMexciCLc5g4mnfx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音：/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JQe8de0WgoW4WIxIf6EcSf5Jn8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/i/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OeiSdAac6oeg4QxICt4cMrZ1ngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它是个短元音，发音要短促而轻快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KyOcdmKcYo2yg0xc9CLchnc0nFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的；Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Peq6dMSKAoKMiex85ZpcCHMwn8c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":282,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7490f86fa2e840c7822c7a8652cc3b59","width":454},"text":"","id":"Jg8qd0SAGoaqQYxWG62cTGd0nJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/ə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yi4gdOOSwoqi4ixUPCxcr7dTn8N"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌身平放，双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QSWGdgm2wokq4uxaoSxc9pQNnAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师； mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N600dqWCioIGAexsDGtcikolnSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fc5b84b799c543ba81a17ef6447d69b3","width":451},"text":"","id":"Zicodsi0aoGSMcxMFmhcGojin4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/ɔ","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"/ ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cwu6dsy0ioSIoQxQ3McctItdnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这是一个短元音，发音一定要短，发音比/ɔ:/短一些，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B40SdEqGeommYaxUVmkcbAFunof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙；hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6OQdeMYeo8kqAxQFP0cUzhtnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/u/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MkEMdeuwcoUMQMx2jfDcSL1Lnle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时双唇收圆，稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”，但没发完就给打断了一样。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NUQadG2AOoyQiqxovbfcN5hMnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：book [bʊk] n. 书,卷；cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XiW4dUI0WoeWYaxmgclczYA7nSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":318,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a926c1aa6d5d4ce79c0d19c2159ce98e","width":454},"text":"","id":"QGcAdYE6MomYUMxuiFcciKOwnKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/ʌ/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QemKd0uQoogOGqx0yTfccRfnnVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RQgydeee4ogWwyxgJKecse67nsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥，弟弟；mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W8i8des8kowCQaxCkeRcyQO0nMc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":282,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1518aaa5800744e6bc885be81174da0d","width":458},"text":"","id":"WMWQdCSuEoUWmExgHZKcmgz1nhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（6）/e/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqQmdo8KCoky4ex6tkXch12DnFb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”，同时发出声音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HESCdsQuMo60Eox6PwLcFLN7nkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱； desk [desk] n. 书桌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMEmdEuiQoOm8IxWKmhchZ3dnqc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b3fa4d978e4b447488f631be293165b8","width":451},"text":"","id":"HCSudscUeo2WQexw5h8cEy3znSe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（7）/æ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FIIOdWuQsoIIwCx4gLAcOprtnje"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时，双唇向两边平伸，张开嘴，嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚，尽可能夸张。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZSsydKw6AoE0QuxERwUcI26KnUh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：bad [bæd] ：adj. 坏的,不好的；cat [kæt] ：n. 猫，猫科动物","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUkcdksC2osc46xkfiqcMmwtnqe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":286,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/13ef5be403e1446dab200bb2319308db","width":455},"text":"","id":"RyKKdYucIoyoaExSGXwcBg0wnGh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EaaodueAEo268SxMxKfcNGngnFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 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n. 面，边","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HIYQdm4KkocmioxVAXPcjTFInvy"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1fac52f81d3e43b4ad93559d84c6e4fd","width":452},"text":"","id":"GW2id2oWuoywqex6iJZcG5KXnWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/ɔɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AOWIdIc8moigIixsbHIckhi8n5G"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FSw4ducquoQKMuxMtIScMy4wnWd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：oil  [ɔil] n. 油，石油；noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音，嘈杂声","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LW2od6qk0oqyU4x8qOAczdchnCc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9307e1ed689946e9bd14a681c5b78d92","width":448},"text":"","id":"WMKUd2wgKoIQ6uxQbA9cgGWindd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/ɪə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cae2duCEsoem4yxA3tvc0cmdnCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发声时，由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中，接近于汉语发音“一呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C68Md8ms8ociOqxWGiVcBAMJnEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：fear   [fɪər] ：n. 害怕，可能性；dear   [dɪər] ：adj. 亲爱的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eawkdmem6owIQYxisRVcS3Ljnce"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4aecdc72dc8d4a52a355153570863ecb","width":449},"text":"","id":"UQCadEEogosc0cxCAiZcP9D0nme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/eə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Es8ydgUYyoW0UGx0u3PcNSMZnzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I42OdKEEso2AYKxwDFhc15xGnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：bear  [bɛə] ：n. 熊；wear  [wɛə] ：vt. 穿着","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mi4GdQ4cooIqGGxWszQcP7P6nUb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":301,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/80a62f63b71d441fab8b7b937db156b5","width":455},"text":"","id":"WKgEdmMEeooMAGxraS2cKlFNnzp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（6）/ʊə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JYs6des4GosOg2xWIw7c5U11nBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一个是“短乌音”/u/，第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Qgsgdw2qgoa6WSx2zPjcHHBLnSf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的，确实的；pure  [pjʊər] adj. 纯的； 单纯的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IqQidGY8uou04vxQr5ucq8izn2T"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c63377faff584578850c4f931e0964a4","width":500},"text":"","id":"G2Uod4AO2oA0yuxOgbYcsRAUnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（7）/əʊ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AKMadGucOoaaGIxQFbicoXY5n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KkSUdWMwwo4CE8xKwmhcnBqwnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例： flow  [fləu] ：vi. 流；glow   [ɡləʊ] ：vi. 发光，灼热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BKa0dKw0qoIKk2xYZC6cRR28n5b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/02a605adae3540e89ce2893523886858","width":451},"text":"","id":"NM2wdK6S2oeIQYxCgOxcYt4snue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（8）/aʊ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4eedMomYoYYUUx8kmacWlySn9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"由第一个音向第二个音滑动，接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kuy8dSgWgoKKG0xlGmGcJFU1nm7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛，乳牛；hour [aʊər] n. 小时，钟头","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EG88doWaio0GUwx0M5Yc3mtvnwb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":336,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1955882da7c54a7d936a2a26325b2b9c","width":500},"text":"","id":"V04od2GkKokq6WxuazbctmCGnmh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PiwcdwQISoMwgsx0yFucrIYUnih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标（辅音部分），发音规则与技巧！美式发音，地道口语！清辅音，浊辅音！初级，零基础，欢迎新手！-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DAMod2AYQoGwMYxmm7pcZVEgnRd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JY04deUyUo4SOIx00V9cNrjgn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aya6dI06WoYGm0xgFG8cd2RWnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DCAKdYKa6o6CskxSKjOcMmqYnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清辅音：发音时送气，声带不颤动（颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4c8d0oaKoiiasxSJbIc3Phpn8z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音：发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前，纸没有被吹开)，声带颤动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6msd8Wsao4MCox3aGXchxhTnit"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”，都省去韵母成分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgqdeYCwoquUGxIpR6cp8i9n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iUduAywo0QcsxAPIvcauRYn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/p/：pen [pen] n.钢笔；pin [pin] n.大头针","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YGdymweowsukxi0Chcjet4nbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/b/：bike [baik] n.自行车；beg [beg] v.乞求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IukEd2acUomqsix61ZlcYRZgntc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":291,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/606b063e5abc4abda1a64a5bcd15ed33","width":453},"text":"","id":"GAAodsy42oGcEOxqesecgGainDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":279,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62b2c2ff83cd446e913fc3894b60f5ed","width":453},"text":"","id":"LocqdA2WqoWwOmx4iqoc1Co1nzd"}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgudmymyoWeMyxG4qAcXd5Nn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num； test [test] n. 试验, 考验","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmCsdscSUougQExs3LHcC6Yvnxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/d/： student [ˈstudnt]  n.学生； date  [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QEwYdeUuqoceaWxmGpgcCQRAnaf"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a42294e34f854b1db31a0c38ef37302c","width":450},"text":"","id":"Q8KYdagoIo4k20x8FBYcKkY5ng9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/904cd5e38687477288a3126fcc4f1018","width":454},"text":"","id":"EOGSdg44io6MwMxwFg2cxsvAnPf"}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不要振动；/g/是浊辅音，声带需要振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CiO0dy8SCoiem2xKge6ccUbyn7e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 风筝；cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FUQodyeyyoWuQAx2JGYcZNT1nqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/g/： glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套；girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQIOdQAAIoSki6xy8ITcIpXtnmh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/14d7ac9a6f4f404893f06bdabb1aa226","width":490},"text":"","id":"Emi6dSeEKo2WoixmcDrcz6VHnU6"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":304,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06964c4beb5c4fce98d2def6ba8ebbca","width":493},"text":"","id":"DYMkdcSk4oSS0AxYncocwbmfnZc"}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/f/ /v/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/谐音“府”，/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ISoKdAUgYoGIyExI5y6cPFHfnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音前，上齿咬住下嘴唇，然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，从而引起摩擦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RM62de2eqoAkcixAxO3c7o2nn2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/是清辅音，发音时声带不震动；/v/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGkSdk02UoUYoqx87ogcwnwpnPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/f/：flower ['flaʊər] n. 花；fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmI8dMaAyocKYixCAJOcvEDznmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/v/：love [lʌv] v. 爱；seven [ˈsevən] num. 七","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CaQOdgSIQogyCOxO4sGcBbGqnkg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8ce3c52756514e448ddc1d518e55ecdf","width":450},"text":"","id":"Pam6duQkAoyQ6Oxq6dwcgin7nTe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d517eafc9904db59404a654d6aabfd9","width":499},"text":"","id":"A6ugd446kocAo6xgNYQcDw1hnId"}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时，舌尖微微伸出，置于上下门齿之间，舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小，气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/ð/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmG0de0CookKwKxgJVJctctcnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三； throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQUadqEywoMcs2xEtzIc5zkmnfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ð/：this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个，这里； mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGMedc0I2oEIOEx6qDWc6Ca4nwg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/50168da9a42b477395fa447a59aadf00","width":640},"text":"","id":"TS0MdAOiIoWak2x4Fr2cXJLRneg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe852c5bda9443b4b98bcb1ed73950ab","width":456},"text":"","id":"Y6o6dYI68oOO4ixYzmUcUdwlnHg"}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”，/z/“zi”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动；/z/是浊浦音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiYMdEsIcom0uoxgfRFcbXodnAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/s/：school [sku:l] n. 学校，学院；bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WO6kd6cMWoAM02xGkWKc7Bunnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/z/：please [pli:z] int.请；zoo [zu:] n.动物园","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IgmKdaGiooyg8ExgVM2cEGJAnoh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":271,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9a735a6fd556430899e72f213603429c","width":453},"text":"","id":"IYIEdaM6co0Mo6xsd9CcEcfGnrf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":217,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cbd3bbe2132a47e09a970ca158685fd7","width":454},"text":"","id":"S6C8duMs0omqiKxkfZncVmJSnIb"}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌端先贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，声带不振动，/dz/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wu2AdkuSioKeekxGWiWcUNN1nFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/ts/：cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 )；hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 ) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DOksdQsWUoKGA2xETz0chmFantf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dz/：hands [hændz] n.手；lands [lændz] n.陆地","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmSdKgc0oK828xcVxeci6yGnOg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":289,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8fdc13488fbc4d59a98f9f0713aefe7c","width":450},"text":"","id":"P8KydWaQYo8qWUxQppkc4qdhngb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c7a93711b0e46cc83a527c60d527179","width":451},"text":"","id":"PkmQd6QMeoIcCIxoQSfcvdqVnmb"}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dr/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GSKsdMQi0o82OexWotqcSV0KnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树，木料；try [traɪ] vt.\u0026 vi. 试图 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GGkKdsqAqo0C8WxqIJucE48Anzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dr/：dress [dres] n.连衣裙；drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HcYWdO6moomiWCxi6X3c322tnUe"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8cd7b6ea3573404d915c2b39fdd668ad","width":454},"text":"","id":"Vg4UdMsoWosWm6xmPRjcCCNMnyQ"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":296,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/700de1de8f2b402893d73b6fd25b5342","width":452},"text":"","id":"OsM4dSIkIouswGxiw7LcHHrMnjb"}],"text":"","id":"JSaEd8UAsoau4axA33tcPSTUnLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSaEd8UAsoau4axA33tcPSTUnLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/ʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PKmAda0ceooIAExiq07crsVtnid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/∫/：English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的； 英国的；rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGIidicIkoCGCKxKo0PcQBYlnhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ʒ/：pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐，愉快；casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的，偶然的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MwwIdAKiooqy2Cxak94c5PDbnGg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8f332b0d40c74d34ae86cb1fa3ca05e7","width":454},"text":"","id":"DwsYdMccsog0iYxISsfcHUVinNH"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":228,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f540e592612a4386a861f7ad67e4073c","width":453},"text":"","id":"ISiYdkQoGoGQe0xKa7JcQsU3n3d"}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（10）/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U0gWdO4iMoCAaoxYfM3cC5m6n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/t∫/： chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔；chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NK0ydWy0SoseSyxGoJMcJWW5nLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dʒ/：page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ；age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OEesduWwUowgWuxm4gJcL9gGnuc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":277,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8b628a6b1e514fe0b391ed64c1367954","width":454},"text":"","id":"V86EdgUKGoouEOxqclNcNjX5nCh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":267,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6d921b622ffa4a38a273f436986ea872","width":445},"text":"","id":"VIo0dGc4yoCimMxU5WBcTgQNnSb"}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”，省去韵母成分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M04md204koiKaQxcjQPccMzznXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/h/这个音时，嘴半开，气流从口腔不受阻碍而出，声带不振动，清辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6Kidis8moccGAxjkUjcGKHMncS"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/r/这个音时，舌端上卷，靠近上齿龈附近，嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态，气流从口腔涌出，声带振动，属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Skk8dmsmoog2KwxWIvucX2Yvnyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例: /h/： hair [heə(r)] n.头发；hate [heɪt] v.恨，厌恶","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeIKdecMEoOEEsxC2MDcxzKenug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/r/： sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ；write [raɪt] v.写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmKEdA6O2oMuaCxQ3hLc0Vauneh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ae68233a2f1f4e0bae1ada1aafa601b2","width":455},"text":"","id":"B2IgdUQ0AoYG6wxYVJccq7VMnag"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":690,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b5bc0da8fe7f4de1b056a6e261a0535d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"FoGadAwoIoQ8iux6WegcTMzCnlb"}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【（21）鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QsmOdYKyAoKyYgxct1YcwrFxnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/m/谐音“恩”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GAAmd86QgomQgmxaa0LcUWtJn8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：双唇紧闭，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔发出，声带震动。闭口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ws8udoA2soaccyxaUb3cYEJCnkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的；time [taɪm] n.时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGuudoKUeogKgKxS8ZUcakUsnYg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f85c67957ccc46bdaa291f21c4945bbf","width":453},"text":"","id":"JSAAdM6wSo6uSUxQzE5cb42LnQd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/n/谐音“呢”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsCId8QaAou0OwxCavicqQUSnLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔发出，同时声带震动，开口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2GAdKKSGoCuWIxQdrXctfW6nvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的；funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MysCdSuOeoeK8ixaugKcDN72nUf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cf6bbf9b230c4ba385b68bf46687dc48","width":449},"text":"","id":"IKM0duY8Go6u4CxkBlucRm0XnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”，省去声母部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WcoodGMkwoI2YGxIP4ucIJsAnRC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时气流从鼻腔涌出，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UWcSd6OUCoq0a8xAV9sc88PznPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例： think [θɪŋk] v.想；angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YIdO2o0o8w2Ax5e5RcRshSnn9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":281,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9be0385b2e8b48298d7c1f70fbddcfcd","width":453},"text":"","id":"Ng62d6MoOo82sUx6k4VcQMB9nYf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HuSIdwyEkoMIqCxotU0cFfxbnNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I8yIdi2Ego4uoyxmUgXcTisJn0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/j/谐音“耶”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J2ScdIcYUouWkWxiojWcdJ1KnJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时声带震动，气流口腔发出。浊辅音，发音口型类似/ i/.","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QmQMd4CA2o0cWYxeKdicdK2bn7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：ye [jes] adv.是的；young [jʌŋ] 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哪一个","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N8yMd808YogkeYxS8Bzcw8AnnZe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":299,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/752d066e3d624ac5a0a385ff5a02f131","width":453},"text":"","id":"A2EAdkoKaoKUE8xCUKAcaFHvnrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习步骤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGmUduwi2o4WWcxW8UAcAtf6nsh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyQmdY0woowyiWxQtzSct7zAn95"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写音标，并了解音标特点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OKeud2iiGoSqEAxWbELcjRpgnqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对音标的基本认知","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RaimdAOiYoEG8SxSmf2ceFeonGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、区别长短音带“：”的音标发音相对较长不带“：”的音标发音相对较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z2ScdmyGqomYqaxyqkdcLdq3nhL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别：清辅音声带不震动，浊辅音声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYY8dyIYwo8OyAxcjYfcWTgKn3f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V8YAdU2MgoEgOGxKAYHckkUAn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范，美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"】》、《【李咏梅老师英语（音标部分）——最牛的初中英语老师！没有之一！李咏梅国际音标 （完整版发音篇）-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程（完整版）-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》，以上几个视频都非常不错，详细讲解每个音标的读法。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"注意视频一定至少跟读5遍，才能确保你的学习效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS4ydK4S6oiIQmxu0vncRSQHnMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IuCAd8Eeao4kYCxCirecwybinKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmAd4gewoQWIUxKQ07cNUeEnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、模仿练习，学习国际音标的发音，要注意观察老师的口型，观察发音部位的变化，主动模仿发音，初学可以对着镜子模仿练习，特别是元音发音的舌位高低，口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切，可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别，观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况，比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等，掌握准确口腔开口度，对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XcymdwOWCo6CIGxa2tecRpqyncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标，通过反反复复的听力练习，达到强化记忆。听音训练，如果有条件，可以多听老师朗读音标，也可以使用录音带反复听音，本课件中的每个音素，都可以循环倾听，强化记忆。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N242dAYGAoY4MIxCel4c7gT7nOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、多动口，动口是加强实践的关键和核心，听音也好，模仿也好，比较也好，最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来，所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说，\"三天不写手生，三天不念口生\"，说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标，要时时加强语音训练，勤动口，反复实践练习，在实践中比较，在实践中体会差别，做到熟能生巧，这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8AGdQweWo6Eq4xwZQpcAzqTnGg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重点音标讲解","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYgkdUaewoSIquxc48NcmqD7nQy"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YW4wdUskoocOAwxuatBcuFsWn1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[i:] =“一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HgwEd26sEoK8kaxa0MKcjHMRnRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɪ]：[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大，注意比较两图口型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MSyYdOwSUo0k2axkAtYc5sddnbB"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":150,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/424933217c51464b98439d52a906dc79","width":313},"text":"","id":"XAeYdY8kMoOcUmx8IcRck6D9n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[e] 嘴张45°，[æ]嘴张90°","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeQGdy2Smou2O6xURCZcVp3Lnae"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":145,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6672fd2298724d35a280bead538ac3ae","width":306},"text":"","id":"RmM4dISSQoAMIcxygd5cxr6HnOe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSo6dKsSWo2GYcxZjETc9G1GnDG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ə]=额（不卷舌）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsmdKmyKoAssoxAzOdc7OWnntg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":169,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/23669fa681c94516b68dbd7dfbeacb30","width":287},"text":"","id":"Fo6QduWAwokykix49KRcfCJmnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʌ]：开口比“啊”略小","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BGsmdsW6woUimYxOwpucaftfnNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T4q6dQqcMo8UY4x6uROcurTungg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yc4mdmGSQow40gxqCAGcOvvinBd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":158,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a325dcff9bf444c93f02a661b7eb1dc","width":288},"text":"","id":"YI2udUmcEoUO2axUffDc55c0n5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ] =“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GOUkd82oyoSQK2xGU3Yc38ITngg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BY4wdeQqqoy6C6xqo3wc8LQdnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VieGd4caOoI2eIxKk63cHfKcnEh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47f4542a00f04f7aae6be6656657cf8c","width":114},"text":"","id":"IE8cdeAC4oMySuxgcAocFfSanZ3"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/89ec169b38a04ab99190b396206e9400","width":98},"text":"","id":"UyMSdui2WoASQExMfVZcTvLqnrd"}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[u:]核心：双唇由半开微突，过渡到合嘴圆唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C4EUdoaeCoGgg2xA94WcKc7XnVg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGS8duyAEoSGqgxas3DcrumNnog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音较简单，大多数可进行类比，注意双元音的重音在第一个音标，即前一个音读的稍重，后一个音读的较轻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ww4IdocgUoaaeAxYJjwcra66neh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eɪ]=“A”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TciidSSSmoKY6MxOmfycHajin1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[aɪ]=“I”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QyWEdEi4eo0WC4xYBXWcKXKJn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[əʊ]=“O”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaqodkkAWoIIwixUvLJciK9Dnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔɪ]=“哦一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EIkGdeWMMoCgCKxujKucWEgXnl7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɪə]=ear","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6Wedoq6Go4KQKx0OLvcGKWAnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eə]=air","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WKsUdcKGSouW0exAVi9cPsZcnWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊə]=“乌尔”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JMWSdYuUAo84WexU5RncsFdWnYe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6SAdQWcYoe2WexqIZ7cCguWnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处，直接看视频模仿即可，这里只讲解易错发音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOS4dUWgKoegoQxoBW1c0scNnCh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"爆破音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGwkdoY06oeKEExaYJdcMIPWnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意：它们声带不震动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqIEdUkemo8g6Gx2j13czIRNn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摩擦音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAkqdWaUkoe4oQx6CBicKu6JnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齿咬下唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMwCdEUkWoQ6uQxwJcscTdTUnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":146,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2ad2d1355a204bcbae724b0dc07ceb1b","width":248},"text":"","id":"QugUdOeOOoC8yAxzSjzcPmdenp5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[θ][ð]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BoGUd4UcUoS2eSxig5ac7Oh0nPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上下齿轻咬舌头，发音时能看到你的舌头露出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YesIdOoy4oEWmax6YWXcvXUSn1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":125,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fb45b894066748d99889cbe3cbcf925d","width":239},"text":"","id":"XM0idmGoWosKc0xkOwdckSZZnUx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BC0IdUyW4oiyGqxMzvxcAjzpnIg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":144,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8f6dc95aeda44ba960be5c6b0ae01ba","width":278},"text":"","id":"DSW8dw0eQoyYAIx87UScLiJbnvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音＋舌头平放的“喝”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsYdguS0osqikxYJjncCMxjnie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QYkOdgowEo6mSExYBRPc5wiznOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[m] 合嘴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LeSWdaaQkouGaMxKWxWcL08ense"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[n] 舌前部抵住上颚","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmKIdKGsiooa6ix6RbecaOExnUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ŋ] 嘴巴张开","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xcusd4giYokcyGxKw8JccJM3nxd"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6809d9fd4d604c999772a6441dca8739","width":157},"text":"","id":"HEw2dqIAYoysEoxiySQcHndjnud"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5675b8cf0d67465db9106dd349b765ab","width":165},"text":"","id":"ICYydaeeyosCAQxq6mDcf2cJnvb"}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌侧音[l]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音前：跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后：发“l”的前半段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAW4dyoO6ouEMwxU9DycGSVfnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYiUdiuoAoc0SkxJxQ7cKyODnHH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[j] “也”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiEYdKWOGoYoCsxaALDcfRxtn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eakqd8i8gomqCCx0C5ScvszAn3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"破擦音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWgEdOqSCo2cwaxgnVNcniofnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QUISdIOmYo8CAEx2xyfcxw1EnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dʒ]= “居”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGoQdUkewoOKqwxg1NmcNvosncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ts]=不发声的“次”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8K6ducAkoeSccxsVFec10Icnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dz]=“子”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V2CSdAm0ioYYcqxADoecjOXUn5T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tr] 先发“t”，在发“r”，最后结合在一起","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PMwOdSKYsoO6yyxKW0vcyzhxnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dr] 同上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqcCdaYuSosyuIx02oycX1iwnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"词汇拼读","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I0GedsKk0oUgoOxuyXccgX1vnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、规划拼读任务，拿出单词书或课本词汇表，找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读，20个为一组，每天练习3组，当然如果有时间，多进行几组也OK，加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiK6dkyMqoE6KYxcZFecaO2Onic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、输入法识别词汇，每拼读一个词汇，都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读，看能否被输入法识别出单词，用机器来检测是否读的准确。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F82MdiS0OoEyEyxk1SicCu6vnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、听词汇跟读，不管输入法识别出单词，还是没识别出单词，都要查手机字典，来听一遍听力，并跟读，模仿语调和轻重读音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GcOsd4I80oaSsExCYAecvtgonmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAkYd6KyoosOe8xyaEycPumwn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig8edugQyogYa8xmCTpcTKcgnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、国际音标，一共48个，每天学4个，12天学完，元音和辅音每天各学习两个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kk6IdUSM0omgecxaQbkcSsZsnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词，每天坚持读一个小时，第二天要把第一天的一块儿读，第三天要把前两天的一块儿读，依次类推，坚持学完所有的音标，就可以读字典上任何一个单词。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QG6sdm2M4o68ouxYDuzcFDxhn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、长期坚持下去，会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联，比如ph都发音标f的音，字母u发尖a的音，类似的规律，当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多，同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来，直接就把背单词的问题解决了，音标会读，单词会读，单词会背，听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了，同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻，同时最重要的是用起来更容易。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Km8odoYG4omMG2xQjwvctwuOn8e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XS6WduK8gocSyQxwpyYc32mDnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、了解发音要领，模仿老师口型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaWwde6UQoWyyox8b3Yc0PnGngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习语音，一定要注意口型，并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领，特别是相似音标的发音区别。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jii2diISEoMkQixoveicLaPdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了，其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的， 所以需要老师正确的发音示范，跟着老师一起读，然后再加上老师给的一些技巧，继续跟读，老师感觉哪有问题，再帮着纠正，这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pow0deEogocwqexqKJOchO9Qnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 单词拼读实战，一对一纠正错误","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqAmdu0E4oWkkExaukOcf14rnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习，单词拼读实战训练，巩固你的发音。不断读，不断纠正，训练单个音标到训练多个单词，在学习语音的过程中，再掌握一些基础的词汇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0cyd2a4kowyACxM4E2cCki4nsi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、辩音练习，纠正错误，掌握发音规律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQWQdmkKmoYcqyxsrTAcvvH8nhy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强，但还是训练相同的内容，一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音，将相似音放在一起对比再练习，舌头和耳朵在这很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyKYdA4oIoQC8exa2vjcYOc1nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4aGdqMEMoO2AGxkzAkcWRvAnHd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

2. 轻骑qm1503j

悦胜不是纯铃木发动机、它是仿了铃木发动机、但你不要灰心、虽然是高仿的。但是质量几乎不次于铃木产的发动机、 我去年买了一辆轻骑悦胜125-3当时花了6600元但现在我感觉他物超所值、首先说油耗、我的百公里定了耗2个油、我的悦胜目前的最高时速达到127公里/小时。、(上面的零件和齿轮都是原装的从没有改装过、)也许你不相信我的时速、但是我说的都是事实、因为我的自从买车到现在一直在跑高速、我是上班族每天的路程90%都是国道、所以时速都很快、也许是经常跑高速的原因吧、哎、反正我也说不好、我的车比一般的摩托车都要快、比钻豹、雅马哈都要给力。

3. 轻骑qm150国俊

国骏QM250-2D自重170公斤,最高时速140公里每小时,此车是轻骑和标致合资后的代表作产品。质量不错,价格15000左右,

4. 轻骑qm150l-4b离合器线

不会伤车的，这又不是汽车。汽车会伤离合片

而摩托车不会。摩托车的离合片是由5个离合片盒4个离合钢片组成。在拉起离合器的时候。离合片就会慢转动，而转动的速度会转到离合压板上的轴承上面。所以不会伤车。只是离合轴承转动而已、

正确方法是要带档滑行。

捏离合滑行的危害： 离合片铁片和摩擦片之间相对滑动， 时间长了， 加速离合片， 尤其是摩擦片的磨损。使摩擦片变薄， 那么一组离合片之间的摩擦力相对减小 ，造成离合打滑 ， 就是发动机转速高而车速低 。在这种状态下长时间行驶会造成 发动机过热，燃油消耗增加，机器各部件磨损严重，尤其活塞环磨损更为严重 。

5. 轻骑qm150gy k

国产小忍者的排量，一般是标在发动机的缸体上，缸体上有一个与发动机排量相近的数值，后面是ml或CC。比如100的发动机一般标的是97ml或98ml。

另外，在发动机号码的前面一般有发动机型号，发动机型号里也有个字母是代表发动机排量的，比如在M（常见的如FM或QM）后面的字母如果是G，就代表发动机是100排量，如果是H就是110排量，如果是I就是125排量，J是150排量。

6. 轻骑qm150gy-m

QM50QT_6比较省油，起步提速慢一些，比较适合路况较好的地方骑行；总体比较经济实用。

你以前从未骑过摩托车建议你用金牌QM50QT，整车重量较轻，最高时速也慢一些，从安全考虑，适合你。

轻骑金牌QM50QT_6更适合你，此车质量更好一些，市场占有率比较大，备件相对便宜。

7. 轻骑qm150太子

雅马哈 BT1100 斗牛犬

从名字就能看出，BT1100拥有激进、野性的性格，外形方面不同于传统街车，高耸的油箱加上圆滑的风挡，让BT1100的外观犹如一头准备发动进攻的斗牛犬。动力方面搭载风冷75度V型双缸发动机，1063ml的排量输出65匹马力和88牛米的扭矩，虽然马力不够花哨，但蛮横的扭矩驱动251kg的车身不会有半点拖沓，V型双缸随叫随到的动力特性完美的体现在这辆车上。只要你舍得拧油门，会立即体验到拉扯的快感。

Bigdog K9 大狗

Bigdog公司虽然生产美式巡航车，但是和哈雷戴维森并没有什么关系，这个独立的品牌只生产定制美式巡航摩托车，目前拥有五条生产线。K9是Bigdog最具代表性的一款摩托车，被誉为“美式第一Chopper”，拥有超长的前减震、修长的油箱、低矮的坐垫和300毫米宽后胎，这些夸张的设计让K9非常容易辨认。动力方面同样非常强悍，新款K9的发动机由老款117立方英寸加大到124立方英寸，推动车辆由静止加速到时速100不会超过4秒。超大排量的V型双缸发动机在产生强大马力的同时，也让排气声浪拥有纯正的美式重机范儿。

雅马哈 SRX400瘦狗

为了延续SRX500车型的优质口碑，YAMAHA相继推出SRX400和SRX600车型，其中SRX400车型拥有纤细的车身和轻盈的车重，被人戏称为“瘦狗”，当时一度成为CAFE RACER追捧的对象。此外，SRX400拥有非常高的可靠度，虽然样子不够华丽，性能不够强劲，还是得到了用户的一致好评，作为通勤代步、外出游玩的座驾非常合适。配备400ml单缸风冷发动机，能输出33匹马力和33牛米扭矩，推动147kg的轻巧车身，让其极速可以超过160km/h，足以应付日常使用需求，无奈SRX400早早停产，完整保留至今的车少之又少。

本田 MAGNA 250龙犬

作为Honda旗下入门级巡航摩托车，MAGNA 250表现得足够低调，除了优秀的品质和轻松的驾驭体验外，再没有其他能拿出向人炫耀的资本，不过对于初级摩托发烧友来说，MAGNA 250已经完全能达到使用需求。动力来自一台90度V型双缸250ml水冷发动机，采用DOHC八气门配气机构，最大马力27匹、最大扭矩22.5牛米，这对于一款入门级车型来讲完全够用，而且动力输出非常平顺，完全符合巡航车的秉性。仅有171kg的车重并不像其他巡航车那样笨重，即使新手骑行也没有太大压力，也正因为这样，MAGNA 250成为了不少摩友的第一辆巡航摩托车。

轻骑QM250GY-F狗四

QM250GY-F是轻骑公司推出的一款两用摩托车，也是战獒系列摩托车的第四代产品，它的外号“狗四”也是由此而来。战獒系列摩托车兼顾公路和越野的使用需求，是一款跨界车型，不论用来跑山通勤、还是林道穿越，战獒系列车型都能满足使用需求。经过不断地升级改进，“狗四”的性能相比老款车型取得了跨越性进步，发动机排量提升至250ml，前减震改为倒立式前叉，供油也配备了电喷系统，各个方面都已达到了较高水准，是一款集玩乐与实用于一身的车型。该车用途非常广泛，即使在长途摩旅中也能经常见到。

8. 轻骑qm150l-4b套锁

吴加亮布四斗五方旗　宋公明排九宫八卦阵

　　诗曰：

　　廊庙徽猷岂不周，山林却有过人谋。

　　凤无六翮难高举，虎入深山得自由。

　　四斗五方排阵势，九宫八卦运兵筹。

　　陷兵损将军容失，犬马从知是寇仇。

　　话说枢密使童贯，受了天子统军大元帅之职，径到枢密院中，便发调兵符验，要拨东京管下八路军州，各起军一万，就差本处兵马都监统率；又于京师御林军内选点二万，守护中军。枢密院下一应事务，尽委副枢密使掌管。御营中选两员良将为左羽、右翼。号令已定，不旬日之间诸事完备。一应接续军粮，并是高太尉差人趱运。那八路军马？

　　睢州兵马都监段鹏举、郑州兵马都监陈翥、陈州兵马都监吴秉彝、唐州兵马都监韩天麟、许州兵马都监李明、邓州兵马都监王义、洳州兵马都监马万里、嵩州兵马都监周信

　　御营中选到左羽、右翼良将二员为中军，那二人？

　　御前飞龙大将酆美、御前飞虎大将毕胜

　　童贯掌握中军为主帅，号令大小三军齐备，武库拨降军器，选定吉日出师。高太尉、杨太尉设筵饯行。朝廷着仰中书省一面赏军。且说童贯已令众将次日先驱军马出城，然后拜辞天子，飞身上马，出这新曹门外，五里短亭，只见高、杨二太尉为首，率领众官先在那里等候。童贯下马，高太尉执盏擎杯，与童贯道：“枢密相公此行，与朝廷必建大功，早奏凯歌。此寇潜伏水洼，不可轻进，只须先截四边粮草，坚固寨栅，诱此贼下山。先差的当的人打听消息，贼情动静，然后可以进兵。那时一个个生擒活捉，庶不负朝廷委用。望乞枢密相公裁之。”童贯道：“重蒙教诲，刻骨铭心，不敢有忘。”各饮罢酒。杨太尉也来执锺，与童贯道：“枢相素读兵书，深知韬略，剿擒此寇，易如反掌。争奈此贼潜伏水泊，地利未便。枢相到彼，必有良策。”童贯道：“下官到彼，见机而作，自有法度。”高、杨二太尉一齐进酒，贺道：“都门之外，悬望凯旋。”相别之后，各自上马。

　　不说高、杨二太尉并众官回京。有各衙门合属官员送路的，不知其数，或回，或送半路途回京，皆不必说。大小三军一齐进发，人人要斗，个个欲争。一行人马各随队伍，甚是严整。前军四队，先锋总领行军；后军四队，合后将军监督；左右八路军马，羽翼旗牌催督；童贯镇握中军，总统马步羽林军二万，都是御营选拣的人。童贯执鞭指点军兵进发。怎见得军容整肃？但见：

　　兵分九队，旗列五方。绿沉枪，点钢枪，鸦角枪，布遍野光芒；青龙刀，偃月刀，雁翎刀，生满天杀气。雀画弓，铁胎弓，宝雕弓，对插飞鱼袋内；射虎箭，狼牙箭，柳叶箭，齐攒狮子壶中。车弩，漆抹弩，脚登弩，排满前军；开山斧，偃月斧，宣花斧，紧随中队。竹节鞭，虎眼鞭，水磨鞭，齐悬在肘上；流星锤，鸡心锤，飞抓锤，各带在身边。方天戟豹尾翩翻，丈八矛珠缠错落。龙文剑掣一汪秋水，虎头牌画几缕春云。先锋猛勇，领拔山开路之精兵；元帅英雄，统喝水断桥之壮士。左统军振举威风，有斩将夺旗之手段；右统军恢弘胆略，怀安邦济世之才能。碧油幢下，东厅枢密总中军；宝纛旗边，护驾亲军为羽翼。震天鼙鼓摇山岳，映日旌旗避鬼神。

　　当日童贯离了东京，军马上路，正是枪刀流水急，人马撮风行。兵行五十里屯住。次日又起行，迤逦前进。不一二日已到济州界分，太守张叔夜出城迎接，大军屯住城外。只见童贯引轻骑入城，至州衙前下马。张叔夜邀请至堂上，拜罢，起居已了，侍立在面前。童枢密道：“水洼草贼，杀害良民，邀劫商旅，造恶非止一端。往往剿捕，盖为不得其人，

　　致容滋蔓。吾今统率大军十万，战将百员，刻日要扫清山寨，擒拿众贼，以安兆民。”张叔夜答道：“枢相在上：此寇潜伏水泊，虽然是山林狂寇，中间多有智谋勇烈之士。枢相勿以怒气自激，引军长驱；必用良谋，可成功绩。”童贯听了大怒，骂道：“都似你这等畏惧懦弱匹夫，畏刀避剑，贪生怕死，误了国家大事，以致养成贼势。吾今到此，有何惧哉！”张叔夜那里敢再言语，且备酒食供送。童枢密随即出城，次日驱领大军，近梁山泊下寨。

　　且说宋江等已有细作人探知多日了。宋江与吴用已自铁桶般商量下计策，只等大军到来。告示诸将，各要遵依，毋得差错。

　　再说童枢密调拨军兵，点差睢州兵马都监段鹏举为正先锋，郑州都监陈翥为副先锋，陈州都监吴秉彝为正合后，许州都监李明为副合后，唐州都监韩天麟、邓州都监王义二人为左哨，洳州都监马万里、嵩州都监周信二人为右哨，龙虎二将酆美、毕胜为中军羽翼。童贯为元帅，统领大军，全身披挂，亲自监督。战鼓三通，诸军尽起。行不过十里之外，尘土起处，早有敌军哨路，来的渐近。鸾铃响处，约有三十余骑哨马，都戴青包巾，各穿绿战袄，马上尽系着红缨，每边拴挂数十个铜铃，后插一把雉尾，都是钏银细杆长枪，轻弓短箭。为头的战将是谁？怎生打扮？但见：

　　枪横鸦角，刀插蛇皮。销金的巾帻佛头青，挑绣的战袍鹦哥绿。腰系绒绦真紫色，足穿气袴软香皮。雕鞍后对悬锦袋，内藏打将的石子；战马边紧挂铜铃，后插招风的雉尾。骠骑将军没羽箭，张清哨路最当先。

　　马上来的将军，号旗上写的分明：“巡哨都头领没羽箭张清。”左有龚旺，右有丁得孙。直哨到童贯军前，相离不远，只隔百十步，勒马便回。前军先锋二将不得军令，不敢乱动，报至中军主帅。童贯亲到军前，观犹未尽，张清又哨将来。童贯欲待遣人追战，左右说道：“此人鞍后锦袋中都是石子，去不放空，不可追赶。”张清连哨了三遭，不见童贯进兵，返回。行不到五里，只见山背后锣声响动，早转出五百步军来。当先四个步军头领，乃是黑旋风李逵、混世魔王樊瑞、八臂那吒项充、飞天大圣李衮，直奔前来。但见：

　　人人虎体，个个彪形。当先两座恶星神，随后二员真杀曜。李逵手持双斧，樊瑞腰掣龙泉。项充牌画玉爪狻猊，李衮牌描金睛獬豸。五百人绛衣赤袄，一部从红旆朱缨。青山中走出一群魔，绿林内迸开三昧火。

　　那五百步军就山坡下一字儿摆开，两边团牌齐齐扎住。童贯领军在前见了，便将玉麈尾一招，大队军马冲击前去。李逵、樊瑞引步军分开两路，都倒提着蛮牌，踅过山脚便走。童贯大军赶出山嘴，只见一派平川旷野之地，就把军马列成阵势。遥望李逵、樊瑞，度岭穿林，都不见了。童贯中军立起攒木将台，令拨法官二员上去，左招右展，一起一伏，摆作四门斗底阵。阵势才完，只听得山后炮响，就后山飞出一彪军马来。前面先锋摆布已定，只等敌军到来相战。童贯令左右拢住战马，自上将台看时，只见山东一路军马涌出来，前一队军马红旗，第二队杂采旗，第三队青旗，第四队又是杂采旗；只见山西一路人马也涌来，前一队人马是杂采旗，第二队白旗，第三队是杂采旗，第四队皂旗。旗背后尽是黄旗。大队军将，急先涌来，占住中央，里面列成阵势。远观未实，近睹分明。正南上这队人马，尽都是火焰红旗，红甲红袍，朱缨赤马。前面一把引军红旗，上面金销南斗六星，下绣朱雀之状。那把旗招展动处，红旗中涌出一员大将，怎生结束？但见：

　　盔顶朱缨飘一颗，猩猩袍上花千朵。

　　狮蛮带束紫玉团，狻猊甲露黄金锁。

　　狼牙木棍铁钉排，龙驹遍体胭脂抹。

　　红旗招展半天霞，正按南方丙丁火。

　　号旗上写的分明：“先锋大将霹雳火秦明”。左右两员副将，左手是圣水将单廷珪，右边是神火将魏定国。三员大将手搦兵器，都骑赤马，立于阵前。东壁一队人马尽是青旗，青甲青袍，青缨青马。前面一把引军青旗，上面金销东斗四星，下绣青龙之状。那把旗招展动处，青旗中涌出一员大将，怎生打扮？但见：

　　蓝靛包巾光满目，翡翠征袍花一簇。

　　铠甲穿连兽吐环，宝刀闪烁龙吞玉。

　　青遍体粉团花，战袄护身鹦鹉绿。

　　碧云旗动远山明，正按东方甲乙木。

　　号旗上写得分明：“左军大将大刀关胜”。左右两员副将，左手是丑郡马宣赞，右手是井木犴郝思文。三员大将手搦兵器，都骑青马，立于阵前。西壁一队人马尽是白旗，白甲白袍，白缨白马。前面一把引军白旗，上面金销西斗五星，下绣白虎之状。那把旗招展动处，白旗中涌出一员大将，怎生结束？但见：

　　漠漠寒云护太阴，梨花万朵叠层琛。

　　素色罗袍光闪闪，烂银铠甲冷森森。

　　赛霜骏马骑狮子，出白长枪搦绿沉。

　　一簇旗幡飘雪练，正按西方庚辛金。

　　号旗上写的分明：“右军大将豹子头林冲”。左右两员副将，左手是镇三山黄信，右手是病尉迟孙立。三员大将手搦兵器，都骑白马，立于阵前。后面一簇人马尽是皂旗，黑甲黑袍，黑缨黑马。前面一把引军黑旗，上面金销北斗七星，下绣玄武之状。那把旗招展动处，黑旗中涌出一员大将，怎生打扮？但见：

　　堂堂卷地乌云起，铁骑强弓势莫比。

　　皂罗袍穿龙虎躯，乌油甲挂豺狼体。

　　鞭似乌龙搦两条，马如泼墨行千里。

　　七星旗动玄武摇，正按北方壬癸水。

　　号旗上写得分明：“合后大将双鞭呼延灼”。左右两员副将，左手是百胜将韩滔，右手是天目将彭玘。三员大将手持兵器，都骑黑马，立于阵前。东南方门旗影里，一队军马，青旗红甲。前面一把引军绣旗，上面金销巽卦，下绣飞龙。那把旗招展动处，捧出一员大将，怎生结束？但见：

　　擐甲披袍出战场，手中拈着两条枪。

　　雕弓鸾凤壶中插，宝剑沙鱼鞘内藏。

　　束雾衣飘黄锦带，腾空马顿紫丝缰。

　　青旗红焰龙蛇动，独据东南守巽方。

　　号旗上写得分明：“虎军大将双枪将董平”。左右两员副将，左手是摩云金翅欧鹏，右手是火眼狻猊邓飞。手扶兵器，都骑战马，立于阵前。西南方门旗影里，一队军马，红旗白甲。前面一把引军绣旗，上面金销坤卦，下绣飞熊。那把旗招展动处，捧出一员大将，怎生打扮？但见：

　　当先涌出英雄将，赳赳威风添气象。

　　鱼鳞铁甲紧遮身，凤翅金盔拴护项。

　　冲波战马似龙形，开山大斧如弓样。

　　红旗白甲火光飞，正据西南坤位上。

　　号旗上写得分明：“骠骑大将急先锋索超”。左右两员副将，左手是锦毛虎燕顺，右手是铁笛仙马麟。三员大将手持兵器，都骑战马，立于阵前。东北方门旗影里，一队军马，皂旗青甲。前面一把引军绣旗，上面金销艮卦，下绣飞豹。那把旗招展动处，捧出一员大将，怎生结束？但见：

　　虎坐雕鞍胆气昂，弯弓插箭鬼神慌。

　　朱缨银盖遮刀面，绒缕金铃贴马旁。

　　盔顶穰花红错落，甲穿柳叶翠遮藏。

　　皂旗青甲烟云内，东北天山守艮方。

　　号旗上写得分明：“骠骑大将九纹龙史进”。左右两员副将，左手是跳涧虎陈达，右手是白花蛇杨春。三员大将手持兵器，都骑战马，立于阵前。西北方门旗影里，一队军马，白旗黑甲。前面一把引军旗，上面金销乾卦，下绣飞虎。那把旗招展动处，捧出一员大将，怎生打扮？但见：

　　雕鞍玉勒马嘶风，介胄棱层黑雾濛。

　　豹尾壶中银镞箭，飞鱼袋内铁胎弓。

　　甲边翠缕穿双凤，刀面金花嵌小龙。

　　一簇白旗飘黑甲，天门西北是乾宫。

　　号旗上写得分明：“骠骑大将青面兽杨志”。左右两员副将，左手是锦豹子杨林，右手是小霸王周通。三员大将手持兵器，都骑战马，立于阵前。八方摆布的铁桶相似，阵门里马军随马队，步军随步队，各持钢刀大斧，阔剑长枪，旗幡齐整，队伍威严。去那八阵中央，只见团团一遭都是杏黄旗，间着六十四面长脚旗，上面金销六十四卦，亦分四门。南门都是马军。正南上黄旗影里，捧出两员上将，一般结束。怎生披挂？但见：

　　熟铜锣间花腔鼓，簇簇攒攒分队伍。

　　戗金铠甲赭黄袍，剪绒战袄葵花舞。

　　垓心两骑马如龙，阵内一双人似虎。

　　周围绕定杏黄旗，正按中央戊己土。

　　那两员首将都骑黄马，上首是美髯公朱仝，下手是插翅虎雷横。一遭人马尽都是黄旗，黄袍铜甲，黄马黄缨。中央阵四门，东门是金眼彪施恩，西门是白面郎君郑天寿，南门是云里金刚宋万，北门是病大虫薛永。那黄旗中间，立着那面“替天行道”杏黄旗。旗杆上拴着四条绒绳，四个长壮军士晃定。中间马上有那一个守旗的壮士，怎生模样？但见：

　　冠簪鱼尾圈金线，甲皱龙鳞护锦衣。

　　凛凛身躯长一丈，中军守定杏黄旗。

　　这个守旗的壮士便是险道神郁保四。那簇黄旗后，便是一丛炮架，立着那个炮手轰天雷凌振，引着副手二十余人，围绕着炮架。架子后，一带都摆着挠钩套索，准备捉将的器械。挠钩手后，又是一遭杂采旗幡，团团便是七重围子手，四面立着二十八面绣旗，上面销金二十八宿星辰，中间立着一面堆绒绣就、真珠圈边、脚缀金铃、顶插雉尾、鹅黄帅字旗。那一个守旗的壮士怎生模样？但见：

　　铠甲斜拴海兽皮，绛罗巾帻插花枝。

　　茜红袍袄香绵甲，定守中军帅字旗。

　　这个守旗的壮士便是没面目焦挺。去那帅字旗边，设立两个护旗的将士，都骑战马，一般结束。但见：

　　一个战袍披锦绮，一个铠甲绣狻猊。一个稳把骅骝跨，一个能将骏马骑。一个钢枪威气重，一个利剑雪光飞。一个紧护中军帐，一个常依宝纛旗。

　　这两个守护帅旗的壮士，一个是毛头星孔明，一个是独火星孔亮。马前马后，排着二十四个把狼牙棍的铁甲军士。后面两把领战绣旗，两边排着二十四枝方天画戟。左手十二枝画戟丛中，捧着一员骁将，怎生打扮？但见：

　　踞鞍立马天风里，铠甲辉煌光焰起。

　　麒麟束带称狼腰，獬豸吞胸当虎体。

　　冠上明珠嵌晓星，鞘中宝剑藏秋水。

　　方天画戟雪霜寒，风动金钱豹子尾。

　　绣旗上写得分明：“小温候吕方”。那右手十二枝画戟丛中，也捧着一员骁将，怎生打扮？但见：

　　三叉宝冠珠灿烂，两条雉尾锦斓斑。

　　柿红战袄遮银镜，柳绿征裙压绣鞍。

　　束带双跨鱼獭尾，护心甲挂下连环。

　　手持画杆方天戟，飘动金钱五色幡。

　　绣旗上写得分明：“赛仁贵郭盛”。两员将各持画戟，立马两边。画戟中间一簇钢叉，两员步军骁将，一般结束。但见：

　　虎皮磕脑豹皮裩，衬甲衣笼细织金。手内钢叉光闪闪，腰间利剑冷森森。冲剑窟，入刀林。弟兄端的有胸襟。两只盖地包天胆，一对诛龙斩虎人。

　　一个是两头蛇解珍，一个是双尾蝎解宝。弟兄两个各执着三股莲花叉，引着一行步战军士，守护着中军。随后两匹锦鞍马上，两员文士，掌管定赏功罚罪的人。左手那一个怎生打扮？但见：

　　乌纱唐帽通犀带，素白罗襕干皂靴。

　　慷慨胸中藏秀气，纵横笔下走龙蛇。

　　这个乃是梁山泊掌文案的秀士圣手书生萧让。右手那一个怎生打扮？但见：

　　绿纱巾插玉螳螂，香皂罗衫紫带长。

　　为吏敢欺萧相国，声名寰海把名扬。

9. 轻骑qm150-3a

这两款车的厂家都和铃木公司合作.豪爵车相对从做工.性能.要好些.再者,骑起来想省心,你也要爱惜它,保养好它才行哦.

10. 轻骑qm150l-4b车把

葫芦丝是中国云南少数民族管乐之一，其音色优美简单易学，也是学习乐器入门乐器一种，作为我国特色民族代表乐器之一，优美音色优美深受音乐爱好者的喜欢。

认识葫芦丝

葫芦丝基本构造由吹嘴、葫芦、发音管、按键等组成，葫芦丝的主要振动原理为管壁簧片振动产生音色。

1、主管：旋律管。现今流行的葫芦丝的主管，上面开有七个按音孔（前六后一），可发九个全孔音及八个半孔音（或组合孔音），主管背面下方还有一个出音孔和两个穿绳孔。

2、簧片：发声部件，安装在竹管一端。簧舌形状为等腰三角形和长方形两种，材料以铜质为主。

3、附管：辅助（合声）发音管。常见的为两附管各发一单（长）音。短的为高音附管， 发主管第五孔音；长的为低音附管，发主管第一孔音。附管和主管有机的配合可以使音乐更具活力。附管音塞，按住时附管不发音，打开时附管发音。

4、主管尾塞（即仿玉石镶底）：它起到的作用是使低音区的发音更加圆润。

5、 葫芦：葫芦起漏斗作用，气流通过葫芦传递到主管和附管里面。葫芦品种繁多，全国各地均有种植，形状以亚葫芦为佳。

6、卡子：主要作用是起到葫芦丝构造上的稳定，使附管与主管牢牢捆在一起。

7、拆卸功能托：主要作用是起到葫芦与竹管有机的结合，竹管牢牢的插入葫芦内，密封、不漏气。由于此托的使用，竹管可以不用粘死在葫芦上，起到随时拆卸，可利于专业人士及对葫芦丝簧片|发音原理有一定了解的爱好者，进行时时的簧片调整。

葫芦丝音孔

主音管音阶排列（以全按下吹奏作“so1梭5”为例）。

主音管一至七个音孔从下到上依次为“低音mi咪[3]”、“低音sol梭[5]”、“低音la拉[6]”、“低音si西[7]”、“do多[1]”、“re瑞[2]”、“mi咪[3]”、“fa发[4]”、“sol梭[5]”、“la拉[6]”（第七音孔在主管背后上方）。

葫芦丝的音孔发音可以参照下图，图中全封闭涂黑的圆圈表示闭孔，我们用手指按紧音，孔如果是白色的圆圈表示开孔，从第一个到第七个音孔是先后对应的。

1、 七个音孔全部用手指封闭，吹奏葫芦丝的时候用轻缓的气流来吹奏，这个时候发出“低音mi咪[3]”，如果吹奏气流加急后，发出声音“低音sol[5]梭”。

2、前六个音孔用手指封闭音孔，第七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流比较急促，发出“低音la拉[6]”。

3、前五个音孔用手指封闭音孔，第六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流由缓慢转为急促，发出“低音si西[7]”。

4、第一、二、三、四音孔闭孔，第五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流较急，发出“do多[1]”。

5、第一、二、三音孔闭孔，第四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流适中，发出“re瑞[2]”。

6、第一、二音孔闭孔，第三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流适中，发出“mi咪[3]”。

7、第一音孔闭孔，第二音孔开孔状态，其余几个音孔全部闭孔，吹奏时气流比较轻，发出“fa发[4]”。

8、第一音孔闭孔，第二、三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流轻，发出“sol[5]梭”。

9、七个音孔全部呈开孔状态，吹奏时气流比较弱，发出“la拉[6]”。

副音管无按音孔，因此装有簧片的副音管一端插入葫芦主音管左或右两侧，在葫芦丝吹奏时，如将副音管底端软塞取出，装有簧片的副管音就与主管音一同响起，但副管只能发一个音。

葫芦丝音调

常用的葫芦丝有很多调，可以分为高、中、低音三种类型。

1、高音葫芦丝有小f调、小d调、小c调。

2、中音葫芦丝有降B调、A调。

3、低音葫芦丝有大G调、大F调、大降E调、大D调。

初学者以中音葫芦丝降B调为宜，先练习中音和低音，再练习高音，将基础打扎实后，再根据乐曲更换其他调葫芦丝就可以了。

葫芦丝共9个调，分别是从高、中、低音三种类型中分出来的，可以吹出不同的曲调。

葫芦丝种类

1、根据不同的材质要求和制作要求分为：天然葫芦紫竹葫芦丝、黑檀葫芦丝、红檀葫芦丝、胶木葫芦丝等。

2、根据音型分为：单音葫芦丝、双音葫芦丝、三音葫芦丝、加键音葫芦丝等。

3、根据调型（音高）常用的有：C、小D、降B、G、F调等等。

注意：作为初学者我们一般选择树脂葫芦丝，树脂葫芦丝对于初学者来说比较经久耐用，适合初学者入门使用。

选择葫芦丝

选调

葫芦丝有C、小D、bB，G，A，bF，F，大D，大降B等调，最常用的调是C，bB，G，小D，F等调，选择的时候可以试着演奏一下，感受下调子是否在所需要的调子上，并且要注意的是，高音的葫芦丝一般个头较小，吹奏的时候需要的肺活量也较小，但是低音葫芦丝个头就要大一些，吹奏时所需要的肺活量也要大一些。

听声音选择

好的葫芦丝有三个要点，第一个是低音到高音时，比较平稳，音量也较统一，第二，在吹奏前预热10分钟左右，音调基本统一，第三，吹奏时音色比较饱满，低音显得厚实有力，中音圆润柔平，高音明亮醇厚，并且声音的穿透力也很强。

外观

好的葫芦丝一般用的是天然的葫芦和紫竹制成，这种材料制作的葫芦丝透气性较好，而且因素的穿透力也比较强，并且要看葫芦丝上有没有虫眼，有没有疤痕，并且还要没有裂缝，竹子不能有裂痕，管子的粗细大小和颜色都要比例适当。

选择葫芦丝时要从外观，音调，声音上进行选择，这样才能挑选出吹奏动听的优质葫芦丝。

学习葫芦丝

了解了葫芦丝之后就可以开始学习了，学习葫芦丝要先学会姿势和手法。

演奏姿势

1、站立式，就是站着吹奏的姿势，一般在独奏是采用这种姿势，要求身体站立，自然放松成垂直状，两脚稍分开，胸要挺，左手在上右手在下，两臂稍微弯曲，两肘部下垂，管体稍向前，与上身成45度角，切忌过分挺胸和歪斜。

2、坐立式，一般合奏时采用这种姿势，要求身体自然放松地坐在椅子上，两腿稍微分开，身体要正，头要直肩要平，左右手肘部与身体成45度角，切忌过分放松和僵硬。

葫芦丝拿法

1、葫芦丝拿法有两种，一种是左手在上面，一种是右手在上面，练习者可以根据自己的习惯来定。手指和弧度。在那葫芦丝的时候手指一定要自然放松，不要太过紧张，手指弯曲时要有弧度，可以想象掌心握有一个鸡蛋。

2、按孔。一开始可以按顺序一个孔一个孔的按，直到把七个孔全部堵上。注意按孔时一定要用手指肚来按，有很多初学者出现的错误就是，只想着手的弧度而用手尖来按孔。要注意抬手指时不要抬的太高，略高于按音孔就可以了。

初学者一般都是学习筒音作5。简单的来说就是把葫芦丝的七个孔全部堵上发出5音。

练习气息

在吹奏葫芦丝时，气息的运用和控制是非常重要的，控制的好，吹出来的乐声会很动听，对于加强乐曲的表现力起到很大的作用。

发si音练习

在吹奏葫芦丝之前可以先发5~10分钟的时间进行发si音练习，先深深地、放松地吸一口气，然后慢慢地以发si音呼出来，再吸气，重新发si音呼出来，如此循环4~5次。每次吹奏葫芦丝之前进行这样的气息练习，有助于你吹奏时气息的平稳，在吹奏长的曲子时不会出现气不够，漏气的情况。

长音练习

深深地吸一口气，然后慢慢地吹一个长音，吸气的时候气要吸足了，吹气时要均匀平稳，时间长而且是很轻松的状态。找一些练习长音的练习曲来练，每一个练习曲的低音5吹奏时一定要有力，而且吹出来的音要浑厚、丰满。该开始练习长音练习曲时，每一个练习曲坚持练习5~10分钟左右

连音练习

从吹奏葫芦丝的七个音开始练习，先吸一口气，然后不费力地把七个音在一口气内吹完，每个音之间要保持连贯，流畅。再借助连音练习曲进行练习，练习练习曲时，要认真聆听自己吹奏出来的音是否流畅、连贯，乐音是否优美，是否出现吹得不够饱满，漏气的情况。

注意事项

葫芦丝在吹奏低音时气流要强，吹奏高音时气流要缓慢。刚开始练习吹不同的音时，要先从长音（大约四个小节，每小节四拍）开始练习，第一拍要用吐音来吹奏。先从最简单的低音5开始，然后慢慢往上，一边吹奏，一边自己找感觉，记住你最舒服的感觉。可以借助一些练习曲的锻炼自己的气息。

练习手指

手指的灵活运用决定葫芦丝吹奏水平以及演奏效果的重要因素，当我们的气息练好后，可以借助我们专门的手指的练习曲来练习我们手指的灵活性。

一定要多练，一开始的时候速度可以慢一些，当你熟练之后可以加快速度。

练习节奏

吹奏葫芦丝节奏也很重要，建议在吹奏练习曲时，就要严格控制节奏，不能一时快，一时慢。对于节奏感比较弱的朋友，可以一边用脚打节拍，一边吹奏；或者先一边用手打节奏，一边用嘴巴把音唱出来，掌握以后再开始吹奏。又或者下载一个节拍器，跟着节拍器来吹奏。

基础乐理知识

要想学好葫芦丝音乐知识是必不可少的，认识简谱是学好葫芦丝的基础。

葫芦丝乐谱一般都用简谱，除专业演奏人员外，极少用五线谱。

简谱是用阿拉伯数字1、2、3、4、5、6、7来记录音高的一种记谱方法。它简单明了、通俗易懂，在记谱、读谱上有很大的方便。

标记：1、2、3、4、5、6、7

唱法：do 、ri 、 mi、fa、sol 、la 、si ，音的高低：简谱是用在音符上方或下方填写高、低音点的方法来记录音的高低。

记写在音符上面的小圆点叫做高音点。带有一个高音点的音符叫做高音，即表示比中音高八度演奏或演唱。

带有两个高音点的音符叫做倍高音，表示比中音高两个八度演奏或演唱。

记写在音符下面的小圆点是低音点。带有一个低音点的音符叫做低音，表示比中音低八度演奏或演唱。

带有两个低音点的音符叫做倍低音，表示比中音低两个八度演奏或演唱。音符的上下都没有小圆点的音符叫做中音。

除了音的高低外，简谱还有一个重要的因素就是音的长短，简谱音的长短有多种表达方式，如基本的加小横线的方式。

附点是记在音符符头的小圆点，用以增长音符的时值。带有一个点的叫单附点音符，带有两个点的叫复附点音符。

学习葫芦要知道会看简谱的节奏，节奏一般是有节拍组成。

节拍是衡量节奏的单位，在音乐中，有一定强弱分别的一系列拍子在每隔一定时间重复出现。如 2 / 4（四二拍） 、 4 / 4（四四拍） 、 3 / 4（四三拍） 拍等。

单独一个音符不带任何东西的吹一拍，两个音符在一起下边有一条线的话，那么这两个音符吹一拍，一个就是半拍，四个音符在一起下边有两条线的话，那么这四个音符吹一拍，一个就是四分之一拍。

如果音符右边带一个点，后边还有一个音，并且这两个音下边有一条线的话，那么带点的音吹四分之三拍，后边的音吹四分之一拍；如果音符右侧有一个点，下边没有线的话那就吹一拍半，它后边的音吹半拍。

数字后面的横线一条代表这此音延长一拍，下面的横线一条表示此音在一拍的基础上缩小1/2拍。

数字上面的弧线，那个是表示连音，即在弧线下方的所有音符都要连起来吹，不可以断开。

上面是两只老虎简谱，其中红框的节拍，表明弹奏歌曲的节奏，即每一小节为四拍。绿框表示sol的音为长摁两拍。黄框表示一个节拍同时摁两个音，即和弦。

学习方法

教材推荐

没有学过乐理知识，想要自学葫芦丝，就需要购买一些教材，然后跟着教材系统的学习葫芦丝。

《葫芦丝巴乌实用教程》这本书非常适合初学者，从基础到深入系统的介绍了葫芦丝的知识。

《零基础学葫芦丝/零基础学音乐丛书》向各位读者朋友介绍了葫芦丝主要的演奏技法，还为大家搜集整理了部分脍炙人口的适合葫芦丝演奏的歌曲，供大家练习时选用。

网络课程

最新七孔葫芦丝简易入门https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1cQ4y1Z7Wh/?zw

学习指法https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wK411T72s/?zw

小曲子的学习（小星星）https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ei4y1M7tL/?zw

选择好老师

学习葫芦丝如果有老师的指导会简单很多，而且遇到难题也可以随时请教老师，那么我们应该怎么选择老师呢？

选择老师需要注意以下几点：

1、口碑；

大家选择老师的时候还是要注重口碑的，如果身边有周围的朋友在学习葫芦丝，我们不妨参考一下朋友的意见，老师的口碑如果好了，一般教学质量都挺不错的。

2、要去试听课；

葫芦丝课都是可以提前试听的，我们可以参加基础的试听课程，如果你认为老师讲的可以很轻易的听得懂，而且讲的有非常详细，老师人也比较好，那么就可以考虑选择这个老师。

3、学历。

老师的学历也是比较重要的，我们在选择老师的时候可以咨询一下老师是哪里毕业的，如果老师是正规的音乐学校毕业的，那么他学习的知识会更加系统，在教我们的时候条理会特别清楚。

注意事项

在使用葫芦丝的过程中还有一些需要注意的情况，下面就来说下注意事项。

塞子的调整

葫芦丝的塞子使用时间长了可能会被按进去，如果筒音偏高需要塞子往外一些，如果筒音偏低需要把塞子往里塞。具体的安法如下：

1、用开酒器的螺旋钻的尖部，插在塞子的中间，旋转进去，然后轻轻地拉或推，直到“合适”的位置。

2、如果有校音器，而且有校音的相关专业知识，可以吹奏葫芦丝，不断修正塞子的位置，直到每个音都准确为止。

3、如果没有校音器，寻找一支与这支同一调式的葫芦丝，请一个人吹奏，然后不断修正葫芦丝的塞子位置，直到每个音都准确为止。

葫芦丝是云南少数民族使用的乐器之一，由一个完整的天然葫芦、三根竹管和三枚金属簧片制作而成。整个葫芦作为气室，葫芦低部插进三根粗细不同的竹管，竹管上镶有一枚铜质或银质簧片，中间的竹管最粗，上面开着几个音孔，称为主管，两旁是附管，上面只设簧片，不开音孔，只能发出与主管的共鸣的和音。

葫芦丝主管的塞子起的是决定筒音高低的作用，是不能轻易移动的，否则葫芦丝的音高就会发生变化，不准了。

葫芦丝保养

葫芦丝如保养得不当，可能会出现以下几种情况：

1、葫芦内外发霉；

2、主附管破裂；

3、高音不可发音；

4、筒音偏高等。

保养常识

1、不适宜长时间不间断地吹奏；

2、要轻拿轻放，不可猛吹，避免重压、摔打；

3、吹奏过后倒悬挂在相对通风的地方，避免阳光直晒或潮湿；切不可烘烤和在阳光下曝晒；

4、饭后一定要嗽过口以后再吹；

5、专物专用，最好不外借、不借吹，避免簧片变形以及病毒传染；

6、清洁簧片要特别小心。不能用水洗葫芦丝；

7、每天至少吹十几分钟，长期不用最好将各个部件拆卸并妥善保管。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝是中国云南少数民族管乐之一，其音色优美简单易学，也是学习乐器入门乐器一种，作为我国特色民族代表乐器之一，优美音色优美深受音乐爱好者的喜欢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PYOUdQsuGouE8sx6EMjceB3wnTh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"认识葫芦丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WuqMdAGq2oamE0xIJd3cFKCInZf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝基本构造由吹嘴、葫芦、发音管、按键等组成，葫芦丝的主要振动原理为管壁簧片振动产生音色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WYMIdkyEKo2aIGxSexKc3g61nEg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":759,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"认识葫芦丝","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/55c1c1e0b05b436ea49bf288f95bfd6b","width":734},"text":"","id":"AAuYdMiAqoY6EYxgRsicGWlMnac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、主管：旋律管。现今流行的葫芦丝的主管，上面开有七个按音孔（前六后一），可发九个全孔音及八个半孔音（或组合孔音），主管背面下方还有一个出音孔和两个穿绳孔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmcMdMwMwoGIGoxkX6fc6hKnn54"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、簧片：发声部件，安装在竹管一端。簧舌形状为等腰三角形和长方形两种，材料以铜质为主。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IoIgdSKiooO22YxAbWQcj1IWnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、附管：辅助（合声）发音管。常见的为两附管各发一单（长）音。短的为高音附管， 发主管第五孔音；长的为低音附管，发主管第一孔音。附管和主管有机的配合可以使音乐更具活力。附管音塞，按住时附管不发音，打开时附管发音。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JIo6d8sOko2oKCx89RQc9zuKnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"主管尾塞（即仿玉石镶底）","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"：它起到的作用是使低音区的发音更加圆润。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JU8WdKuYioUiwuxETKVcnjWwnhc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":493,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"认识葫芦丝","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8696f361ba8540af99cf76b67950aadd","width":761},"text":"","id":"OqEKdcscmomUs4x5qFPccFa7nnY"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、 葫芦：葫芦起漏斗作用，气流通过葫芦传递到主管和附管里面。葫芦品种繁多，全国各地均有种植，形状以亚葫芦为佳。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XwK8dksCKoO2Gox4bC1ckkk8nPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、卡子：主要作用是起到葫芦丝构造上的稳定，使附管与主管牢牢捆在一起。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W208d0Cm8oSeAMxYlrCcJmS5n0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、拆卸功能托：主要作用是起到葫芦与竹管有机的结合，竹管牢牢的插入葫芦内，密封、不漏气。由于此托的使用，竹管可以不用粘死在葫芦上，起到随时拆卸，可利于专业人士及对葫芦丝簧片|发音原理有一定了解的爱好者，进行时时的簧片调整。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PcqydICSQo4eQaxwTf6ccb9RnBd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音孔 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DEcYdwaA0owgq2xWcTacs8axnPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主音管音阶排列（以全按下吹奏作“so1梭5”为例）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BSYydQAoEosYEix2L55c0kranVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主音管","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"一至七个音孔从下到上依次为","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"“低音mi咪[3]”、“低音sol梭[5]”、“低音la拉[6]”、“低音si西[7]”、“do多[1]”、“re瑞[2]”、“mi咪[3]”、“fa发[4]”、“sol梭[5]”、“la拉[6]”（第七音孔在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"主管背后上方）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QqUsdIC8koGmiKxEnKAc33F9nTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音孔 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七个音孔全部用手指封闭，吹奏葫芦丝的时候用轻缓的气流来吹奏，这个时候发出“低音mi咪[3]”，如果吹奏气流加急后，发出声音“低音sol[5]梭”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Uww6dMGCaoKq8gxGMsXcthWInkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、前六个音孔用手指封闭音孔，第七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流比较急促，发出“低音la拉[6]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGQIdG24AoSqQQx8ZiDcW724ntg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、前五个音孔用手指封闭音孔，第六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流由缓慢转为急促，发出“低音si西[7]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMUIdoE2SoWO82xUjHgcf6jXn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、第一、二、三、四音孔闭孔，第五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流较急，发出“do多[1]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HcYKdEmGkoI0smx2NEBcwn9Ln9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、第一、二、三音孔闭孔，第四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流适中，发出“re瑞[2]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VUoodS6cGoGWqoxcJLdchaGsnsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、第一、二音孔闭孔，第三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流适中，发出“mi咪[3]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LkIWd6MKUo0cUkxyQxIcZxXznYf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、第一音孔闭孔，第二音孔开孔状态，其余几个音孔全部闭孔，吹奏时气流比较轻，发出“fa发[4]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TwIydEmeMoi6Gqxu4z2cpSDKnke"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、第一音孔闭孔，第二、三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态，吹奏时气流轻，发出“sol[5]梭”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EskkdIQAIomiOyxm4VDcIsv0nye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、七个音孔全部呈开孔状态，吹奏时气流比较弱，发出“la拉[6]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Doq8dQkU2o4I0MxmOtZcC0VenJh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音孔 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/899ca92c27694013bbb7e9025673459e","width":937},"text":"","id":"T6qidicUgoqa2Mx0IGucAWSjnCg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"副音管无按音孔，因此装有簧片的副音管一端插入葫芦主音管左或右两侧，在葫芦丝吹奏时，如将副音管底端软塞取出，装有簧片的副管音就与主管音一同响起，但副管只能发一个音。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQ4adWMcsoCYyQxsi79cblvqnXo"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音调","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GWWudm0OWowMAMxfDQbcvhk7nch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常用的葫芦丝有很多调，可以分为高、中、低音三种类型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CAu0d64CooioGSxqoL6ciDBanTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、高音葫芦丝有小f调、小d调、小c调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D2gedCqQsogaeYxP8Agct6L6ncr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、中音葫芦丝有降B调、A调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FECedKC0eoQekmxoLlvcAxcknsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、低音葫芦丝有大G调、大F调、大降E调、大D调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U2CSd8A6cooMSIx83kdcz6WfnMh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初学者以中音葫芦丝降B调为宜，先练习中音和低音，再练习高音，将基础打扎实后，再根据乐曲更换其他调葫芦丝就可以了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pk04dy4SqosAKyxG0wgc3Qqvn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝共9个调，分别是从高、中、低音三种类型中分出来的，可以吹出不同的曲调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XUqmdESeIoeqgUxMdc8c1d2xnhe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝种类 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WoicdkqAco8wUMxwLTUcOv10nnf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、根据不同的材质要求和制作要求分为：天然葫芦紫竹葫芦丝、黑檀葫芦丝、红檀葫芦丝、胶木葫芦丝等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JIigdIwWWo2wkAxiQTDc5rDEn2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、根据音型分为：单音葫芦丝、双音葫芦丝、三音葫芦丝、加键音葫芦丝等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ASGwdqyyuo26IQxSMogcfQFfnUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、根据调型（音高）常用的有：C、小D、降B、G、F调等等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CAqedQWqKoCIoqxK2gHcegdbn6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：作为初学者我们一般选择树脂葫芦丝，树脂葫芦丝对于初学者来说比较经久耐用，适合初学者入门使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XaWedmMM0ooQyMxQbpmc9DNxn2f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":475,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝种类 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a00950efe75429fa250ffaa1631430c","width":968},"text":"","id":"YUYwdiOWwoiY8WxQZxocLXsmnDh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择葫芦丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HGmSdoousoEO2uxU3rlcOLyvn5b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选调","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LKGUd0U2oogYssxIXCQcxfDun2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝有C、小D、bB，G，A，bF，F，大D，大降B等调，最常用的调是C，bB，G，小D，F等调，选择的时候可以试着演奏一下，感受下调子是否在所需要的调子上，并且要注意的是，高音的葫芦丝一般个头较小，吹奏的时候需要的肺活量也较小，但是低音葫芦丝个头就要大一些，吹奏时所需要的肺活量也要大一些。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BwkAdAA4goKSYSxQVpecNAgSn2b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"听声音选择","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TCs8dGKiwoA6OExULHhcCcu6nJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"好的葫芦丝有三个要点，第一个是低音到高音时，比较平稳，音量也较统一，第二，在吹奏前预热10分钟左右，音调基本统一，第三，吹奏时音色比较饱满，低音显得厚实有力，中音圆润柔平，高音明亮醇厚，并且声音的穿透力也很强。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UGesdYmuwoqM2ax2lSycNIC6n9g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"外观","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NoIQdkcekoYCA8xWEBuc0zWNnsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"好的葫芦丝一般用的是天然的葫芦和紫竹制成，这种材料制作的葫芦丝透气性较好，而且因素的穿透力也比较强，并且要看葫芦丝上有没有虫眼，有没有疤痕，并且还要没有裂缝，竹子不能有裂痕，管子的粗细大小和颜色都要比例适当。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0gGdEKwkoU2y8xYBJhcRTxWn5d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择葫芦丝时要从外观，音调，声音上进行选择，这样才能挑选出吹奏动听的优质葫芦丝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KAW2dW26soCuoIxEH3lcLEqWnNg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习葫芦丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N48OdKu22oIc8uxuU4PcAdHinkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"了解了葫芦丝之后就可以开始学习了，学习葫芦丝要先学会姿势和手法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OW2Yd8O6KoekA2xQhzVcp2Qmnxd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"演奏姿势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOSid8M2WoIse0xys9Ncp208nEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、站立式，就是站着吹奏的姿势，一般在独奏是采用这种姿势，要求身体站立，自然放松成垂直状，两脚稍分开，胸要挺，左手在上右手在下，两臂稍微弯曲，两肘部下垂，管体稍向前，与上身成45度角，切忌过分挺胸和歪斜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VmCWdMMu2oEoYGxK45vc2IKlnYb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":569,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"演奏姿势","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47d94801b9774d7aade187f859c545c5","width":592},"text":"","id":"XCIodo2YwoGEkex8VQTcYuSSnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、坐立式，一般合奏时采用这种姿势，要求身体自然放松地坐在椅子上，两腿稍微分开，身体要正，头要直肩要平，左右手肘部与身体成45度角，切忌过分放松和僵硬。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEE8doKYWomoyqxkd7scRQiTnGg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":400,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"演奏姿势","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06a762fa5b084adc84ab2fc80befceca","width":600},"text":"","id":"Hss8dG8AUoACmSx8mDwcp80qnIb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝拿法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KCkqd4UEIoI6QMx44yLcJg0unHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、葫芦丝拿法有两种，一种是左手在上面，一种是右手在上面，练习者可以根据自己的习惯来定。手指和弧度。在那葫芦丝的时候手指一定要自然放松，不要太过紧张，手指弯曲时要有弧度，可以想象掌心握有一个鸡蛋。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZYsMdsuicoSgIQx04LGceTd4nSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":400,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝拿法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6e5db876bd93402ead76b4335543b9ae","width":563},"text":"","id":"BmaUdMEwEoysgMxqmZmcVVELnIc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、按孔。一开始可以按顺序一个孔一个孔的按，直到把七个孔全部堵上。注意按孔时一定要用手指肚来按，有很多初学者出现的错误就是，只想着手的弧度而用手尖来按孔。要注意抬手指时不要抬的太高，略高于按音孔就可以了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZyEmdgSikoa26wxmy5dccvjWnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初学者一般都是学习筒音作5。简单的来说就是把葫芦丝的七个孔全部堵上发出5音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KeGkdE2mOomcGCx0gKrcQOkgnMg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":547,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝拿法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/20386823f96641a1a7f1a9fae743601a","width":843},"text":"","id":"AwW8dOscAoG06uxuST8cqCJfnJf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习气息","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WkQed6062oawMAxA609cAUizn1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在吹奏葫芦丝时，气息的运用和控制是非常重要的，控制的好，吹出来的乐声会很动听，对于加强乐曲的表现力起到很大的作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8qCdoIKooQMsAxkns7c5I3In8d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发si音练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N2UkdsokYokkAexYwH2cNTpLni8"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在吹奏葫芦丝之前可以先发5~10分钟的时间进行发si音练习，先深深地、放松地吸一口气，然后慢慢地以发si音呼出来，再吸气，重新发si音呼出来，如此循环4~5次。每次吹奏葫芦丝之前进行这样的气息练习，有助于你吹奏时气息的平稳，在吹奏长的曲子时不会出现气不够，漏气的情况。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BMWydoOIKoMyGwxqAfdcv81Unse"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":525,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"发si音练习","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2592ebfa2b644e96a32b82009984ee09","width":789},"text":"","id":"UMyIduoaeomSQ6x89HbcEPnnn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"childr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","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QMQkd0usIoQSkYx85DdctV1Dnpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"唱法：do 、ri 、 mi、fa、sol 、la 、si ，音的高低：简谱是用在音符上方或下方填写高、低音点的方法来记录音的高低。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LkkgdW0M0o2sMsxyIZuc7amqnJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"记写在音符上面的小圆点叫做高音点。带有一个高音点的音符叫做高音，即表示比中音高八度演奏或演唱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I2M2d0Gauocyo4xHgMycYH7qngl"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"带有两个高音点的音符叫做倍高音，表示比中音高两个八度演奏或演唱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G2AMd4aymoyYA8xYTm5cGzM2nBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"记写在音符下面的小圆点是低音点。带有一个低音点的音符叫做低音，表示比中音低八度演奏或演唱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqYMdaq2wo60MuxGREtcMqRnnCN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"带有两个低音点的音符叫做倍低音，表示比中音低两个八度演奏或演唱。音符的上下都没有小圆点的音符叫做中音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V86EdoQ68ow0G0x2upqcDaBMnrb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":172,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b20ce645187a433599e02715647ea918","width":620},"text":"","id":"X8A2deWe8o4EEMxuU3gc3Pzkn9W"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了音的高低外，简谱还有一个重要的因素就是音的长短，简谱音的长短有多种表达方式，如基本的加小横线的方式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kw6ud4ogyo60G6x8DDjcV3ONnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":168,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/29d5196f692d4e8f8240ef5be3490eab","width":682},"text":"","id":"HM8mduYyOoE8OuxMNwxcnQIWnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"附点是记在音符符头的小圆点，用以增长音符的时值。带有一个点的叫单附点音符，带有两个点的叫复附点音符。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2UId4QmEou8SaxiyFGcaiVcne5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习葫芦要知道会看简谱的节奏，节奏一般是有节拍组成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LOIodKg4OoQcSOxqOK9crvZ6nwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"节拍是衡量节奏的单位，在音乐中，有一定强弱分别的一系列拍子在每隔一定时间重复出现。如 2 / 4（四二拍） 、 4 / 4（四四拍） 、 3 / 4（四三拍） 拍等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaYqdA8QWoWKAixkxPUcnXsTnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单独一个","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"音符不带任何东西的吹一拍，两个音符在一起下边有一条线的话，那么这两个音符吹一拍，一个就是半拍，四个音符在一起下边有两条线的话，那么这四个音符吹一拍，一个就是四分之一拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GWWkdMcYeoWe0YxOGm2cz6SmnOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果音符右边带一个点，后边还有一个音，并且这两个音下边有一条线的话，那么带点的音吹四分之三拍，后边的音吹四分之一拍；如果音符右侧有一个点，下边没有线的话那就吹一拍半，它后边的音吹半拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FO08dKYqGoy8ESxiNtIcfpDpnoN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"数字后面的横线一条代表这此音延长一拍，下面的横线一条表示此音在一拍的基础上缩小1/2拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LcqEdMgu6oikCGxMXbzcjg2rnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"数字上面的弧线，那个是表示连音，即在弧线下方的所有音符都要连起来吹，不可以断开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RqS8dwAsOog0cGxhmYPcV314nkc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":261,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe71e5f5c58b4abea8fe7475aba825fb","width":440},"text":"","id":"VoyOdSy4yoiK4qxQ18vcBUcvnnp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上面是两只老虎简谱，其中红框的节拍，表明弹奏歌曲的节奏，即每一小节为四拍。绿框表示sol的音为长摁两拍。黄框表示一个节拍同时摁两个音，即和弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IaGGdKMy8oksc6xeORuc4ea0nAe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":466,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/793eb2cc30eb4ab4a9f5141fc17459fd","width":930},"text":"","id":"QaS0duSC8oWE2SxqKGkcoQ7bnad"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FU2Ad6smmoE8q2xc9ZPc7cX6nuQ"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"教材推荐","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuwOdUgWmosEyIxkw3lcBF3cnxd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"没有学过乐理知识，想要自学葫芦丝，就需要购买一些教材，然后跟着教材系统的学习葫芦丝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WGuqdggk0ooymixOMWHcBe5hngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《葫芦丝巴乌实用教程》这本书非常适合初学者，从基础到深入系统的介绍了葫芦丝的知识。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MguedcCoYoSoKgxEnXvcqG2vnJh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":617,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"教材推荐","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d4b1b74234ed418ab35aa66d6c90572b","width":941},"text":"","id":"A286d2cmMocy8SxsRDlcuEHTnlc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《零基础学葫芦丝/零基础学音乐丛书》向各位读者朋友介绍了葫芦丝主要的演奏技法，还为大家搜集整理了部分脍炙人口的适合葫芦丝演奏的歌曲，供大家练习时选用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VwySdCo2AoQC8ExeM09cR7CRnAd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":493,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"教材推荐","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2068e584002344e8be7b1315c515bdea","width":688},"text":"","id":"CqyidcmmUoKa84xO0EFci9W9nAf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"网络课程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QE0kd0G2uosOAuxymMgcOtXPnte"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最新七孔葫芦丝简易入门","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1cQ4y1Z7Wh/?zw"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1cQ4y1Z7Wh/?zw","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ueg4dUcWmo4MYcx89NEc5PBnnCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习指法","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wK411T72s/?zw"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wK411T72s/?zw","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A2OgdGMmSoKS2cxkrSPcdfYnneg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"小曲子的学习（小星星）","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ei4y1M7tL/?zw"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ei4y1M7tL/?zw","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B4QOdCIK2ogyOExEXNVc7lmRn0c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择好老师","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R2IUdoIEComOmyxofibcXleCnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习葫芦丝如果有老师的指导会简单很多，而且遇到难题也可以随时请教老师，那么我们应该怎么选择老师呢？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UIA4duoeUo0cMOxkxN9cQHzVnFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择老师需要注意以下几点：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Au2cdQM0EoQAeyx2fMbcPEVen4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、口碑；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8Qsd0mouogGaIxwFcqcFHj8nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大家选择老师的时候还是要注重口碑的，如果身边有周围的朋友在学习葫芦丝，我们不妨参考一下朋友的意见，老师的口碑如果好了，一般教学质量都挺不错的。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ui0cdYg0Qo0YGUxkJNQcyr5Znsg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、要去试听课；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYmwdI2mMouW2AxMUJHcSr6knhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝课都是可以提前试听的，我们可以参加基础的试听课程，如果你认为老师讲的可以很轻易的听得懂，而且讲的有非常详细，老师人也比较好，那么就可以考虑选择这个老师。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ok2OdMmuyoIU0exEPBDcxkssn7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、学历。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L40gdikKWocEEGxqorRctAJanPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"老师的学历也是比较重要的，我们在选择老师的时候可以咨询一下老师是哪里毕业的，如果老师是正规的音乐学校毕业的，那么他学习的知识会更加系统，在教我们的时候条理会特别清楚。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LsqQdg08Mo0002x4IBBcnX5Tn1e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PsoadEqqAouaGSxKUGBcIgWpnTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在使用葫芦丝的过程中还有一些需要注意的情况，下面就来说下注意事项。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WmsgdMaaCoyIwuxsNbKcYyf9nWc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"塞子的调整","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HW46duomwoo4MExiOCTcVgOYnYb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝的塞子使用时间长了可能会被按进去，如果筒音偏高需要塞子往外一些，如果筒音偏低需要把塞子往里塞。具体的安法如下：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W4KEdc2OAoIk0GxIzEtckpbXnDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、用开酒器的螺旋钻的尖部，插在塞子的中间，旋转进去，然后轻轻地拉或推，直到“合适”的位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KKwwd8uSco0caaxWW86cL8Tin1g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果有校音器，而且有校音的相关专业知识，可以吹奏葫芦丝，不断修正塞子的位置，直到每个音都准确为止。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T04IdC4wso800axy86VcTH5InDg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、如果没有校音器，寻找一支与这支同一调式的葫芦丝，请一个人吹奏，然后不断修正葫芦丝的塞子位置，直到每个音都准确为止。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EiiydGEceoWwAexSbEfcVoaFnk2"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":333,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"塞子的调整","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b38875316a7a445bad88c23fd88cb888","width":500},"text":"","id":"EqKads0wUoIQmuxUxvVcJ4Y7nWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝是云南少数民族使用的乐器之一，由一个完整的天然葫芦、三根竹管和三枚金属簧片制作而成。整个葫芦作为气室，葫芦低部插进三根粗细不同的竹管，竹管上镶有一枚铜质或银质簧片，中间的竹管最粗，上面开着几个音孔，称为主管，两旁是附管，上面只设簧片，不开音孔，只能发出与主管的共鸣的和音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ViqgdqkKYoCSWCxGFlscRbu3nwq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝主管的塞子起的是决定筒音高低的作用，是不能轻易移动的，否则葫芦丝的音高就会发生变化，不准了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CeimdaMIEo42Imx2lcXccSnNneg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝保养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KW8ud4QSAo0GGMxyWjtcd4Y3nuc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝如保养得不当，可能会出现以下几种情况：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TAmQdwsuqoaWMEx67JsclYfLn8C"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、葫芦内外发霉；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RcYSdAyYUoCUIuxkPAocapBhnQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、主附管破裂；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EwkGd8oKeoyY0ixwfqVcjxR9nec"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、高音不可发音；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DUEWdYw4ooqqCmxmX5bcSahXnXG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、筒音偏高等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O4Sad48oyoSs8AxWgN6cQvPuncd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":480,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝保养","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/380c94086eda4f81ba497addf266c424","width":295},"text":"","id":"RqSgdiUGUogASMxWaqIcfM4TnHe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"保养常识","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OyyOdSaCCoiaOIxqnXRcnsrTnib"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、不适宜长时间不间断地吹奏；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NEkQdmE2OogyOMx8dgKcopFEnNg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、要轻拿轻放，不可猛吹，避免重压、摔打；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YYCIdk8SKoqeCCx6iVhckhsgnnr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、吹奏过后倒悬挂在相对通风的地方，避免阳光直晒或潮湿；切不可烘烤和在阳光下曝晒；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS8mdOWCyo8GUaxOOoIcwhsInPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、饭后一定要嗽过口以后再吹；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WumadeY4AogwK0xcTyCcdWRonse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、专物专用，最好不外借、不借吹，避免簧片变形以及病毒传染；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D8EsdSyocoASWyxQlpAcD6pWnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、清洁簧片要特别小心。不能用水洗葫芦丝；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CeCodkGWuokuAgxgj59czDfUnud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、每天至少吹十几分钟，长期不用最好将各个部件拆卸并妥善保管。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIqwdKq4SoC4Icx3R6rcEXlDnHx"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E