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轻骑qm250踏板(轻骑铃木QM250)

309 2022-12-09 00:27 摩托车报价网

1. 轻骑铃木QM250

大多数女性朋友在用PS瘦脸、磨皮上可没少下功夫,很多简直是秉持着精益求精的态度。不得不说,有些图修完以后,在分辨率画质上和美感上还就直接拉升一个档次。那么,一起来看下这些有手就能学的女性P图小技巧吧。

女性P图软件

电脑上修图软件一般选择PS,一般像艺术照、写真等都需要用到PS。手机的话有美图秀秀、美图手机、B612咔叽、美颜相机,这几款既是拍照软件,也是修出美图的自拍神器;美图类软件有Snapseed、天天P图,包含美化图片、自然美妆、疯狂变妆、魔法抠图等模块;还有faceu激萌专拍挫照的图聊软件,还有styler特效,非常适合爱美也爱搞怪的女生们。每张照片都是不同的,大家可以根据实际情况自己加减下参数试试更好。

人像类

作为女性朋友,P图特点主要在于如何快速美白美肤?如何快速瘦腿瘦脸?最主要的是如何做到自然通透?最好是虽然P了图,但是看起来就跟没有P过一样,那才是最成功的P图。因此,这里的女性P图技巧根据女性朋友通常喜欢的类型进行分享。人像类P图软件推荐:

美图秀秀:它是中国最流行的修改美化照片的软件,是一款很好用的免费修改照片的软件,堪称PS的手机版,小白能轻松驾驭。它能自动优化,不懂调整相机参数也不要担心,它还有一键修复图像和一键美化面部的功能;还可以重塑面部,比例、面部形状和面部特征都很好,还可以瘦身和增高,非常适合处理人像图。 

snapseed:这个软件是一款全面的细节修复软件,一般我都是用它来做细节的一些调整跟修改。它特别适用于人像图片的局部调整。做局部修改和调亮,效果真的YYDS。它还包括对比度、白平衡、曝光和高光的参数设置,调整后图像的清晰度不会丢失。

风景类

这类风景片,色彩颜色没有固定的套路,都属于大自然真实的颜色,一般就是画面中既有暖色又有冷色,天空青蓝—冷色,树叶草橙色—暖色,从而形成了冷暖对比,具有视觉冲击力,人眼看起来比较舒适。总结风景的思路特点就是:明暗对比明显,画面细节清晰,强烈的高光阴影冷暖对比,树叶偏红黄,天空偏青蓝,颜色高饱和。风景类修图软件推荐:

vsco:风景类修图软件推荐vsco,这款App的滤镜有很多种,款式也是比较全的,基本的调色工具都有,比较适合修风景照,人文照,而对于一些人像照,因为没有美颜的工具,所以VSCO就不是很适合P一些人像之类的,因为主打还是滤镜嘛!

黄油相机:黄油的滤镜很实用,修风景照片一般我都加的森林滤镜,再加点饱和度,就会很好看!

美食类

许多女性网友也喜欢在微信朋友圈等社交网络分享一些美食的照片,有一些美食照片采用了暖暖的色调看着非常有食欲,也有一些美食照片配合了一些唯美的文字,让美食照片都变得非常小清新。美食类P图软件推荐:

黄油相机:滤镜实用,一键模板。黄油算是我用得最频繁的一个修图软件了,我觉得它的滤镜很实用,用来修食物图片绝绝子。比如食物我一般用青春滤镜。黄油最近更新了一些滤镜,食物的话用新鲜滤镜也很香!

Foodie:Foodie提供24种食物滤镜,包括“肉”、“寿司”、“蛋糕”以及其他令人垂涎的特定佳肴。“绝佳角度”功能,让用户可透过颜色的提醒,准确地将相机水平置于拍照主题的上方,角度准确时会出现黄色“Top”的标示,让影像的呈现就如美食杂志上的食物美照。

电脑P图技巧

工具:现在P图工具非常多,此处用的是电脑、Photoshopcc2019。

调出白皙肤色

修图后感受分享:调出通透白皙肤色效果,调节之后的照片通透度,光感等都还不错,给人的感觉更加的清新自然。我们先来看看效果:

(P图前后对比图)

调出通透白皙肤色效果方法步骤:

1、首先,在ps软件中打开目标图片;如图。

2、复制图片2层,选中需要复制的图层,按下快捷键【Ctrl+J】即可;接下来对图层1拷贝图层使用滤色效果;

3、调整图层1拷贝图层的不透明度,一般调整到50%以下,大家看一下图片是不是变得白皙透亮了?如果不想要背景一起变亮,可以给图层添加蒙版,然后把想要的地方刷出来就好。

改变头发颜色

女性朋友P图时,如果会改变头发颜色,那很加分,那么,如何简单几步改变头发颜色呢?一起来看下吧。

1、打开photoshop软件,将一幅图片拖动到photoshop界面上,用photoshop打开图像文件。

2、点按图层导航栏下方的创建新的填充或调整图层按钮,在弹出的菜单中选择色相饱和度。

3、在弹出的属性对话框中按下图设置参数。

4、选择调整图层的图层蒙版,前景色设置为黑色,点按工具栏中画笔工具。

5、用低硬度画笔在人物脸部闲泛涂抹,得到如下图所示效果。

6、按ctrl+alt+shift+e,得到见图所指向的图层。

7、将图层的混合模式设置为滤色。

8、将图层的不透明度设置为33%

9、按ctrl鼠标点按调整图层蒙版。

10、按ctrl+shift+i反选之后,点按创建新的填充或调整图层按钮,在弹出的菜单中点按亮度对比度。

11、在属性中按如下图设置参数

12、这是调整最终的前后对比效果,看看头发的颜色由黄色变成紫色了。

如何拉长腿部

过程:先用选区工具把要拉长的部分复制到新的图层,然后直接按Ctrl + T 拉长处理,注意不要失真。拉长后再用液化滤镜调整好细节即可。

1、新建选区并拉长腿部最重要的是要处理细致,选择拉伸部分也很关键。本图中,我们先选择女孩大腿根部往下的位置,选择好选区以后,按快捷键Ctrl+J,快速新建选中区域。

2、再运用快捷键Ctrl+T,向下拉伸画面,让女孩整个腿部略微拉长。

3、再次选择女孩腿部,但是这次选择的是女孩膝盖以下,Ctrl+J新建图层。

4、女孩的脚部由于拉伸出画了,我们要扩大画布的高度,图像——画布大小,快捷键是Ctrl+Alt+C。扩大的画布尺寸并不准确,我们需要通过裁切工具(裁剪工具快捷键为C),裁切掉画面多余部分。

5、大概的形态已经确定了,我们要用液化滤镜,点击菜单栏里的”滤镜“,在下拉菜单里就能找到”液化“功能,或者使用快捷键shift+ctrl+X键也可以打开液化对话框。微调一下女孩的腿型,让其看起来更纤细有型。

6、选择收缩工具, 使用快捷键ctrl+t后就能对素材进行缩放了,把女孩的脚腕,膝盖处,略微处理一下,一副美腿就打造完成了。

7、最终效果

美白提亮技巧

步骤:选择绿色通道的高光区域(Ctrl+Alt+2),反选(Ctrl+shirt+I),选中图层(Ctrl+J),选择滤色,完成效果。

上口红小技巧

这个PS小技巧非常简单,学会了,女性朋友会觉得自己拥有了一万只口红,可以天天换一个口红色号,是不是很有意思呢?

1、点击文件-打开-导入图片素材。

2、点击快速选择工具-将人物的嘴唇抠选出来-点击选择并遮住。

3、点击调整边缘画笔工具-调整羽化值到合适位置-点击确定。

4、点击图像-调整-色相饱和度。

5、调整色相上的滑块-选择自己喜欢的颜色,点击确定就可以了。

手机P图技巧

除了电脑修图,现在还流行用手机修图,因为手机不仅便于携带,手机修图APP还更加容易上手。所以作为一名妹纸,手机中必备的修图软件肯定不少,好用的、常用的、贴心的软件会让你每次使用都开心。一起来看下手机修图小技巧吧!

人像美容技巧

修出高级感

对于女孩子来说,其实要说处理人像,美图秀秀基本上能够满足基础的后期需求了,方便又好用。来看一下如何使用美图秀秀修出人像高级感吧,先看一下效果图。

1、打开美图秀秀APP软件,导入我们要修改的人像照片,点击【人像美容】。选择软件最下方功能,右滑动到【磨皮】,选择【手动】,将皮肤上不光滑的部分涂涂抹抹即可。注意:手动进行局部磨皮要避开眼睛、眉毛、鼻孔、嘴巴等部位哦! 如果嫌麻烦,小伙伴们可以选择一键磨皮(选择自动),但建议强度最好不要超过40。

2、脸部的瑕疵没问题后,放大看看图片的小姐姐的眼下稍稍有些皱纹和黑眼圈,点击【祛皱】(也在最下面一行),将眼部放大轻轻涂抹,噔噔噔皱纹消失术。

3、经过前面两步之后,图片的小姐姐已经很好看了,但是对于追求完美的人来说,可以再用一下【面部重塑】功能(也在最下面一行)。这一功能从额头到下巴,脸部的任意位置都能随意调整,仿佛置身于一个3D建模下的捏脸游戏,上手直呼停不下来。

重点是连脸的角度都能调整,整个过程行云流水只用按自己的需求左右滑动,简直堪比ps黑科技。

4、最后,精致的女孩子怎么可以没有妆容的加持呢!吼吼吼,美图秀秀十几款妆容任您挑选。在美图秀秀最下面一行,选择【一键美妆】,左右滑动即可,可以根据五官部位选择妆容,顺带还赠送了华丽定制明星同款妆容哦。

5、一键加上的妆容非常高级不说,妆感也是超级自然,最后保存即可。那修图后画质会不会受损呢?我发现画质几乎可以说是没有损伤,如下图,这下对画质有极高要求的小伙伴们也不用担心了。

打造发量变多

作为女孩子,一个关注点就是发量问题了。U1S1,脱发星人是真滴惨,每次洗头的时候随手一抓就嗖嗖嗖掉一大把。那么现在我们还是选用影像美化鼻祖美图秀秀来举例,教你如何实现简单粗暴的增发技巧,在app里动动手指,就能轻松get女明星同款蓬松发量。

方法一:颅顶比较低的,打开美图秀秀APP软件,点击【人像美容】,找到最下一行【瘦脸瘦身】工具,在这里可以手动把颅顶往外拉高,两侧往外拉宽即可。

方法二:打开美图秀秀,点击【人像美容】,选择要增加发量的照片导入。点击页面最下面一行右滑选择【增发】,可以选择【蓬松】、【刘海】等功能即可。左边选择蓬松状态效果,右边为选择刘海效果。

风格美化技巧

美图秀秀作为一款简单又好用的修图App,除了能人像美容,还拥有实现照片美化的功能。作为资深P图少女,今天我们还是选择万人迷“美图秀秀”,教你如何实现复古港风哦。

如何P出港风

上世纪香港的电影美学深深地影响着一代代年轻人,镜头里的女明星们个个尽显风韵,港风+美人真的是太“港”了。因此一提到香港,大部分人脑海里自觉生成以下关键词:购物天堂、灯火通明、电影、美学AND港风美人!那么就一起看下如何P出港风格调吧。

1、首先导入照片,直出的照片偏灰,因此基础调整里需要着重改善这一步。打开美图秀秀,点击【图片美化】,选择【调色】,选择【亮度】,适时增加照片亮度。进度条的数值同效果成正比,往右增强效果,往左减弱效果。

2、高光是指的画面当中相对较亮的部分,比如皮肤和灯光,降低高光,让画面不至于过亮。 暗部是指的画面当中相对较暗的部分,比如黑色衣服和头发。增加暗部改善的数值,让暗部细节更丰富。点击【图片美化】,选择【调色】,选择【高光】,降低高光;高光右边按钮为【暗部】,增加暗部,这样的操作能让照片有电影感。

3、色温和色调可以决定照片氛围感。点击【图片美化】,选择【调色】,点击【色彩】,选择界面下【色调】,往左偏蓝,往右偏黄,将数值往右边拉,让黄色更浓烈。【色温】界面往左偏绿,往右偏洋红,整体是想要红黄调,因此色温和色调这里都是往右边拉进度条。

4、美图秀秀里的“色调分离”是指的给高光和阴影增加颜色。击【图片美化】,选择【调色】,点击【光效】,点击【高光】上方有六个小圆圈,分别代表的是 红色、橙色、黄色、绿色、蓝色、洋红,洋红有点偏向我们常说的紫色。因为照片红黄色太多,为了让照片色彩沉下去。

5、在基础调整增强之后,击【图片美化】,选择【滤镜】,进入下一个环节。电影-V7滤镜偏红,除此外对照片有柔光功能,让照片看起来更柔和温暖一些,选择合适数值即可,打勾。所有的修图软件都是这样的,滤镜可以叠加使用。选择一个滤镜,确定之后再重新进入到滤镜,就可以选择另外一个滤镜了。需在上一个电影-V7功能之后,这次选择的是质感-ME4,让照片的蓝色深一些,并能增加柔和的噪点。

6、这时候照片基本上完成了,再点击编辑,进入到最后一个步骤【裁剪】。击【图片美化】,选择【编辑】,点击【裁剪】,一般宽幅照片更有场景交代感适合港风,可以选择16:9的比例,当然也可以选择自由裁剪比例。

修出甜美风

糖果色也叫马卡龙色,为什么叫糖果色,或许它看起来比较甜?也许吧,谁知道呢?但是就是很多妹纸喜欢的甜美风色系,那么就来分享一下如何用Snapseed手机修图,60秒修出糖果色甜美人像大片吧。

1、打开Snapseed手机APP软件,导入我们要修改的人像照片到软件中。

2、然后点击下面中间的按扭“工具”菜单,在弹出的对话框里找到“调整图片”工具。

3、接下来我们调整照片亮度,大概+50。

4、减掉了对比度,增加此类照片的轻微朦胧感。对比度-10。

5、饱和度为了提升口红与指甲的色彩纯度,同时加强暖色调的整体饱和。饱和度+5。

6、为了避免照片在后面的调色步骤中出现高光过度的情况,小编这里会提前先减掉一些高光,高光-25。

7、这里加暖色调,让照片整体提升暖色,这样同时让人看着更容易有亲和力,同时为照片加上基础底色。我们知道红色的邻近色有粉色、品红色。所以这样在后面会更容易调出我们想要的粉红浅色临近。调整完,点击右下角的“√”并保存上面的照片效果。

8、接下来点击“工具”找到“曲线”工具,并点击打开。首先点击曲线中的“频道”,然后点击通道中的子选项“亮度”。提升照片的整体亮度。

9、然后再次点击频道,选中绿色曲线,向下拉,我们知道曲线中绿色向下拉是洋红色。这样可以为照片加上粉红色而打下良好的基础。

10、点击红色曲线通道,加强红色效果。

11、然后点击工具菜单,找到局部工具,先在脸部加一个“亮度”点,并用两个手指向内或外滑动控制局部工具的控制范围。然后左右滑动提亮模特头部亮度。

12、然后在胳膊的关节及腿部暗部的关节处再次添加亮度局部工具,然后提升亮度到与身体其他皮肤接近一致。

13、最后再次用曲线工具提升整体亮度,然后可以再用曲线通道中的蓝色曲线提升加些冷色调。不要太多,主要是为了与粉红色相互中和一下。这样看上去会自然一些。

更多小技巧

实现漫画脸

当女孩子想要一个漫画脸当朋友圈头像,那么可以使用styler特效。只要傻瓜式操作,能瞬间实现漫画脸,每一个功能只需要我们上传照片后,就可以得到对应效果的图片,操作很简单。

第一步:打开软件,在首页上方的工具栏中找到【漫画脸】功能,上传图片文件。

第二步:根据原图片的特质选择一个合适的风格,点击图片右下角的按键查看特效转换的前后效果,确认无误后,点击【保存】图片即可。

模糊照片修复

如果照片手抖,拍虚了,失焦了,如何补救?那么styler就是比重拍还清晰的神器,超快速,超稳定哦!让你迅速提升照片清晰度,还原本来的场景。

步骤一:打开软件——在功能首页中找到【老照片修复】功能——上传所需处理的图片文件。

步骤二:待软件自动修复图片——拖动自定义调节键查看修复效果——点击【保存到相册】即可。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"大多数女性朋友在用PS瘦脸、磨皮上可没少下功夫,很多简直是秉持着精益求精的态度。不得不说,有些图修完以后,在分辨率画质上和美感上还就直接拉升一个档次。那么,一起来看下这些有手就能学的女性P图小技巧吧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOuWseKI0wUKAoxAtMz6jCh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"女性P图软件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYSsAcug8Sw2UEtMoH2LPQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑上修图软件一般选择PS,一般像艺术照、写真等都需要用到PS。手机的话有美图秀秀、美图手机、B612咔叽、美颜相机,这几款既是拍照软件,也是修出美图的自拍神器;美图类软件有Snapseed、天天P图,包含美化图片、自然美妆、疯狂变妆、魔法抠图等模块;还有faceu激萌专拍挫照的图聊软件,还有styler特效,非常适合爱美也爱搞怪的女生们。每张照片都是不同的,大家可以根据实际情况自己加减下参数试试更好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniO4yaMq06EaSWecwx7Rrgg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"人像类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnq4yQcwy0OGagCK9lPFf8df"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"作为女性朋友,P图特点主要在于如何快速美白美肤?如何快速瘦腿瘦脸?最主要的是如何做到自然通透?最好是虽然P了图,但是看起来就跟没有P过一样,那才是最成功的P图。因此,这里的女性P图技巧根据女性朋友通常喜欢的类型进行分享。人像类P图软件推荐:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneWS02csQe8EgWQAeKwL2Db"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"美图秀秀:它是中国最流行的修改美化照片的软件,是一款很好用的免费修改照片的软件,堪称PS的手机版,小白能轻松驾驭。它能自动优化,不懂调整相机参数也不要担心,它还有一键修复图像和一键美化面部的功能;还可以重塑面部,比例、面部形状和面部特征都很好,还可以瘦身和增高,非常适合处理人像图。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIWKMmGu8KKAUUXvlbGYjOr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"snapseed:这个软件是一款全面的细节修复软件,一般我都是用它来做细节的一些调整跟修改。它特别适用于人像图片的局部调整。做局部修改和调亮,效果真的YYDS。它还包括对比度、白平衡、曝光和高光的参数设置,调整后图像的清晰度不会丢失。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAIUmqy6YQUGiE5gcpjpMDD"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":257,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"女性P图软件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/48a7d7d7996e466f89125a9c0bcf7f51","width":581},"text":"","id":"doxcn6SimOsIkQ4mUEJgPRrCsId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"风景类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWOGUIuCKSSuq2zpUU3aath"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这类风景片,色彩颜色没有固定的套路,都属于大自然真实的颜色,一般就是画面中既有暖色又有冷色,天空青蓝—冷色,树叶草橙色—暖色,从而形成了冷暖对比,具有视觉冲击力,人眼看起来比较舒适。总结风景的思路特点就是:明暗对比明显,画面细节清晰,强烈的高光阴影冷暖对比,树叶偏红黄,天空偏青蓝,颜色高饱和。风景类修图软件推荐:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2ImaGQGcuGYo6JnwdqoV8b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"vsco:风景类修图软件推荐vsco,这款App的滤镜有很多种,款式也是比较全的,基本的调色工具都有,比较适合修风景照,人文照,而对于一些人像照,因为没有美颜的工具,所以VSCO就不是很适合P一些人像之类的,因为主打还是滤镜嘛!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqwSceCc02WIGmKTJ30B8ig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"黄油相机","id":""},{"type":"text","text":":黄油的滤镜很实用,修风景照片一般我都加的森林滤镜,再加点","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"饱和度","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",就会很好看!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneaiW2QukQEOOoZcxmnL9td"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"女性P图软件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/71b53f99ebec4f749ca1b4ff292c4c33","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnGwAwm024ooCaUJOPgt4SUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"美食类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0imgCCCgKiskwhpEl1IzOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"许多女性网友也喜欢在微信朋友圈等社交网络分享一些美食的照片,有一些美食照片采用了暖暖的色调看着非常有食欲,也有一些美食照片配合了一些唯美的文字,让美食照片都变得非常小清新。美食类P图软件推荐:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngM268oWSiiey0U1qA6Rreb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"黄油相机","id":""},{"type":"text","text":":滤镜实用,一键模板。黄油算是我用得最频繁的一个修图软件了,我觉得它的滤镜很实用,用来修食物图片绝绝子。比如食物我一般用青春滤镜。黄油最近更新了一些滤镜,食物的话用新鲜滤镜也很香!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwsGSQwKIeSGcgDzsghB8gg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Foodie:Foodie提供24种食物滤镜,包括“肉”、“寿司”、“蛋糕”以及其他令人垂涎的特定佳肴。“绝佳角度”功能,让用户可透过颜色的提醒,准确地将相机水平置于拍照主题的上方,角度准确时会出现黄色“Top”的标示,让影像的呈现就如美食杂志上的食物美照。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmIkIMoYKgGqaySAFxBTb5c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":207,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"女性P图软件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/86319868728945dba9dd80f48cbd5451","width":587},"text":"","id":"doxcnUyq0Y8AwSAwsa0GRTzHJQf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑P图技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmaUqCQ6wmASsGwRXJ5eZZd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具:现在P图工具非常多,此处用的是电脑、Photoshopcc2019。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCQmsI4eM0eWqAh1pEYZz3d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"调出白皙肤色","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWo2E2MGOms8ceceQMCcjqh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"修图后感受分享:调出通透白皙肤色效果,调节之后的照片通透度,光感等都还不错,给人的感觉更加的清新自然。我们先来看看效果:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmM0u88Qai0sCsdvuHIczGb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":748,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"调出白皙肤色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/81b536aaad474fc8b6fb919e56151af9","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcn8IQeCoe2WUOmaMV7XBa6Ne"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(P图前后对比图)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYcwuIceEmyYuIBRPQl4gHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"调出通透白皙肤色效果方法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnySqoiU4EOqGCk1g7RWAJ9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、首先,在ps软件中打开目标图片;如图。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWueWaciimmKoeuPPtycwAc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1037,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"调出白皙肤色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3152104afd18484f8caec77806c45ff4","width":756},"text":"","id":"doxcnSmk2kaeomKIg8TrDYmyVtf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、复制图片2层,选中需要复制的图层,按下快捷键【Ctrl+J】即可;接下来对图层1拷贝图层使用滤色效果;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngM8uOUqo8GukcBnScrpjCf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":671,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"调出白皙肤色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e96231f116d64b7a925510c8ee61f396","width":1050},"text":"","id":"doxcnKcCKkO80c6Ogw5HtTqRurh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、调整图层1拷贝图层的不透明度,一般调整到50%以下,大家看一下图片是不是变得白皙透亮了?如果不想要背景一起变亮,可以给图层添加蒙版,然后把想要的地方刷出来就好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqomsUMeQmQC6cPA7gn0jAf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":621,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"调出白皙肤色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/546d9bf1c6d24ec69c5f3df187d5df08","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcnwmyMqkqqu6QaU3WgtoC3Zf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmCyWgkCQykSKC28Ys159Sc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"女性朋友P图时,如果会改变头发颜色,那很加分,那么,如何简单几步改变头发颜色呢?一起来看下吧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQQoI4wQ06iOWq06Cj3TFLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、打开photoshop软件,将一幅图片拖动到photoshop界面上,用photoshop打开图像文件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWso4EkgCqECw6EodXCO71f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":589,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1d5ac7d372254392a42bc2299dae6e23","width":931},"text":"","id":"doxcnqmGuau4CIMMAcJPQelM9ue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、点按图层导航栏下方的创建新的填充或调整图层按钮,在弹出的菜单中选择色相饱和度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniOqYisAQaCqsoLzshhXP3c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":570,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0ce9f2cdb38b4b2fb2290fafcaf0559d","width":677},"text":"","id":"doxcnIWooeCkW0ooKitCQ3leoU9"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、在弹出的属性对话框中按下图设置参数。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmeYeCKGgeCCgghYCAxU9bg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":524,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a5defc243d4b435ab7d0064b33158eff","width":565},"text":"","id":"doxcnQiSsSuImMAaK2DVlTfkWgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、选择调整图层的图层蒙版,前景色设置为黑色,点按工具栏中画笔工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYCo6UsA86yIgMfT2UBEa5e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":595,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/60674ded109044649785796f84a3ff5f","width":722},"text":"","id":"doxcnQiCyuowMCWQKe3d4PiRQlM"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、用低硬度画笔在人物脸部闲泛涂抹,得到如下图所示效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6iKyAkK8KAG6cpDDpV4Zdh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":490,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2172e73fc2544513ba0a9ed8d817667b","width":758},"text":"","id":"doxcn80mWyCEqIAsOc5x7wTCg2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、按ctrl+alt+shift+e,得到见图所指向的图层。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuW60mM6oqSAyIdrKr2XMEd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":515,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0e9edd8def9b4aab87bb25c618e89b93","width":608},"text":"","id":"doxcnOYOIGcgomkOugH0V3eSNrc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、将图层的混合模式设置为滤色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnweEe4YG6eMick31AID5kKf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":558,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a892f912192d4d5cb04a560ec5510e8d","width":648},"text":"","id":"doxcnA2M208YAIu88Q5wKN8nnzh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、将图层的不透明度设置为33%","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ6Imwy4gYM24qqqiPzRNtd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":348,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5554b1da0d3c4e9eb06ce96bef1d951f","width":538},"text":"","id":"doxcn24E2UGogS0ayekWsL5ho7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、按ctrl鼠标点按调整图层蒙版。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnk6K8SmMASgKS696IyeMzfe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":494,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e641ab1e075f41cdbc35db730c3885e7","width":637},"text":"","id":"doxcngE8GicsO2gYsgnfaJwCteh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10、按ctrl+shift+i反选之后,点按创建新的填充或调整图层按钮,在弹出的菜单中点按亮度对比度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngOwcm4ogSECSERqj5Klptg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6ffe8a48746a4af68bbe41e9c1e2b8c1","width":678},"text":"","id":"doxcnoOA4gsaaiQsqURWcEHKpEc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11、在属性中按如下图设置参数","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoo48uk2QWkKE0uxnpuQQXf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":484,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/faf1bed2e615478d86a90b33216a95cc","width":590},"text":"","id":"doxcny0uaKu0EIegOiILVJ06uHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"12、这是调整最终的前后对比效果,看看头发的颜色由黄色变成紫色了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQGCo6k8g0scucrUb6fgMug"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":457,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"改变头发颜色","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/56d35e80b75841c583658ca8af7a04f9","width":693},"text":"","id":"doxcnamCqU6yuomOKITGRM8rQjh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaEs2EGWWUSEyqugUa2JUae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"过程:先用选区工具把要拉长的部分复制到新的图层,然后直接按Ctrl + T 拉长处理,注意不要失真。拉长后再用液化滤镜调整好细节即可。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmG04iiI08eaK48GKNSR51e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":4096,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/05e9aa93507847abb9bcfbba44336bb8","width":4096},"text":"","id":"doxcnsQ2sM8soOOaqIj4R9Pq3nb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、新建选区并拉长腿部最重要的是要处理细致,选择拉伸部分也很关键。本图中,我们先选择女孩大腿根部往下的位置,选择好选区以后,按快捷键Ctrl+J,快速新建选中区域。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny2E8uUuUoeymGpXYRF1Kuf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/81196e7e8bd1470d8f96c4cf19086784","width":870},"text":"","id":"doxcnACIGOYagg88o40G9ycNj2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、再运用快捷键Ctrl+T,向下拉伸画面,让女孩整个腿部略微拉长。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc6wAsIsasUUK40X0iZJK5b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":941,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/afae9e8cf7ae446f97bdbe91d606129f","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcngcY66wq6m2AIOwfonAooMh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、再次选择女孩腿部,但是这次选择的是女孩膝盖以下,Ctrl+J新建图层。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmg2omsw8IsC2IVxFFfXAPc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":985,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1b4bf76136114a1b9f2360840b875e9d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnwQc0aOa6S6WqAJLulOnMid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、女孩的脚部由于拉伸出画了,我们要扩大画布的高度,图像——画布大小,快捷键是Ctrl+Alt+C。扩大的画布尺寸并不准确,我们需要通过裁切工具(裁剪工具快捷键为C),裁切掉画面多余部分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIUQk8cOSK6OGiozcPAKYug"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":985,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/dacd6c7b40a4484083afd3dd4f33718f","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcn68kOc2ImeYisiLZW6aKMUT"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、大概的形态已经确定了,我们要用液化滤镜,点击菜单栏里的”滤镜“,在下拉菜单里就能找到”液化“功能,或者使用快捷键shift+ctrl+X键也可以打开液化对话框。微调一下女孩的腿型,让其看起来更纤细有型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUeeauiKQ8AqEEHp5C1noxe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/deb4dfe01aaf4966afea7556cca73339","width":866},"text":"","id":"doxcnq460gQAUggQWUTBFxt2Slf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、选择收缩工具, 使用快捷键ctrl+t后就能对素材进行缩放了,把女孩的脚腕,膝盖处,略微处理一下,一副美腿就打造完成了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8mKWCm4UMGomEhGz0k9GTe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4d3c63d8c9e648b3b1249e63bd7b088c","width":844},"text":"","id":"doxcnAugYWuS4ACGwCEC7VmY1af"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、最终效果","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA0QUooUSkwmWqmemBEiJEe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何拉长腿部","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4c3b106a9d8c4fe5a79e3c62440ed381","width":678},"text":"","id":"doxcn40gkOOgsq8cEgrP9fyv19b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"美白提亮技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC4i8oKwawEeGikbLsLddBg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"步骤:选择绿色通道的高光区域(Ctrl+Alt+2),反选(Ctrl+shirt+I),选中图层(Ctrl+J),选择滤色,完成效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCg88AAUcmQ0Wf07OfXeCBj"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"美白提亮技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6dc1ae6922e24b35b0c4d903b8ace1b5","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcncMO80MuOAES86x3nsOWyac"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"上口红小技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWiwsG88UEkycuQUVmr0mpd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这个PS小技巧非常简单,学会了,女性朋友会觉得自己拥有了一万只口红,可以天天换一个口红色号,是不是很有意思呢?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWecCmoSwis0iKUvl6jsB2A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、点击文件-打开-导入图片素材。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGiKs20Sss6WeA3L2DFuegh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":716,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"上口红小技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9d34334a727b43eabe7f1b2b12251725","width":1235},"text":"","id":"doxcnuC20SMYiuom0Gk6vT6oWec"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、点击快速选择工具-将人物的嘴唇抠选出来-点击选择并遮住。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE4QwQykmW22gsNZSz5AZtg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":736,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"上口红小技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/94771312f969451c8305750190f27859","width":1206},"text":"","id":"doxcnWGYeOYs8AQgKaC7gDwRiIb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、点击调整边缘画笔工具-调整羽化值到合适位置-点击确定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6kk6UWiIMOw80yDRuCEFCd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":646,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"上口红小技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/223bb53fd9eb45e2b64a4045da2f834e","width":1690},"text":"","id":"doxcnAm4ooeEYcSeosxxSwtf6Mh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、点击图像-调整-色相饱和度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw2MImI8S2syGSs8hhN9gZc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":718,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"上口红小技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0e049998507e44eaa5d1089cd9588cfd","width":1257},"text":"","id":"doxcnAC6S4Oq80CQQ8t8poUY8Vg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、调整色相上的滑块-选择自己喜欢的颜色,点击确定就可以了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnskCuKSueQ6MYAnEWk3RBFd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":692,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"上口红小技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6ae024407b054395a1010e2333232733","width":1449},"text":"","id":"doxcnUEgYOKgsUiQk4HCHqKNY5g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"手机P图技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneKySwYC0SCSUuO9Du5gPEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了电脑修图,现在还流行用手机修图,因为手机不仅便于携带,手机修图APP还更加容易上手。所以作为一名妹纸,手机中必备的修图软件肯定不少,好用的、常用的、贴心的软件会让你每次使用都开心。一起来看下手机修图小技巧吧!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkccQCSIm4S6uqPfL8cQ1B4"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"人像美容技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMMoSISUYi8McHcZdPCAQt4"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncWu0KsIeWEGumsGrzfYVCh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对于女孩子来说,其实要说处理人像,美图秀秀基本上能够满足基础的后期需求了,方便又好用。来看一下如何使用美图秀秀修出人像高级感吧,先看一下效果图。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncikGqoUISCKmQhpejEIlTe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":673,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9318ad2dd5f6432fbcbe2b66b283f2fc","width":891},"text":"","id":"doxcncWAWms6kYQYcmQwMAVk1jh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、打开美图秀秀APP软件,导入我们要修改的人像照片,点击【人像美容】。选择软件最下方功能,右滑动到【磨皮】,选择【手动】,将皮肤上不光滑的部分涂涂抹抹即可。注意:手动进行局部磨皮要避开眼睛、眉毛、鼻孔、嘴巴等部位哦! 如果嫌麻烦,小伙伴们可以选择一键磨皮(选择自动),但建议强度最好不要超过40。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGqwW4MkCsiwM4lBSMjqj1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":639,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3468d3e0684a474f93928d99181b4240","width":360},"text":"","id":"doxcnA6MKQcGcu0ccslBT0b54Xd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"脸部的瑕疵没问题后,放大看看图片的小姐姐的眼下稍稍有些皱纹和黑眼圈,点击【祛皱】(也在最下面一行),将眼部放大轻轻涂抹,噔噔噔皱纹消失术。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEM8MWAsWA8MQULewlstorc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":994,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/35cbc4f4c6864dc2a6046b5ecc4d48e3","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcneqoucSQE6ae6uLDa8MUrhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、经过前面两步之后,图片的小姐姐已经很好看了,但是对于追求完美的人来说,可以再用一下【面部重塑】功能(也在最下面一行)。这一功能从额头到下巴,脸部的任意位置都能随意调整,仿佛置身于一个3D建模下的捏脸游戏,上手直呼停不下来。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Qmiy8WoYcyoodQVj3pbie"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":716,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2673ab8db51642cdaa601eb5a83161e9","width":360},"text":"","id":"doxcnmguI0wK0YeGSwrpxAw3lJb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":994,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fa34847c1dde463c9c0cbf7dedb592ad","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnqe2EGyEeYKWiqsksgLp54h"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"重点是连脸的角度都能调整,整个过程行云流水只用按自己的需求左右滑动,简直堪比ps黑科技。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4uy4Wu64uKQyg32WWHWq0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、最后,精致的女孩子怎么可以没有妆容的加持呢!吼吼吼,美图秀秀十几款妆容任您挑选。在美图秀秀最下面一行,选择【一键美妆】,左右滑动即可,可以根据五官部位选择妆容,顺带还赠送了华丽定制明星同款妆容哦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwqmG2AGcyYs8KUY2icjjDc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":994,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/19c514a2a61d46fda9756749b04a2330","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnW0coAqcmGwIOJlgKJY5rEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、一键加上的妆容非常高级不说,妆感也是超级自然,最后保存即可。那修图后画质会不会受损呢?我发现画质几乎可以说是没有损伤,如下图,这下对画质有极高要求的小伙伴们也不用担心了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK6U2UC48yaQKmYKrUI0LPd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":365,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出高级感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2033897466024870953ab5f49e798c9c","width":1095},"text":"","id":"doxcnKcM02W0iQ0Me0aXTVwEITe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"打造发量变多","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4iyYyEQgo80U8Zic9Gftxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"作为女孩子,一个关注点就是发量问题了。U1S1,脱发星人是真滴惨,每次洗头的时候随手一抓就嗖嗖嗖掉一大把。那么现在我们还是选用影像美化鼻祖美图秀秀来举例,教你如何实现简单粗暴的增发技巧,在app里动动手指,就能轻松get女明星同款蓬松发量。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIu4OOYcmIS2ey481BXnTee"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":660,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"打造发量变多","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/45181fa789be47bdbb115f99125b5d84","width":872},"text":"","id":"doxcnGIGQ60AAmME8eO11yaOzAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"方法一:颅顶比较低的,打开美图秀秀APP软件,点击【人像美容】,找到最下一行【瘦脸瘦身】工具,在这里可以手动把颅顶往外拉高,两侧往外拉宽即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn64IGA6w8QKIo2pmM5J70Pi"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1193,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"打造发量变多","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/95bd8e4c9310488aa53493bf922650c5","width":828},"text":"","id":"doxcnqag2kM020aueKQsjlYA0Xe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"方法二:打开美图秀秀,点击【人像美容】,选择要增加发量的照片导入。点击页面最下面一行右滑选择【增发】,可以选择【蓬松】、【刘海】等功能即可。左边选择蓬松状态效果,右边为选择刘海效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUQUiUQCWs2IU4OAfnc3D1M"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":794,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"打造发量变多","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8eecbbff20c642dea0bb979019092d62","width":360},"text":"","id":"doxcnooyG640kAg8ySMkxe8CaSg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":639,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"打造发量变多","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9bd40b2015484d1382805eeaa0cba42d","width":360},"text":"","id":"doxcn00MsiGK2KakYSJ7DfuwQmb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"风格美化技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmAQyAy0wEUkKkVt7fh8OWd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"美图秀秀","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"作为一款简单又好用的修图App,除了能人像美容,还拥有实现照片美化的功能。作为资深P图少女,今天我们还是选择万人迷“美图秀秀”,教你如何实现复古港风哦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUy60aMK8EAgMc1q7VyfuBh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"如何P出港风","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6MWeKAQgg2iAC4bA1IjPDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上世纪香港的电影美学深深地影响着一代代年轻人,镜头里的女明星们个个尽显风韵,港风+美人真的是太“港”了。因此一提到香港,大部分人脑海里自觉生成以下关键词:购物天堂、灯火通明、电影、美学AND港风美人!那么就一起看下如何P出港风格调吧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMUEm6CEAkYQoOuQqYJ0IO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暗部是指的画面当中相对较暗的部分,比如黑色衣服和头发。增加暗部改善的数值,让暗部细节更丰富。点击【图片美化】,选择【调色】,选择【高光】,降低高光;高光右边按钮为【暗部】,增加暗部,这样的操作能让照片有电影感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0eW6Suw6kE2UyyEa39LhBf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":534,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何P出港风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9d3a13de5cbe4f8bac4dec5a14cbbdba","width":344},"text":"","id":"doxcnaOu6c8oiwi6EAz4bVqWCxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、色温和色调可以决定照片氛围感。点击【图片美化】,选择【调色】,点击【色彩】,选择界面下【色调】,往左偏蓝,往右偏黄,将数值往右边拉,让黄色更浓烈。【色温】界面往左偏绿,往右偏洋红,整体是想要红黄调,因此色温和色调这里都是往右边拉进度条。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyU4QaKU6mSMwEhblBmbTNc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":534,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何P出港风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ee8838cc339445de9b2fde33d6c098b7","width":329},"text":"","id":"doxcnu2CQgkEqCwMgAJ6ViHyM5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、美图秀秀里的“色调分离”是指的给高光和阴影增加颜色。击【图片美化】,选择【调色】,点击【光效】,点击【高光】上方有六个小圆圈,分别代表的是 红色、橙色、黄色、绿色、蓝色、洋红,洋红有点偏向我们常说的紫色。因为照片红黄色太多,为了让照片色彩沉下去。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIs8yIY404SkE4DAnDNKgLg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":470,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何P出港风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/00641992b84141e7bffdb43a0af0b752","width":283},"text":"","id":"doxcn26KY642e8iisG8MZ4GoJde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、在基础调整增强之后,击【图片美化】,选择【滤镜】,进入下一个环节。电影-V7滤镜偏红,除此外对照片有柔光功能,让照片看起来更柔和温暖一些,选择合适数值即可,打勾。所有的修图软件都是这样的,滤镜可以叠加使用。选择一个滤镜,确定之后再重新进入到滤镜,就可以选择另外一个滤镜了。需在上一个电影-V7功能之后,这次选择的是质感-ME4,让照片的蓝色深一些,并能增加柔和的噪点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnimq02iGISckoCIi57OYkjh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":467,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何P出港风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a6aa3980eb7945c8a9f8b34a93ceafcf","width":276},"text":"","id":"doxcnmSkoeUgW2aUcYX4A2xGHzf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、这时候照片基本上完成了,再点击编辑,进入到最后一个步骤【裁剪】。击【图片美化】,选择【编辑】,点击【裁剪】,一般宽幅照片更有场景交代感适合港风,可以选择16:9的比例,当然也可以选择自由裁剪比例。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns4yKQwUy6eKqkDe8tLP0lh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":534,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何P出港风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/845e1cca33374e61ba9cf3a510a1a6ef","width":331},"text":"","id":"doxcnom2iiw0U80ou4yWQ58BSPd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqWoyWskIqk2EInI4w6jpze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"糖果色也叫马卡龙色,为什么叫糖果色,或许它看起来比较甜?也许吧,谁知道呢?但是就是很多妹纸喜欢的甜美风色系,那么就来分享一下如何用Snapseed手机修图,60秒修出糖果色甜美人像大片吧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO62SsYEEsasC4gpNcmA0Te"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":466,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/384492f108114e33aada9b7b6df2c676","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnwuUCe0CiqUgEiyeZ2KlGjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、打开Snapseed手机APP软件,导入我们要修改的人像照片到软件中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIq8s8sMM0SUK9H2Y3BXsKs"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":709,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/dc3b74333a004c308b0af970b0d148bc","width":607},"text":"","id":"doxcnsMaaW2Qgw4kMyU5KpG6sue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、然后点击下面中间的按扭“工具”菜单,在弹出的对话框里找到“调整图片”工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGOwmyUUYkA6K0eVRimFSbd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":758,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d6d02b61b56d4cba9a20700528089fb8","width":478},"text":"","id":"doxcneKKEcCE6G6sOamMt7KIKgf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、接下来我们调整照片亮度,大概+50。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8EemmGWWQEcmA3TwzezGHg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":592,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3ae333a0883640609724d0403cdd3e5b","width":358},"text":"","id":"doxcnK6acUSY6moqCotCjoRU4ud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、减掉了对比度,增加此类照片的轻微朦胧感。对比度-10。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS6QMOWWa2EWsKn0yBhK7SG"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":576,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7b9946a27959495d9de6a3b6059c2e5d","width":473},"text":"","id":"doxcnMeUy6SGESysu2Hd5Zfv84d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、饱和度为了提升口红与指甲的色彩纯度,同时加强暖色调的整体饱和。饱和度+5。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCuIGIaOIUcOG8tMgtp3Kug"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/619842bccde14ff085833cd097fe030c","width":474},"text":"","id":"doxcnWI4Com2qQeECapv5gAiD6O"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、为了避免照片在后面的调色步骤中出现高光过度的情况,小编这里会提前先减掉一些高光,高光-25。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaKMgOaagkUiSAxZdXtV8Gg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":616,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/19680636179c4d1c9cf19eecdab6b174","width":473},"text":"","id":"doxcnOG02CM22wSCcW550wMBvab"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、这里加暖色调,让照片整体提升暖色,这样同时让人看着更容易有亲和力,同时为照片加上基础底色。我们知道红色的邻近色有粉色、品红色。所以这样在后面会更容易调出我们想要的粉红浅色临近。调整完,点击右下角的“√”并保存上面的照片效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOOSs4Sy6qGSgCa1IGyepdh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":599,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2f69c37916ef480f95d5f9643477277f","width":468},"text":"","id":"doxcnAGi4CCw8SMQmwiGs9rPjQ5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、接下来点击“工具”找到“曲线”工具,并点击打开。首先点击曲线中的“频道”,然后点击通道中的子选项“亮度”。提升照片的整体亮度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4w4SgGASEsmQawXvew1bXg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":246,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"修出甜美风","id":""}],"url":"http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2. 轻骑铃木摩托车官网

uu125最早是在2007年7月正式生产上市的。uu125搭载了一颗铃木目前最新的轻量化、低摩擦、优型燃烧室,高效传动、精准闭环电喷等主流技术,和雅马哈的蓝芯技术差不多,也是它能直接面对JOGi的主要原因,结合它的售价,被戏称买发动机送车系列也不过分。然而它的做工细节也并非被它的动力所掩盖,一样符合国际大厂的水准。

3. 轻骑铃木qm250一3l太子论坛视频

轻骑的麒麟太子已停产多年,说明书很难再找到了,而且说明书上的信息也很简略。它有早期的油冷和后期的风冷两种,但实际上这两种发动机都是铃木的GS机技术,与一般的铃木王或钻豹发动机差不多,维修参数可以参考GS125发动机。

4. 轻骑铃木qm250qq多少钱

您好,很高兴能为你解惑,您需要解答的我都写在下面:成熟经典、堪称精品的GN250摩托车,由重庆望江摩托车制造有限公司生产。望江铃木生产GN250是由日本铃木公司授权的,因此GN250全车必须打上铃木标志,这和某些厂家花钱买日本人的标志往自己车上贴的做法有本质的区别。日本铃木在数年前就已停止了GN250的生产,现在GN250的全球订单都已交给望江铃木做,也就是说,目前世界上每一台GN250都是望江铃木生产。同样是因为全球供货的要求,日本铃木不允许望江铃木对GN250做任何结构性修改。

#1 经典的望江铃木GN250 (转帖)

重庆制造:望江铃木GN250

成熟经典、堪称精品的GN250摩托车,由重庆望江摩托车制造有限公司生产。望江铃木生产GN250是由日本铃木公司授权的,因此GN250全车必须打上铃木标志,这和某些厂家花钱买日本人的标志往自己车上贴的做法有本质的区别。日本铃木在数年前就已停止了GN250的生产,现在GN250的全球订单都已交给望江铃木做,也就是说,目前世界上每一台GN250都是望江铃木生产。同样是因为全球供货的要求,日本铃木不允许望江铃木对GN250做任何结构性修改。

GN250性能参数

发动机型式四冲程、单缸、风冷、SOHC四气门,内置平衡轴 排气量249cm3 最大功率14.7KW/7500rpm 起动方式电起动 变速机构5档、常啮合式 油箱容积10L左右(其中备用油2L) 经济油耗2.3L/100KM 点火方式PEI晶体管无触点式 点火角度10°上死点前1700r/min以下,35°死点前3000r/min以上 总长2035mm 总宽835mm 总高1120mm 轴距1350mm 离地间隙160mm 座位高度740mm 净重133kg

传动链520UB或520SU

传动链节数100节 蓄电池12V12Ah或12V11Ah 保险管15A 前照灯12V35W/35W 尾灯/制动灯12V5W/21W 转向灯12V21W 转向指示灯、空挡指示灯、远光指示灯、停车位置灯12V3.4W 里程表照明灯、转速表照明灯12V3.4W 前减震器伸缩式弹簧液压减震 后减震器疏密弹簧式 转向角40° 转弯半径2.4m 主销后倾角59°45′ 主销后倾拖距105mm 前制动器液压盘式 后制动器机械鼓式 前轮轮胎规格3.00S184PR(90/90-18) 后轮轮胎规格4.60S164PR(120/90-16) 发动机润滑油1300mL 前减震器油容量216mL 磁电机结构3相18极 磁电机输出功率>200W 最高车速>115公里/小时 最大爬坡度>22° 制动距离≤6m(30公里/小时) 最大载重量180KG 关于望江铃木和GN250的一些情况说明

1、重庆望江铃木发动机有限公司成立于1993年,其前身为望江机器制造总厂的一部分,1999年由大长江集团接管经营。主要生产各种发动机,专供豪爵整车配套。摩托车产品只有GN250。

2、望江铃木生产GN250是由日本铃木公司授权的,因此GN250全车必须打上铃木标志,这和某些厂家花钱买日本人的标志往自己车上贴的做法有本质的区别。日本铃木在数年前就已停止了GN250的生产,现在GN250的全球订单都已交给望江铃木做,也就是说,目前世界上每一台GN250都是望江铃木生产。同样是因为全球供货的要求,日本铃木不允许望江铃木对GN250做任何结构性修改。

3、因为豪爵已经拥有成熟的全国性销售服务网络,所以大长江不让望江铃木再搞一套自己的销售网络,而是由豪爵负责望江铃木整车的销售和基本服务(复杂一些的服务还是由望江铃木自己派技术人员服务),所以GN250也只能由豪爵的经销商销售。

但现实的情况是,豪爵经销商销售豪爵摩托车的利润比较高,同时豪爵还根据销售任务完成的情况按比例对经销商奖励一定的返点,而望江铃木则没有对GN250的销售进行返点,同时也没有对GN250的销售提出任务要求,这直接导致经销商对望江铃木GN250的销售缺乏热情。加上GN250对豪爵的高端产品(也就是高利润产品,比如GZ125HS)有直接的利益冲突,所以经销商(甚至豪爵各地商务公司)明里暗里抵制GN250也就不足为奇。

4、GN250一直在生产中,从来没有停产过,也没有什么“严重的质量问题”,目前GN250有两种车款,分为单排气的和双排气的,但两者由同一生产线生产,使用的零配件完全相同,质量无任何差比。望江铃木可以接受用户的要求,为其提供所指定的车款。

5、望江铃木从来没有生产过划分A机C机的GN250,同一时期里的GN250都是同样的发动机。只是按时间的推移和价格的调整,车子零配件某些用料会发生变化。

望江铃木的172FMM发动机已经完全国产化,其质量之好在国内还找不到可以之相提并论的。

6、GN250由于主要的销售对象是ZF公务部门和外国用户,所以一直没有全国统一销售价。目前的销售价格各地都不一样,最低的据说10000以下就可以拿到。但不管怎么说,新车价格不可能超过12000,否则就不合理了。如果是早年的库存车,因为使用进口配件的比例不同,价格可能会有差异。

7、望江铃木可以向最终用户直接销售GN250,并负责终身服务。但大长江公司为了保护豪爵经销商的利益,要求望江铃木不准以低于每台13000元的价格销售。这个价格是明显偏高的,所以还是在豪爵各级经销商那里订购更合算一些。

8、想买GN250的朋友,对于豪爵经销商的不合作甚至抵制,可以把情况反映给望江铃木有关人员,联系电话023-67105630,联系人:谢军。同时不要忘记提供自己的姓名和联系方式。这里要注意一点,必须确认是当地的豪爵指定经销商,不要通过其他的经销商订车。对于是否是当地豪爵指定经销商的疑问,可以通过向本省豪爵商务公司了解来求证。

9、由于GN250一直采取以销定产的方式,望江铃木从无存货,因此订购GN250的消费者往往需要半个月甚至更长的时间才能提到车,有特殊要求时这个等待时间还会更长。这点需要大家理解,为此也建议大家在有现货销售时不要错过机会。 10、望江铃木172FMM发动机除用于本公司GN250的装车使用外,目前已知的对外供应仅有望江机器制造总厂“暴风雪”(WJ250E-A)和轻骑公司QM250J警用型两款摩托车装车使用。国内其它声称自己使用的是GN250发动机的摩托车纯属欺骗,请大家不要上当。 PS:望江铃木发动机有限公司提请各位注意,以后称呼望江铃木发动机有限公司的时候请简称望江铃木,而不要叫望江,以便与仍然在生产摩托车产品的望江机器制造总厂(望江摩托车制造公司)区别开来。

如果您满意,请采纳我的建议,谢谢

5. 轻骑铃木摩托车官网车型报价

7980元起

这款车满足题主座椅低,适合跑山的要求没问题,并且跑长途它也能适合,毕竟它的稳定性比较靠谱。而唯一的不足可能就是没有原车大货架,但这种需求完全可以自己改装,所以也没必要过度纠结,因此对这类太子车感兴趣,它也是值得一试的一款车。

6. 轻骑铃木150电喷新款

主要版本不同,一个是国三化油器,一个是国四电喷。其次是调教限速不一样,一个国三可以到115,一个国四只能到95。最后价格不一样,具体商家等原因,国三排放大约6500-8800、国四9580-11200元。

7. 轻骑铃木qm250-3l怎么样

济南轻骑的QM125-3系列用的就是铃木的GS机,仿铃木王机的意思就是发动机型式是一样的,它与铃木王的件都可以通用

准确的说,是仿铃木GS发动机,但在质量上与铃木(如济南铃木和豪爵铃木的同类产品)还是略有差异,不过当时最初引进铃木GS机技术时,就是在济南轻骑生产的,所以它的GS机产品质量性能还是很过硬的。

8. 轻骑铃木摩托车

轻骑铃木是与日本铃木合资组建的品牌,其所有产品全部挂铃木独立商标,车型也都是铃木原版设计开发的型号,质量比较可靠,耐久性好,皮实耐用,而且价格相对合理(与其他同档次的合资品牌),轻骑铃木的产品与其他同型号车型相比,普遍动力性能较好,驾驶操控性能出色,而且服务也比较到位,总的来说缺点就是一些细节处做工不是很精细,但性价比还是很高的。

按现在的国三车型,6000-8000价位区间可以选骏驰系列,驾驶舒适、操控灵活、提速快、油耗合理,价格按配置不同在7000左右,或者是选新铃木王系列也较好,不过价格略高些,经曲款式,皮实耐用,车把加高后舒适性得到了明显改善。

其他品牌这个价位的还有豪爵的钻豹、雅马哈的天戟或YB125Z,五羊本田的锋翔,低配版的锋翼,新大洲本田的超级锐箭、金锋锐或低配版的CBF125等,都是质量性能可靠的车型。

9. 轻骑铃木是正宗铃木吗

在我们国内,轻骑铃木是最正宗的与铃木公司合资生产摩托车的企业,轻骑铃木是最早与日本铃木株式会社合资生产制造摩托车产品,生产的铃木系列产品,是最正宗的铃木系列产品。轻骑铃木生产的每一款摩托车都完全符合日本铃木株式会社对摩托车产品的要求进行出口生产,希望我的回答能够帮助到你。

10. 轻骑铃木qm250警用详细参数

葫芦丝是中国云南少数民族管乐之一,其音色优美简单易学,也是学习乐器入门乐器一种,作为我国特色民族代表乐器之一,优美音色优美深受音乐爱好者的喜欢。

认识葫芦丝

葫芦丝基本构造由吹嘴、葫芦、发音管、按键等组成,葫芦丝的主要振动原理为管壁簧片振动产生音色。

1、主管:旋律管。现今流行的葫芦丝的主管,上面开有七个按音孔(前六后一),可发九个全孔音及八个半孔音(或组合孔音),主管背面下方还有一个出音孔和两个穿绳孔。

2、簧片:发声部件,安装在竹管一端。簧舌形状为等腰三角形和长方形两种,材料以铜质为主。

3、附管:辅助(合声)发音管。常见的为两附管各发一单(长)音。短的为高音附管, 发主管第五孔音;长的为低音附管,发主管第一孔音。附管和主管有机的配合可以使音乐更具活力。附管音塞,按住时附管不发音,打开时附管发音。

4、主管尾塞(即仿玉石镶底):它起到的作用是使低音区的发音更加圆润。

5、 葫芦:葫芦起漏斗作用,气流通过葫芦传递到主管和附管里面。葫芦品种繁多,全国各地均有种植,形状以亚葫芦为佳。

6、卡子:主要作用是起到葫芦丝构造上的稳定,使附管与主管牢牢捆在一起。

7、拆卸功能托:主要作用是起到葫芦与竹管有机的结合,竹管牢牢的插入葫芦内,密封、不漏气。由于此托的使用,竹管可以不用粘死在葫芦上,起到随时拆卸,可利于专业人士及对葫芦丝簧片|发音原理有一定了解的爱好者,进行时时的簧片调整。

葫芦丝音孔

主音管音阶排列(以全按下吹奏作“so1梭5”为例)。

主音管一至七个音孔从下到上依次为“低音mi咪[3]”、“低音sol梭[5]”、“低音la拉[6]”、“低音si西[7]”、“do多[1]”、“re瑞[2]”、“mi咪[3]”、“fa发[4]”、“sol梭[5]”、“la拉[6]”(第七音孔在主管背后上方)。

葫芦丝的音孔发音可以参照下图,图中全封闭涂黑的圆圈表示闭孔,我们用手指按紧音,孔如果是白色的圆圈表示开孔,从第一个到第七个音孔是先后对应的。

1、 七个音孔全部用手指封闭,吹奏葫芦丝的时候用轻缓的气流来吹奏,这个时候发出“低音mi咪[3]”,如果吹奏气流加急后,发出声音“低音sol[5]梭”。

2、前六个音孔用手指封闭音孔,第七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流比较急促,发出“低音la拉[6]”。

3、前五个音孔用手指封闭音孔,第六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流由缓慢转为急促,发出“低音si西[7]”。

4、第一、二、三、四音孔闭孔,第五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流较急,发出“do多[1]”。

5、第一、二、三音孔闭孔,第四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流适中,发出“re瑞[2]”。

6、第一、二音孔闭孔,第三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流适中,发出“mi咪[3]”。

7、第一音孔闭孔,第二音孔开孔状态,其余几个音孔全部闭孔,吹奏时气流比较轻,发出“fa发[4]”。

8、第一音孔闭孔,第二、三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流轻,发出“sol[5]梭”。

9、七个音孔全部呈开孔状态,吹奏时气流比较弱,发出“la拉[6]”。

副音管无按音孔,因此装有簧片的副音管一端插入葫芦主音管左或右两侧,在葫芦丝吹奏时,如将副音管底端软塞取出,装有簧片的副管音就与主管音一同响起,但副管只能发一个音。

葫芦丝音调

常用的葫芦丝有很多调,可以分为高、中、低音三种类型。

1、高音葫芦丝有小f调、小d调、小c调。

2、中音葫芦丝有降B调、A调。

3、低音葫芦丝有大G调、大F调、大降E调、大D调。

初学者以中音葫芦丝降B调为宜,先练习中音和低音,再练习高音,将基础打扎实后,再根据乐曲更换其他调葫芦丝就可以了。

葫芦丝共9个调,分别是从高、中、低音三种类型中分出来的,可以吹出不同的曲调。

葫芦丝种类

1、根据不同的材质要求和制作要求分为:天然葫芦紫竹葫芦丝、黑檀葫芦丝、红檀葫芦丝、胶木葫芦丝等。

2、根据音型分为:单音葫芦丝、双音葫芦丝、三音葫芦丝、加键音葫芦丝等。

3、根据调型(音高)常用的有:C、小D、降B、G、F调等等。

注意:作为初学者我们一般选择树脂葫芦丝,树脂葫芦丝对于初学者来说比较经久耐用,适合初学者入门使用。

选择葫芦丝

选调

葫芦丝有C、小D、bB,G,A,bF,F,大D,大降B等调,最常用的调是C,bB,G,小D,F等调,选择的时候可以试着演奏一下,感受下调子是否在所需要的调子上,并且要注意的是,高音的葫芦丝一般个头较小,吹奏的时候需要的肺活量也较小,但是低音葫芦丝个头就要大一些,吹奏时所需要的肺活量也要大一些。

听声音选择

好的葫芦丝有三个要点,第一个是低音到高音时,比较平稳,音量也较统一,第二,在吹奏前预热10分钟左右,音调基本统一,第三,吹奏时音色比较饱满,低音显得厚实有力,中音圆润柔平,高音明亮醇厚,并且声音的穿透力也很强。

外观

好的葫芦丝一般用的是天然的葫芦和紫竹制成,这种材料制作的葫芦丝透气性较好,而且因素的穿透力也比较强,并且要看葫芦丝上有没有虫眼,有没有疤痕,并且还要没有裂缝,竹子不能有裂痕,管子的粗细大小和颜色都要比例适当。

选择葫芦丝时要从外观,音调,声音上进行选择,这样才能挑选出吹奏动听的优质葫芦丝。

学习葫芦丝

了解了葫芦丝之后就可以开始学习了,学习葫芦丝要先学会姿势和手法。

演奏姿势

1、站立式,就是站着吹奏的姿势,一般在独奏是采用这种姿势,要求身体站立,自然放松成垂直状,两脚稍分开,胸要挺,左手在上右手在下,两臂稍微弯曲,两肘部下垂,管体稍向前,与上身成45度角,切忌过分挺胸和歪斜。

2、坐立式,一般合奏时采用这种姿势,要求身体自然放松地坐在椅子上,两腿稍微分开,身体要正,头要直肩要平,左右手肘部与身体成45度角,切忌过分放松和僵硬。

葫芦丝拿法

1、葫芦丝拿法有两种,一种是左手在上面,一种是右手在上面,练习者可以根据自己的习惯来定。手指和弧度。在那葫芦丝的时候手指一定要自然放松,不要太过紧张,手指弯曲时要有弧度,可以想象掌心握有一个鸡蛋。

2、按孔。一开始可以按顺序一个孔一个孔的按,直到把七个孔全部堵上。注意按孔时一定要用手指肚来按,有很多初学者出现的错误就是,只想着手的弧度而用手尖来按孔。要注意抬手指时不要抬的太高,略高于按音孔就可以了。

初学者一般都是学习筒音作5。简单的来说就是把葫芦丝的七个孔全部堵上发出5音。

练习气息

在吹奏葫芦丝时,气息的运用和控制是非常重要的,控制的好,吹出来的乐声会很动听,对于加强乐曲的表现力起到很大的作用。

发si音练习

在吹奏葫芦丝之前可以先发5~10分钟的时间进行发si音练习,先深深地、放松地吸一口气,然后慢慢地以发si音呼出来,再吸气,重新发si音呼出来,如此循环4~5次。每次吹奏葫芦丝之前进行这样的气息练习,有助于你吹奏时气息的平稳,在吹奏长的曲子时不会出现气不够,漏气的情况。

长音练习

深深地吸一口气,然后慢慢地吹一个长音,吸气的时候气要吸足了,吹气时要均匀平稳,时间长而且是很轻松的状态。找一些练习长音的练习曲来练,每一个练习曲的低音5吹奏时一定要有力,而且吹出来的音要浑厚、丰满。该开始练习长音练习曲时,每一个练习曲坚持练习5~10分钟左右

连音练习

从吹奏葫芦丝的七个音开始练习,先吸一口气,然后不费力地把七个音在一口气内吹完,每个音之间要保持连贯,流畅。再借助连音练习曲进行练习,练习练习曲时,要认真聆听自己吹奏出来的音是否流畅、连贯,乐音是否优美,是否出现吹得不够饱满,漏气的情况。

注意事项

葫芦丝在吹奏低音时气流要强,吹奏高音时气流要缓慢。刚开始练习吹不同的音时,要先从长音(大约四个小节,每小节四拍)开始练习,第一拍要用吐音来吹奏。先从最简单的低音5开始,然后慢慢往上,一边吹奏,一边自己找感觉,记住你最舒服的感觉。可以借助一些练习曲的锻炼自己的气息。

练习手指

手指的灵活运用决定葫芦丝吹奏水平以及演奏效果的重要因素,当我们的气息练好后,可以借助我们专门的手指的练习曲来练习我们手指的灵活性。

一定要多练,一开始的时候速度可以慢一些,当你熟练之后可以加快速度。

练习节奏

吹奏葫芦丝节奏也很重要,建议在吹奏练习曲时,就要严格控制节奏,不能一时快,一时慢。对于节奏感比较弱的朋友,可以一边用脚打节拍,一边吹奏;或者先一边用手打节奏,一边用嘴巴把音唱出来,掌握以后再开始吹奏。又或者下载一个节拍器,跟着节拍器来吹奏。

基础乐理知识

要想学好葫芦丝音乐知识是必不可少的,认识简谱是学好葫芦丝的基础。

葫芦丝乐谱一般都用简谱,除专业演奏人员外,极少用五线谱。

简谱是用阿拉伯数字1、2、3、4、5、6、7来记录音高的一种记谱方法。它简单明了、通俗易懂,在记谱、读谱上有很大的方便。

标记:1、2、3、4、5、6、7

唱法:do 、ri 、 mi、fa、sol 、la 、si ,音的高低:简谱是用在音符上方或下方填写高、低音点的方法来记录音的高低。

记写在音符上面的小圆点叫做高音点。带有一个高音点的音符叫做高音,即表示比中音高八度演奏或演唱。

带有两个高音点的音符叫做倍高音,表示比中音高两个八度演奏或演唱。

记写在音符下面的小圆点是低音点。带有一个低音点的音符叫做低音,表示比中音低八度演奏或演唱。

带有两个低音点的音符叫做倍低音,表示比中音低两个八度演奏或演唱。音符的上下都没有小圆点的音符叫做中音。

除了音的高低外,简谱还有一个重要的因素就是音的长短,简谱音的长短有多种表达方式,如基本的加小横线的方式。

附点是记在音符符头的小圆点,用以增长音符的时值。带有一个点的叫单附点音符,带有两个点的叫复附点音符。

学习葫芦要知道会看简谱的节奏,节奏一般是有节拍组成。

节拍是衡量节奏的单位,在音乐中,有一定强弱分别的一系列拍子在每隔一定时间重复出现。如 2 / 4(四二拍) 、 4 / 4(四四拍) 、 3 / 4(四三拍) 拍等。

单独一个音符不带任何东西的吹一拍,两个音符在一起下边有一条线的话,那么这两个音符吹一拍,一个就是半拍,四个音符在一起下边有两条线的话,那么这四个音符吹一拍,一个就是四分之一拍。

如果音符右边带一个点,后边还有一个音,并且这两个音下边有一条线的话,那么带点的音吹四分之三拍,后边的音吹四分之一拍;如果音符右侧有一个点,下边没有线的话那就吹一拍半,它后边的音吹半拍。

数字后面的横线一条代表这此音延长一拍,下面的横线一条表示此音在一拍的基础上缩小1/2拍。

数字上面的弧线,那个是表示连音,即在弧线下方的所有音符都要连起来吹,不可以断开。

上面是两只老虎简谱,其中红框的节拍,表明弹奏歌曲的节奏,即每一小节为四拍。绿框表示sol的音为长摁两拍。黄框表示一个节拍同时摁两个音,即和弦。

学习方法

教材推荐

没有学过乐理知识,想要自学葫芦丝,就需要购买一些教材,然后跟着教材系统的学习葫芦丝。

《葫芦丝巴乌实用教程》这本书非常适合初学者,从基础到深入系统的介绍了葫芦丝的知识。

《零基础学葫芦丝/零基础学音乐丛书》向各位读者朋友介绍了葫芦丝主要的演奏技法,还为大家搜集整理了部分脍炙人口的适合葫芦丝演奏的歌曲,供大家练习时选用。

网络课程

最新七孔葫芦丝简易入门https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1cQ4y1Z7Wh/?zw

学习指法https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wK411T72s/?zw

小曲子的学习(小星星)https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ei4y1M7tL/?zw

选择好老师

学习葫芦丝如果有老师的指导会简单很多,而且遇到难题也可以随时请教老师,那么我们应该怎么选择老师呢?

选择老师需要注意以下几点:

1、口碑;

大家选择老师的时候还是要注重口碑的,如果身边有周围的朋友在学习葫芦丝,我们不妨参考一下朋友的意见,老师的口碑如果好了,一般教学质量都挺不错的。

2、要去试听课;

葫芦丝课都是可以提前试听的,我们可以参加基础的试听课程,如果你认为老师讲的可以很轻易的听得懂,而且讲的有非常详细,老师人也比较好,那么就可以考虑选择这个老师。

3、学历。

老师的学历也是比较重要的,我们在选择老师的时候可以咨询一下老师是哪里毕业的,如果老师是正规的音乐学校毕业的,那么他学习的知识会更加系统,在教我们的时候条理会特别清楚。

注意事项

在使用葫芦丝的过程中还有一些需要注意的情况,下面就来说下注意事项。

塞子的调整

葫芦丝的塞子使用时间长了可能会被按进去,如果筒音偏高需要塞子往外一些,如果筒音偏低需要把塞子往里塞。具体的安法如下:

1、用开酒器的螺旋钻的尖部,插在塞子的中间,旋转进去,然后轻轻地拉或推,直到“合适”的位置。

2、如果有校音器,而且有校音的相关专业知识,可以吹奏葫芦丝,不断修正塞子的位置,直到每个音都准确为止。

3、如果没有校音器,寻找一支与这支同一调式的葫芦丝,请一个人吹奏,然后不断修正葫芦丝的塞子位置,直到每个音都准确为止。

葫芦丝是云南少数民族使用的乐器之一,由一个完整的天然葫芦、三根竹管和三枚金属簧片制作而成。整个葫芦作为气室,葫芦低部插进三根粗细不同的竹管,竹管上镶有一枚铜质或银质簧片,中间的竹管最粗,上面开着几个音孔,称为主管,两旁是附管,上面只设簧片,不开音孔,只能发出与主管的共鸣的和音。

葫芦丝主管的塞子起的是决定筒音高低的作用,是不能轻易移动的,否则葫芦丝的音高就会发生变化,不准了。

葫芦丝保养

葫芦丝如保养得不当,可能会出现以下几种情况:

1、葫芦内外发霉;

2、主附管破裂;

3、高音不可发音;

4、筒音偏高等。

保养常识

1、不适宜长时间不间断地吹奏;

2、要轻拿轻放,不可猛吹,避免重压、摔打;

3、吹奏过后倒悬挂在相对通风的地方,避免阳光直晒或潮湿;切不可烘烤和在阳光下曝晒;

4、饭后一定要嗽过口以后再吹;

5、专物专用,最好不外借、不借吹,避免簧片变形以及病毒传染;

6、清洁簧片要特别小心。不能用水洗葫芦丝;

7、每天至少吹十几分钟,长期不用最好将各个部件拆卸并妥善保管。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝是中国云南少数民族管乐之一,其音色优美简单易学,也是学习乐器入门乐器一种,作为我国特色民族代表乐器之一,优美音色优美深受音乐爱好者的喜欢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PYOUdQsuGouE8sx6EMjceB3wnTh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"认识葫芦丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WuqMdAGq2oamE0xIJd3cFKCInZf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝基本构造由吹嘴、葫芦、发音管、按键等组成,葫芦丝的主要振动原理为管壁簧片振动产生音色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WYMIdkyEKo2aIGxSexKc3g61nEg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":759,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"认识葫芦丝","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/55c1c1e0b05b436ea49bf288f95bfd6b","width":734},"text":"","id":"AAuYdMiAqoY6EYxgRsicGWlMnac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、主管:旋律管。现今流行的葫芦丝的主管,上面开有七个按音孔(前六后一),可发九个全孔音及八个半孔音(或组合孔音),主管背面下方还有一个出音孔和两个穿绳孔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmcMdMwMwoGIGoxkX6fc6hKnn54"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、簧片:发声部件,安装在竹管一端。簧舌形状为等腰三角形和长方形两种,材料以铜质为主。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IoIgdSKiooO22YxAbWQcj1IWnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、附管:辅助(合声)发音管。常见的为两附管各发一单(长)音。短的为高音附管, 发主管第五孔音;长的为低音附管,发主管第一孔音。附管和主管有机的配合可以使音乐更具活力。附管音塞,按住时附管不发音,打开时附管发音。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JIo6d8sOko2oKCx89RQc9zuKnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"主管尾塞(即仿玉石镶底)","id":""},{"type":"text","text":":它起到的作用是使低音区的发音更加圆润。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JU8WdKuYioUiwuxETKVcnjWwnhc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":493,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"认识葫芦丝","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8696f361ba8540af99cf76b67950aadd","width":761},"text":"","id":"OqEKdcscmomUs4x5qFPccFa7nnY"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、 葫芦:葫芦起漏斗作用,气流通过葫芦传递到主管和附管里面。葫芦品种繁多,全国各地均有种植,形状以亚葫芦为佳。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XwK8dksCKoO2Gox4bC1ckkk8nPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、卡子:主要作用是起到葫芦丝构造上的稳定,使附管与主管牢牢捆在一起。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W208d0Cm8oSeAMxYlrCcJmS5n0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、拆卸功能托:主要作用是起到葫芦与竹管有机的结合,竹管牢牢的插入葫芦内,密封、不漏气。由于此托的使用,竹管可以不用粘死在葫芦上,起到随时拆卸,可利于专业人士及对葫芦丝簧片|发音原理有一定了解的爱好者,进行时时的簧片调整。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PcqydICSQo4eQaxwTf6ccb9RnBd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音孔 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DEcYdwaA0owgq2xWcTacs8axnPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主音管音阶排列(以全按下吹奏作“so1梭5”为例)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BSYydQAoEosYEix2L55c0kranVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主音管","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"一至七个音孔从下到上依次为","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"“低音mi咪[3]”、“低音sol梭[5]”、“低音la拉[6]”、“低音si西[7]”、“do多[1]”、“re瑞[2]”、“mi咪[3]”、“fa发[4]”、“sol梭[5]”、“la拉[6]”(第七音孔在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"主管背后上方)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QqUsdIC8koGmiKxEnKAc33F9nTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音孔 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bd9723d78d1e48e6920659c6ead374fc","width":829},"text":"","id":"QM4udwwiSoEWKYxkXQTcbghUn2d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝的音孔发音可以参照下图,图中全封闭涂黑的圆圈表示闭孔,我们用手指按紧音,孔如果是白色的圆圈表示开孔,从第一个到第七个音孔是先后对应的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DE0ydWaYEoA4EQxaqAUcGfabnye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、 七个音孔全部用手指封闭,吹奏葫芦丝的时候用轻缓的气流来吹奏,这个时候发出“低音mi咪[3]”,如果吹奏气流加急后,发出声音“低音sol[5]梭”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Uww6dMGCaoKq8gxGMsXcthWInkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、前六个音孔用手指封闭音孔,第七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流比较急促,发出“低音la拉[6]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGQIdG24AoSqQQx8ZiDcW724ntg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、前五个音孔用手指封闭音孔,第六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流由缓慢转为急促,发出“低音si西[7]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMUIdoE2SoWO82xUjHgcf6jXn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、第一、二、三、四音孔闭孔,第五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流较急,发出“do多[1]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HcYKdEmGkoI0smx2NEBcwn9Ln9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、第一、二、三音孔闭孔,第四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流适中,发出“re瑞[2]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VUoodS6cGoGWqoxcJLdchaGsnsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、第一、二音孔闭孔,第三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流适中,发出“mi咪[3]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LkIWd6MKUo0cUkxyQxIcZxXznYf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、第一音孔闭孔,第二音孔开孔状态,其余几个音孔全部闭孔,吹奏时气流比较轻,发出“fa发[4]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TwIydEmeMoi6Gqxu4z2cpSDKnke"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、第一音孔闭孔,第二、三、四、五、六、七音孔开孔状态,吹奏时气流轻,发出“sol[5]梭”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EskkdIQAIomiOyxm4VDcIsv0nye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、七个音孔全部呈开孔状态,吹奏时气流比较弱,发出“la拉[6]”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Doq8dQkU2o4I0MxmOtZcC0VenJh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音孔 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/899ca92c27694013bbb7e9025673459e","width":937},"text":"","id":"T6qidicUgoqa2Mx0IGucAWSjnCg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"副音管无按音孔,因此装有簧片的副音管一端插入葫芦主音管左或右两侧,在葫芦丝吹奏时,如将副音管底端软塞取出,装有簧片的副管音就与主管音一同响起,但副管只能发一个音。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQ4adWMcsoCYyQxsi79cblvqnXo"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝音调","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GWWudm0OWowMAMxfDQbcvhk7nch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常用的葫芦丝有很多调,可以分为高、中、低音三种类型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CAu0d64CooioGSxqoL6ciDBanTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、高音葫芦丝有小f调、小d调、小c调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D2gedCqQsogaeYxP8Agct6L6ncr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、中音葫芦丝有降B调、A调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FECedKC0eoQekmxoLlvcAxcknsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、低音葫芦丝有大G调、大F调、大降E调、大D调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U2CSd8A6cooMSIx83kdcz6WfnMh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初学者以中音葫芦丝降B调为宜,先练习中音和低音,再练习高音,将基础打扎实后,再根据乐曲更换其他调葫芦丝就可以了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pk04dy4SqosAKyxG0wgc3Qqvn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝共9个调,分别是从高、中、低音三种类型中分出来的,可以吹出不同的曲调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XUqmdESeIoeqgUxMdc8c1d2xnhe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝种类 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WoicdkqAco8wUMxwLTUcOv10nnf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、根据不同的材质要求和制作要求分为:天然葫芦紫竹葫芦丝、黑檀葫芦丝、红檀葫芦丝、胶木葫芦丝等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JIigdIwWWo2wkAxiQTDc5rDEn2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、根据音型分为:单音葫芦丝、双音葫芦丝、三音葫芦丝、加键音葫芦丝等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ASGwdqyyuo26IQxSMogcfQFfnUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、根据调型(音高)常用的有:C、小D、降B、G、F调等等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CAqedQWqKoCIoqxK2gHcegdbn6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:作为初学者我们一般选择树脂葫芦丝,树脂葫芦丝对于初学者来说比较经久耐用,适合初学者入门使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XaWedmMM0ooQyMxQbpmc9DNxn2f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":475,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝种类 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a00950efe75429fa250ffaa1631430c","width":968},"text":"","id":"YUYwdiOWwoiY8WxQZxocLXsmnDh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择葫芦丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HGmSdoousoEO2uxU3rlcOLyvn5b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选调","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LKGUd0U2oogYssxIXCQcxfDun2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝有C、小D、bB,G,A,bF,F,大D,大降B等调,最常用的调是C,bB,G,小D,F等调,选择的时候可以试着演奏一下,感受下调子是否在所需要的调子上,并且要注意的是,高音的葫芦丝一般个头较小,吹奏的时候需要的肺活量也较小,但是低音葫芦丝个头就要大一些,吹奏时所需要的肺活量也要大一些。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BwkAdAA4goKSYSxQVpecNAgSn2b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"听声音选择","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TCs8dGKiwoA6OExULHhcCcu6nJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"好的葫芦丝有三个要点,第一个是低音到高音时,比较平稳,音量也较统一,第二,在吹奏前预热10分钟左右,音调基本统一,第三,吹奏时音色比较饱满,低音显得厚实有力,中音圆润柔平,高音明亮醇厚,并且声音的穿透力也很强。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UGesdYmuwoqM2ax2lSycNIC6n9g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"外观","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NoIQdkcekoYCA8xWEBuc0zWNnsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"好的葫芦丝一般用的是天然的葫芦和紫竹制成,这种材料制作的葫芦丝透气性较好,而且因素的穿透力也比较强,并且要看葫芦丝上有没有虫眼,有没有疤痕,并且还要没有裂缝,竹子不能有裂痕,管子的粗细大小和颜色都要比例适当。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0gGdEKwkoU2y8xYBJhcRTxWn5d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择葫芦丝时要从外观,音调,声音上进行选择,这样才能挑选出吹奏动听的优质葫芦丝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KAW2dW26soCuoIxEH3lcLEqWnNg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习葫芦丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N48OdKu22oIc8uxuU4PcAdHinkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"了解了葫芦丝之后就可以开始学习了,学习葫芦丝要先学会姿势和手法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OW2Yd8O6KoekA2xQhzVcp2Qmnxd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"演奏姿势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOSid8M2WoIse0xys9Ncp208nEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、站立式,就是站着吹奏的姿势,一般在独奏是采用这种姿势,要求身体站立,自然放松成垂直状,两脚稍分开,胸要挺,左手在上右手在下,两臂稍微弯曲,两肘部下垂,管体稍向前,与上身成45度角,切忌过分挺胸和歪斜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VmCWdMMu2oEoYGxK45vc2IKlnYb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":569,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"演奏姿势","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47d94801b9774d7aade187f859c545c5","width":592},"text":"","id":"XCIodo2YwoGEkex8VQTcYuSSnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、坐立式,一般合奏时采用这种姿势,要求身体自然放松地坐在椅子上,两腿稍微分开,身体要正,头要直肩要平,左右手肘部与身体成45度角,切忌过分放松和僵硬。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEE8doKYWomoyqxkd7scRQiTnGg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":400,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"演奏姿势","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06a762fa5b084adc84ab2fc80befceca","width":600},"text":"","id":"Hss8dG8AUoACmSx8mDwcp80qnIb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝拿法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KCkqd4UEIoI6QMx44yLcJg0unHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、葫芦丝拿法有两种,一种是左手在上面,一种是右手在上面,练习者可以根据自己的习惯来定。手指和弧度。在那葫芦丝的时候手指一定要自然放松,不要太过紧张,手指弯曲时要有弧度,可以想象掌心握有一个鸡蛋。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZYsMdsuicoSgIQx04LGceTd4nSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":400,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝拿法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6e5db876bd93402ead76b4335543b9ae","width":563},"text":"","id":"BmaUdMEwEoysgMxqmZmcVVELnIc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、按孔。一开始可以按顺序一个孔一个孔的按,直到把七个孔全部堵上。注意按孔时一定要用手指肚来按,有很多初学者出现的错误就是,只想着手的弧度而用手尖来按孔。要注意抬手指时不要抬的太高,略高于按音孔就可以了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZyEmdgSikoa26wxmy5dccvjWnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初学者一般都是学习筒音作5。简单的来说就是把葫芦丝的七个孔全部堵上发出5音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KeGkdE2mOomcGCx0gKrcQOkgnMg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":547,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝拿法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/20386823f96641a1a7f1a9fae743601a","width":843},"text":"","id":"AwW8dOscAoG06uxuST8cqCJfnJf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习气息","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WkQed6062oawMAxA609cAUizn1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在吹奏葫芦丝时,气息的运用和控制是非常重要的,控制的好,吹出来的乐声会很动听,对于加强乐曲的表现力起到很大的作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8qCdoIKooQMsAxkns7c5I3In8d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发si音练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N2UkdsokYokkAexYwH2cNTpLni8"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在吹奏葫芦丝之前可以先发5~10分钟的时间进行发si音练习,先深深地、放松地吸一口气,然后慢慢地以发si音呼出来,再吸气,重新发si音呼出来,如此循环4~5次。每次吹奏葫芦丝之前进行这样的气息练习,有助于你吹奏时气息的平稳,在吹奏长的曲子时不会出现气不够,漏气的情况。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BMWydoOIKoMyGwxqAfdcv81Unse"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":525,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"发si音练习","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2592ebfa2b644e96a32b82009984ee09","width":789},"text":"","id":"UMyIduoaeomSQ6x89HbcEPnnn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"长音练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D2E2d2qU8oCOMKxInUIcWPgEnSe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"深深地吸一口气,然后慢慢地吹一个长音,吸气的时候气要吸足了,吹气时要均匀平稳,时间长而且是很轻松的状态。找一些练习长音的练习曲来练,每一个练习曲的低音5吹奏时一定要有力,而且吹出来的音要浑厚、丰满。该开始练习长音练习曲时,每一个练习曲坚持练习5~10分钟左右","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BGQIdO2I4ooaIYxiu6hcxizWnig"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"连音练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ne0odW02OoC8usxaENfczXSZnAb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从吹奏葫芦丝的七个音开始练习,先吸一口气,然后不费力地把七个音在一口气内吹完,每个音之间要保持连贯,流畅。再借助连音练习曲进行练习,练习练习曲时,要认真聆听自己吹奏出来的音是否流畅、连贯,乐音是否优美,是否出现吹得不够饱满,漏气的情况。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pk4UdMMwooIsEOxQhz9cMJ3Xnmd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NwOydk28eok6A0xy6mfc7Kgnnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝在吹奏低音时气流要强,吹奏高音时气流要缓慢。刚开始练习吹不同的音时,要先从长音(大约四个小节,每小节四拍)开始练习,第一拍要用吐音来吹奏。先从最简单的低音5开始,然后慢慢往上,一边吹奏,一边自己找感觉,记住你最舒服的感觉。可以借助一些练习曲的锻炼自己的气息。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ICAyd4uoCoAmgWxgftYcWTZmn4d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习手指","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TaiwdqiOiouSgkx46zeceXEhnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"手指的灵活运用决定葫芦丝吹奏水平以及演奏效果的重要因素,当我们的气息练好后,可以借助我们专门的手指的练习曲来练习我们手指的灵活性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6EgdMAk2ok8AIx0A0CcyaFlnhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一定要多练,一开始的时候速度可以慢一些,当你熟练之后可以加快速度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BMMgdoAeIoiqK6xI45XcrLuYn3N"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":556,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"练习手指","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/93d2043c64dd4111b4c3df4510ba866b","width":848},"text":"","id":"IIYkdmOc8ou8GcxcriIcV27Ynie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习节奏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HuG0dyq8moUysCxwyqhcofsNnFc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吹奏葫芦丝节奏也很重要,建议在吹奏练习曲时,就要严格控制节奏,不能一时快,一时慢。对于节奏感比较弱的朋友,可以一边用脚打节拍,一边吹奏;或者先一边用手打节奏,一边用嘴巴把音唱出来,掌握以后再开始吹奏。又或者下载一个节拍器,跟着节拍器来吹奏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUUudOcaWok8uOxo70SclXvwnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"text":"","id":"REWmdy8eoo8IeoxcZrAcTyHwnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要想学好葫芦丝音乐知识是必不可少的,认识简谱是学好葫芦丝的基础。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cc88dEuugoAaU0xu6KncrAd7nse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝乐谱一般都用简谱,除专业演奏人员外,极少用五线谱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W0mSduusSosuaWxGcFFcqkTwnPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"简谱是用阿拉伯数字1、2、3、4、5、6、7来记录音高的一种记谱方法。它简单明了、通俗易懂,在记谱、读谱上有很大的方便。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KII6dwGOAoUsqwxqwh8cPWFJnGh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"标记:1、2、3、4、5、6、7 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QMQkd0usIoQSkYx85DdctV1Dnpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"唱法:do 、ri 、 mi、fa、sol 、la 、si ,音的高低:简谱是用在音符上方或下方填写高、低音点的方法来记录音的高低。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LkkgdW0M0o2sMsxyIZuc7amqnJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"记写在音符上面的小圆点叫做高音点。带有一个高音点的音符叫做高音,即表示比中音高八度演奏或演唱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I2M2d0Gauocyo4xHgMycYH7qngl"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"带有两个高音点的音符叫做倍高音,表示比中音高两个八度演奏或演唱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G2AMd4aymoyYA8xYTm5cGzM2nBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"记写在音符下面的小圆点是低音点。带有一个低音点的音符叫做低音,表示比中音低八度演奏或演唱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqYMdaq2wo60MuxGREtcMqRnnCN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"带有两个低音点的音符叫做倍低音,表示比中音低两个八度演奏或演唱。音符的上下都没有小圆点的音符叫做中音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V86EdoQ68ow0G0x2upqcDaBMnrb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":172,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b20ce645187a433599e02715647ea918","width":620},"text":"","id":"X8A2deWe8o4EEMxuU3gc3Pzkn9W"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了音的高低外,简谱还有一个重要的因素就是音的长短,简谱音的长短有多种表达方式,如基本的加小横线的方式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kw6ud4ogyo60G6x8DDjcV3ONnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":168,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/29d5196f692d4e8f8240ef5be3490eab","width":682},"text":"","id":"HM8mduYyOoE8OuxMNwxcnQIWnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"附点是记在音符符头的小圆点,用以增长音符的时值。带有一个点的叫单附点音符,带有两个点的叫复附点音符。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2UId4QmEou8SaxiyFGcaiVcne5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习葫芦要知道会看简谱的节奏,节奏一般是有节拍组成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LOIodKg4OoQcSOxqOK9crvZ6nwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"节拍是衡量节奏的单位,在音乐中,有一定强弱分别的一系列拍子在每隔一定时间重复出现。如 2 / 4(四二拍) 、 4 / 4(四四拍) 、 3 / 4(四三拍) 拍等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaYqdA8QWoWKAixkxPUcnXsTnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单独一个","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"音符不带任何东西的吹一拍,两个音符在一起下边有一条线的话,那么这两个音符吹一拍,一个就是半拍,四个音符在一起下边有两条线的话,那么这四个音符吹一拍,一个就是四分之一拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GWWkdMcYeoWe0YxOGm2cz6SmnOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果音符右边带一个点,后边还有一个音,并且这两个音下边有一条线的话,那么带点的音吹四分之三拍,后边的音吹四分之一拍;如果音符右侧有一个点,下边没有线的话那就吹一拍半,它后边的音吹半拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FO08dKYqGoy8ESxiNtIcfpDpnoN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"数字后面的横线一条代表这此音延长一拍,下面的横线一条表示此音在一拍的基础上缩小1/2拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LcqEdMgu6oikCGxMXbzcjg2rnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"数字上面的弧线,那个是表示连音,即在弧线下方的所有音符都要连起来吹,不可以断开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RqS8dwAsOog0cGxhmYPcV314nkc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":261,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe71e5f5c58b4abea8fe7475aba825fb","width":440},"text":"","id":"VoyOdSy4yoiK4qxQ18vcBUcvnnp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上面是两只老虎简谱,其中红框的节拍,表明弹奏歌曲的节奏,即每一小节为四拍。绿框表示sol的音为长摁两拍。黄框表示一个节拍同时摁两个音,即和弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IaGGdKMy8oksc6xeORuc4ea0nAe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":466,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基础乐理知识","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/793eb2cc30eb4ab4a9f5141fc17459fd","width":930},"text":"","id":"QaS0duSC8oWE2SxqKGkcoQ7bnad"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FU2Ad6smmoE8q2xc9ZPc7cX6nuQ"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"教材推荐","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuwOdUgWmosEyIxkw3lcBF3cnxd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"没有学过乐理知识,想要自学葫芦丝,就需要购买一些教材,然后跟着教材系统的学习葫芦丝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WGuqdggk0ooymixOMWHcBe5hngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《葫芦丝巴乌实用教程》这本书非常适合初学者,从基础到深入系统的介绍了葫芦丝的知识。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MguedcCoYoSoKgxEnXvcqG2vnJh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":617,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"教材推荐","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d4b1b74234ed418ab35aa66d6c90572b","width":941},"text":"","id":"A286d2cmMocy8SxsRDlcuEHTnlc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《零基础学葫芦丝/零基础学音乐丛书》向各位读者朋友介绍了葫芦丝主要的演奏技法,还为大家搜集整理了部分脍炙人口的适合葫芦丝演奏的歌曲,供大家练习时选用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VwySdCo2AoQC8ExeM09cR7CRnAd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":493,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"教材推荐","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2068e584002344e8be7b1315c515bdea","width":688},"text":"","id":"CqyidcmmUoKa84xO0EFci9W9nAf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"网络课程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QE0kd0G2uosOAuxymMgcOtXPnte"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最新七孔葫芦丝简易入门","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1cQ4y1Z7Wh/?zw"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1cQ4y1Z7Wh/?zw","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ueg4dUcWmo4MYcx89NEc5PBnnCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习指法","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wK411T72s/?zw"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wK411T72s/?zw","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A2OgdGMmSoKS2cxkrSPcdfYnneg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"小曲子的学习(小星星)","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ei4y1M7tL/?zw"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ei4y1M7tL/?zw","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B4QOdCIK2ogyOExEXNVc7lmRn0c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择好老师","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R2IUdoIEComOmyxofibcXleCnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习葫芦丝如果有老师的指导会简单很多,而且遇到难题也可以随时请教老师,那么我们应该怎么选择老师呢?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UIA4duoeUo0cMOxkxN9cQHzVnFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择老师需要注意以下几点:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Au2cdQM0EoQAeyx2fMbcPEVen4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、口碑;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8Qsd0mouogGaIxwFcqcFHj8nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大家选择老师的时候还是要注重口碑的,如果身边有周围的朋友在学习葫芦丝,我们不妨参考一下朋友的意见,老师的口碑如果好了,一般教学质量都挺不错的。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ui0cdYg0Qo0YGUxkJNQcyr5Znsg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、要去试听课;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYmwdI2mMouW2AxMUJHcSr6knhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝课都是可以提前试听的,我们可以参加基础的试听课程,如果你认为老师讲的可以很轻易的听得懂,而且讲的有非常详细,老师人也比较好,那么就可以考虑选择这个老师。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ok2OdMmuyoIU0exEPBDcxkssn7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、学历。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L40gdikKWocEEGxqorRctAJanPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"老师的学历也是比较重要的,我们在选择老师的时候可以咨询一下老师是哪里毕业的,如果老师是正规的音乐学校毕业的,那么他学习的知识会更加系统,在教我们的时候条理会特别清楚。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LsqQdg08Mo0002x4IBBcnX5Tn1e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PsoadEqqAouaGSxKUGBcIgWpnTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在使用葫芦丝的过程中还有一些需要注意的情况,下面就来说下注意事项。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WmsgdMaaCoyIwuxsNbKcYyf9nWc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"塞子的调整","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HW46duomwoo4MExiOCTcVgOYnYb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝的塞子使用时间长了可能会被按进去,如果筒音偏高需要塞子往外一些,如果筒音偏低需要把塞子往里塞。具体的安法如下:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W4KEdc2OAoIk0GxIzEtckpbXnDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、用开酒器的螺旋钻的尖部,插在塞子的中间,旋转进去,然后轻轻地拉或推,直到“合适”的位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KKwwd8uSco0caaxWW86cL8Tin1g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果有校音器,而且有校音的相关专业知识,可以吹奏葫芦丝,不断修正塞子的位置,直到每个音都准确为止。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T04IdC4wso800axy86VcTH5InDg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、如果没有校音器,寻找一支与这支同一调式的葫芦丝,请一个人吹奏,然后不断修正葫芦丝的塞子位置,直到每个音都准确为止。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EiiydGEceoWwAexSbEfcVoaFnk2"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":333,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"塞子的调整","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b38875316a7a445bad88c23fd88cb888","width":500},"text":"","id":"EqKads0wUoIQmuxUxvVcJ4Y7nWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝是云南少数民族使用的乐器之一,由一个完整的天然葫芦、三根竹管和三枚金属簧片制作而成。整个葫芦作为气室,葫芦低部插进三根粗细不同的竹管,竹管上镶有一枚铜质或银质簧片,中间的竹管最粗,上面开着几个音孔,称为主管,两旁是附管,上面只设簧片,不开音孔,只能发出与主管的共鸣的和音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ViqgdqkKYoCSWCxGFlscRbu3nwq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝主管的塞子起的是决定筒音高低的作用,是不能轻易移动的,否则葫芦丝的音高就会发生变化,不准了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CeimdaMIEo42Imx2lcXccSnNneg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝保养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KW8ud4QSAo0GGMxyWjtcd4Y3nuc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝如保养得不当,可能会出现以下几种情况:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TAmQdwsuqoaWMEx67JsclYfLn8C"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、葫芦内外发霉;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RcYSdAyYUoCUIuxkPAocapBhnQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、主附管破裂;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EwkGd8oKeoyY0ixwfqVcjxR9nec"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、高音不可发音;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DUEWdYw4ooqqCmxmX5bcSahXnXG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、筒音偏高等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O4Sad48oyoSs8AxWgN6cQvPuncd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":480,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"葫芦丝保养","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/380c94086eda4f81ba497addf266c424","width":295},"text":"","id":"RqSgdiUGUogASMxWaqIcfM4TnHe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"保养常识","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OyyOdSaCCoiaOIxqnXRcnsrTnib"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、不适宜长时间不间断地吹奏;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NEkQdmE2OogyOMx8dgKcopFEnNg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、要轻拿轻放,不可猛吹,避免重压、摔打;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YYCIdk8SKoqeCCx6iVhckhsgnnr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、吹奏过后倒悬挂在相对通风的地方,避免阳光直晒或潮湿;切不可烘烤和在阳光下曝晒;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS8mdOWCyo8GUaxOOoIcwhsInPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、饭后一定要嗽过口以后再吹;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WumadeY4AogwK0xcTyCcdWRonse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、专物专用,最好不外借、不借吹,避免簧片变形以及病毒传染;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D8EsdSyocoASWyxQlpAcD6pWnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、清洁簧片要特别小心。不能用水洗葫芦丝;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CeCodkGWuokuAgxgj59czDfUnud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、每天至少吹十几分钟,长期不用最好将各个部件拆卸并妥善保管。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIqwdKq4SoC4Icx3R6rcEXlDnHx"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

11. 轻骑铃木qm250警用

随着现代生活节奏的加快,烘焙食品已经成为一种时尚、营养、高效的消费品。越来越多的人选择去学习烘焙,他们学习的出发点各有不同,有的是为了自己的兴趣爱好,有的是为了想从事这项工作后续就业或开店创业,那么新手小白如何开始学烘焙呢?

烘培必备工具

烤箱:如果自己家里制作,吃的量少,可以先买小烤箱,但是至少也要35L以上的。一定是上下独立控温,最好带热风。不能找特别便宜的,便宜意味着温度不准,加热不均匀。还要搭配烤箱温度计,两个最好,一个也可以。

打蛋器(电动&手动):电动跟手动都要配备。缺一不可。电动尽量买功率大一点的,当然,买烤箱会赠送,也可以凑合用。

刮刀(和刮板):翻拌蛋糕糊等,刮板不同形状,一个套装3-5个就够用了。

硅胶垫:揉面团,做饼干等。案板会粘,硅胶垫防粘。

测量用品:电子秤,最好是精确到0.1g的。量勺、量杯。

筛网:有大小套装,建议选用60-80目的,筛出的面粉更细腻。

各种模具:看你从哪种入门,就先买哪种模具,不用急着一气配齐。

各种碗盆:家里够多就不用另外购置了。

厨师机:这个做面包是必备的,就算拥有麒麟臂,也不如机器揉的好,采购要点就是要大功率,外加静音,买一些主流品牌就行。

常规烘培材料

面粉

中餐一般用到的面粉都是中筋面粉,也是我们普通老百姓接触最多的面粉。家里常做的面条、包子,馒头、烙饼、饺子等等用到的都是中筋面粉。但烘焙中我们最常见的生日蛋糕或者饼干则是要用低筋面粉,吃的面包则要用高筋面粉。

低筋面粉

水份13.8%,蛋白质含量为8.5%以下的面粉。这样的面粉筋度弱,口感绵软蓬松,适合做蛋糕,饼干等酥类的糕点。

中筋面粉

蛋白质含量为9.5~12.0%。这样的面粉一般用于中式的面点制作中,就是我们常见的包子馒头饺子之类的。

高筋面粉

蛋白质含量约12.5~13.5%。这样的面粉筋度高,口感具有韧性,适合做面包之类的糕点。

口感来说,低筋面粉酥脆、绵软;中筋面粉,做面条劲道,做馒头蓬松;高筋面粉,延展性很好,非常劲道有弹性和嚼感。

黄油

黄油是鲜牛奶加工分离出来的固态油脂,营养丰富脂肪含量很高,在口味上分为加盐黄油和原味黄油。黄油的用处很多,做蛋糕、面包、饼干、月饼、网红雪花酥、煎牛排等等都会用到黄油,平时可以多买一些放冰箱冷藏。

淡奶油

淡奶油跟黄油一样是用鲜牛奶提炼出来的,淡奶油的脂肪含量没有黄油高,跟黄油一样也有植物奶油也叫鲜奶油,植物奶油其实就是人造奶油。因为鲜奶油稳定性高,适合裱花,价格便宜所以在普通的蛋糕店里用的基本都是植物奶油。植物奶油非常不利于健康,这也是为什么越来越多的人自己学做烘焙的原因,我们想吃到更健康更营养的美味,而不是一堆“反式脂肪酸”。所以我们在制作烘焙的过程中,请选择动物性淡奶油。

玉米油

在制作蛋糕的时候我们会用到玉米油,很多人问能不能用生菜油?不能,气味大不好吃。建议选择味道较小的色拉油,玉米油。

玉米淀粉

制作蛋糕,饼干等甜点时用,家里常备一些。

吉利丁

吉利丁有粉状的也有片状的,它是作为一种凝固剂来使用,一般慕斯蛋糕中用的比较多,也有网友用QQ糖融化了以后来代替。

抹茶粉、可可粉

在制作抹茶蛋糕或者可可蛋糕时混入蛋糕糊中使用,也可以制作抹茶饼干,可可饼干等。

酵母

面包发酵,比如“安琪酵母”。酵母在使用过程中一定要注意用30度左右的水融化,水温高则酵母死,水温低则酵母未化开,起不了作用。

酵母为活性菌物质,注意开袋后,放在低温干燥处保存,以免失去活性。

糖分为白砂糖、绵砂糖、糖粉。白砂糖就是我们在超市里常见的糖,绵砂糖的颗粒比较细腻,糖粉是粉末状的糖中加入了玉米淀粉,用来做饼干,蛋糕以及装饰。

烘培种类

蛋糕类

以蛋为主要原料,经过搅打充气后膨胀,制品成熟后,清香绵软有弹性。蛋糕类又可分为:清蛋类、油蛋类、复合型蛋糕、生日蛋糕、样品蛋糕。蛋糕制品大都附以装饰,因此是一种富含艺术性的点心。

面包类

面包类是以面粉为主料,以酵母等为辅料的面团经发酵,饧发而烤制成的产品。如点心面包、主食面包、调理面包等。面包的生产需要一个比较暖和的环境,一般室温不低于20℃,产品以甜咸口味为主,包括硬质面包、软质面包、松质面包、脆皮面包。其用途作为三餐主副食均可。

混酥类

混酥类点心是以黄油、面粉、鸡蛋、糖为主料调和成面团或面糊,配以各种辅料,制作而成的一类点心。此类点心不分层,口感酥脆。主要产品有排类、挞类、干点类等,如果酱排、椰丝排、奶油曲奇、拉花饼干等。清酥类

以水面和油面互为表里,经过反复擀叠及冷冻、成型、烘烤等工艺而制成的制品,这种制品具有层次清晰、入口香酥的特点。在烘烤产品中,这类点心很具有特色,很久以来一直受到消费者的青睐。主要产品有酥盒类、果盅类、果排类、酥饼类等,如奶油千层酥、对角包、水果酥盒、苹果排、葡萄苹果盅等。

泡芙类

泡芙也称气鼓。以鸡蛋、油、糖为主料,采用烫制面团,经过挤糊成型,产品成熟后,体积膨胀数倍,因其饼壳松脆缺味,主要依靠馅心来调味。成品经装饰后,精细美观,再配以各色各样的馅料,使产品外脆里糯,绵软香甜,滋润可口,很受消费者的欢迎。

冷冻点心类

冷冻点心一般指以糖、牛奶、鸡蛋、水果、明胶为原料,经搅拌冷冻或冷冻搅拌制作而成的一类甜食,适用于午餐、晚餐的餐后甜食或非用餐时闲食。

巧克力类

指直接使用巧克力或以巧克力为原料,配以奶油、果仁、酒类等调制成的产品。

制作技巧

烘焙初学者升阶之途需遵循由简至难,饼干—蛋糕—西点—面包。

饼干制作

烘焙初学者一般都是会从最容易的饼干下手。饼干非常好的一点便是通过率很高,只需调节好家用烤箱的溫度和時间,取得成功冒着香味的饼干总是能让初学者信心十足。

饼干应该是每个人最爱吃的零食榜单里的前十了!甜的咸的、巧克力味的草莓味的、薄脆的夹心的、硬的软的...总有一款是你的爱。今天就来学习几款常规饼干的做法吧!

蔓越莓饼干

主料:低筋面粉(含蛋配方)110g、黄油(含蛋配方)70g、鸡蛋液(含蛋配方)12g、蔓越莓干(含蛋配方)35g、糖粉(含蛋配方)50g。

辅料:低筋面粉(无蛋配方)185g、黄油(无蛋配方)100g、牛奶(无蛋配方)15ml(14~15g)、蔓越莓干(无蛋配方)50g、糖粉(无蛋配方)75g。

做法步骤:1、黄油切小块,室温软化,稍微搅打几下。

2、加糖粉,继续搅打均匀至颜色变浅,体积膨大(糖粉加进去可以用刮刀和黄油稍微拌几下,不然糖粉容易溅出来~)。

3、将蛋液分2-3次分别加入,确保每加依次鸡蛋液前都搅打均匀。(做无蛋版本的把这个蛋液用牛奶替换哈)

4、将低筋面粉筛入,用刮刀稍微搅拌均匀。

5、蔓越莓干倒入,并搅拌均匀。

6、将面团撮成条放入模具中整形,没有模具的可以直接撮成长条做成圆的,放入冰箱冻约2小时左右,冻硬就好,具体看实际情况哈,别冻太硬会不好切的。

7、好的面团取出,切约7mm的厚片,排入烤盘,放入预热好160度左右的烤箱中烘烤约22-23分钟左右,表面稍稍上色即可,烤好出炉晾凉~(如果怕烤焦,可以把温度改低一点,稍微延长点时间,最后的时间可以自己稍微看着点,也更不容易过火,觉得颜色太浅稍微调高一点温度直至合适就可以了)。

牛奶饼干

主料:无盐黄油80g、糖粉60g、普通面粉115g、玉米淀粉65g、奶粉40g、鸡蛋1个(去壳重约50g)。

做法步骤:

1、无盐黄油软化后加糖粉打至发白,加入鸡蛋搅打均匀。

2、筛入混合粉类(面粉、淀粉、奶粉)拌成团。

3、分成小剂子,搓成球,用叉子按压。

4、垂直之前纹路的方向再按压一次形成格子纹,完成所有生坯,送入预热好170℃的烤箱中烤20分钟即可。

巧克力软曲奇

主料:黄油70g、红糖20g、白砂糖8g、巧克力碎或者巧克力豆10g、热水30ml、低筋面粉100g。

做法步骤:

1、黄油室温软化。红糖10g和热水30ml混合,变成红糖水备用。

2、用打蛋器,打发,边打边加入10g红糖和8g白砂糖。打发到黄油成羽状即可。加入一半红糖水,筛入一半面粉。用橡皮刀拌匀。继续加红糖水和面粉,拌匀成泥状。

3、用裱花袋挤出圆形面糊,用勺子压扁。成4cm左右,两块饼干中间留足空隙。等下还会看膨胀。

4、上下火180°,12分钟左右。

红糖燕麦饼干

食材:植物油40g、红糖30g、水50ml、燕麦片100g、低筋面粉80g、黑芝麻25g、椰蓉25g。

做法步骤:

1、红糖用50毫升热开水融化。

2、低筋面粉过筛,和黑芝麻、椰蓉以及燕麦混合均匀好。

3、所有的食材放在一起,混合均匀至没有干面粉。

4、烤盘上面铺上锡纸,把面粉团压扁,大概0.5厘米的厚度。

5、烤箱180度中层,上下火15分钟,出炉冷却后就能吃啦,味道超级好。

咖啡核桃饼干

食材:三合一速溶咖啡粉2勺、植物油5g、低筋面粉120g、红糖30g、泡打粉0.5g、核桃50g、全蛋液60g。

做法步骤:

1、核桃去壳后对半掰开,不要弄碎。

2、红糖压细一点,把所有的食材混合均匀,揉至没有一点干面。

3、把揉好的面团揉成如图所示的形状,有点像欧包吧哈哈,放入冰箱冷冻1小时左右。

4、取出面团,切成1厘米左右厚的饼干片,放入烤箱175度25-30分钟即可,香香的带着坚果味好棒。

玛格丽特饼干

食材:低筋面粉50g、红薯淀粉50g、无盐黄油40g、鸡蛋液10g、盐0.5g、鸡蛋黄1个、糖粉20g。

做法步骤:

1、红薯粉和低筋面粉过筛,加入糖粉,黄油室温软化或者隔水融化。

2、一个鸡蛋煮熟以后(大概中火10分钟),取出蛋黄,用拇指按压蛋黄过筛,过筛以后还真是蛮漂亮的嘛。

3、把黄油、打散的鸡蛋液以及盐混合均匀,放入冰箱冷藏1小时。

4、冷藏一小时后取出面团,会有一点硬,不要担心,把面团分成小块揉一下就软了,再慢慢搓成小球。

5、趁小球还比较柔软的时候用大拇指压成饼,裂的不均匀或者不好看可以重新压一下。

6、放入烤箱170度上下火中层烤15分钟搞定。

红茶饼干

食材:低筋面粉115g、无盐黄油65g、鸡蛋液15g、红茶碎7g、泡打粉1g、细砂糖35g。

做法步骤:

1、红茶用搅拌机打碎。

2、粉类过筛后,把所有食材混合均匀至没有干面粉。

3、把面团放入冷冻室1小时后切片,0.8厘米左右,入烤箱中层180度15分钟。

4、茶叶的清香味有点头疼的时候闻着真的很舒服啊,超级喜欢。

注意事项

烤箱预热

烤箱一定要预热,烤箱在烘烤之前,必须提前将温度旋钮调至需要的温度,打开开关空烧一段时间,使产品进入烤箱时就能达到所需要的温度。烤箱预热的动作,可使饼干面团迅速定型,并且也能保持较好的口感。烤箱预热是非常重要的烘焙常识,一定不要忘记。烤箱的容积越大,所需的预热时间就越长,大约5-10分钟不等。

面糊的拌和

当所有的粉类全部过筛到黄油糊中以后,用橡皮刮刀要以不规则的方向来切拌、翻拌面糊,或是从下往上翻拌的形式。不要画圈搅拌,以免产生过多的面筋。

正确的烘烤方式

烘烤前,烤箱需要预热到指定的温度,一般5-8分钟即可。这样会让饼干在入烤箱的瞬间达到指定的烘烤温度,让饼干瞬间膨胀,口感形状都更好。出炉后的饼干放凉后,如果还是没有酥脆的口感,或者感觉中间发软,那就是时间还不够,可用150度的温度再烤几分钟。

少量多次加蛋液

油水不分离大家或许会认为材料一次通通加入搅拌似乎比较省事,其实,有些材料是必须少量多次的与其他材料混合才更好。比如在黄油和糖混合打松发之后,鸡蛋需先打散成蛋液后再分2-4次加入,而且每加入一次都要使蛋液充分的被黄油吸收完全后再加入下一次。因为一个鸡蛋里大约含有74%的水分,如果一次将所有的蛋液全部倒入奶油糊里,油脂和水分不容易结合,容易造成油水分离,搅合拌匀会非常吃力。切记,材料分次加入才能使成品的口感更加细致美味。

规格统一

形状的要求无论是手工塑形的饼干,还是切割类的饼干,或者是薄脆饼干以及挤花类的饼干,都要求同一烤盘的饼干大小、薄厚、形状基本一致,这样才能够均匀受热,成熟时间相同。

做好保存

手工饼干的保存完全冷却后应尽快装入保鲜盒或保鲜袋中,因为饼干会吸收湿气而变软,室温下可以保存10天-12天。如果有回软的现象,可以用低温(150度)烘烤几分钟,就会恢复原有的口感。也可以放入冰箱冷冻室冷冻几小时,也可以恢复口感。

蛋糕制作

蛋糕是一种古老的西点,一般是由烤箱制作的,蛋糕是用鸡蛋、白糖、小麦粉为主要原料。以牛奶、果汁、奶粉、香粉、色拉油、水,起酥油、泡打粉为辅料,经过搅拌、调制、烘烤后制成一种像海绵的点心。蛋糕通常以甜味为主,典型的蛋糕是以烤的方式制作出来。蛋糕的材料主要包括了面粉、甜味剂(通常是蔗糖)、黏合剂(一般是鸡蛋,素食主义者可用面筋和淀粉代替)、起酥油(一般是牛油或人造牛油,低脂肪含量的蛋糕会以浓缩果汁代替),液体(牛奶,水或果汁),香精和发酵剂(例如酵母或者发酵粉)。

蛋糕分类

按照蛋糕坯子分类:

1、海绵蛋糕(SpongeCake),主要是利用鸡蛋打进空气,经过烘焙使空气受热膨胀而把蛋糕撑大。这类蛋糕可以不加油脂质地柔软故又称清蛋糕,是最早出现的蛋糕。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。

2、戚风蛋糕(ChiffonCake),戚风蛋糕是乳沫类和面糊类蛋糕改良综合而成的。制作时蛋白、蛋黄须分开,分别打发,最后才混匀。其组织最为膨松,水分多而味道清淡不腻,十分受人欢迎。市面上蛋糕店大多用这坯子。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。

3、布丁蛋糕,主要是采用黄油、鸡蛋、白糖、牛奶为主要原料配以各式辅料,通过冷藏或烤制而成的一种欧式蛋糕。夏季要低温冷藏,冬季无需冷藏可保存3-5天。

4、慕思蛋糕,是用明胶凝结乳酪及鲜奶油而成,不必烘烤即可食用。是现今高级蛋糕的代表。夏季要低温冷藏,冬季无需冷藏可保存3-5天。

5、天使蛋糕(AngelFood Cake),属于乳沫类蛋糕,只用无油脂成分的蛋白部分,毫不油腻而且有弹性,非常爽口,其成品清爽雪白,仿佛安琪儿的食物,故称之为“天使蛋糕”。因为它不含油脂与胆固醇,特别适合于怕胖或有心血管疾病的人。是一种健康点心。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。

6、芝士蛋糕(CheeseCake),主要是采用多量的乳酪做成的高级蛋糕。是现今高级蛋糕的代表,亦是美食家的新宠。市面售价非常昂贵,需低温冷藏。

7、面糊类蛋糕(battertype cake),主要是采用大量的固体油脂,故又称油蛋糕。又分基本奶油蛋糕和重奶油蛋糕。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。

按照裱花材料分类:

1、鲜奶油蛋糕,鲜奶油是植物性油脂,主要从大豆提炼,爽而不腻,营养丰富,深受人们喜爱。

2、水果蛋糕,一般名牌蛋糕店制做鲜奶油蛋糕时,坯子切三层,加水果、加酒。现在一般说的水果蛋糕主要是鲜奶油蛋糕上摆上水果。

3、巧克力蛋糕,主要是戚风蛋糕坯子上浇铸融化的巧克力而成。

4、冰激凌蛋糕,用冰激凌代替鲜奶油。按用处可分为:生日、祝寿、生肖、婚庆等。

蛋糕种类和做法很多,今天教大家几款常规蛋糕做法。

彩虹蛋糕

主料:低筋面粉120g、白砂糖170g、鸡蛋6个、色拉油65g、淡奶油500g、食用色素(6色适量)、牛奶65g。

做法步骤:

1、准备好材料,然后准备模具,一般非专业级的同一款蛋糕模都不会有很多,所以得自己做模具了,用蛋糕模为参照,用锡纸做出一个锡纸模,做好6个,修剪边缘即可待用。

2、分离蛋白蛋黄,分好的蛋白和蛋黄分别装不同的打蛋盆中。

3、白砂糖30g加入蛋黄中,用手动打蛋器打至糖溶化。

4、加入色拉油和牛奶,继续搅拌成油水混合。

5、筛入低筋面粉,拌匀成蛋黄糊待用。

6、蛋白的盆里加几滴柠檬汁(没有可不加),分3次加入90g白砂糖,(可边打边加)用电动打蛋器打至硬性发泡,提起打蛋器有坚挺的角。

7、打好的蛋白霜用刮刀挖一勺到蛋黄糊盆中,从底部向上翻拌均匀。

8、翻拌好的蛋黄糊全部倒入到蛋白霜中继续翻拌均匀,蛋糕糊就做好了,接下来上色。

9、把蛋糕糊分装入不同的碗中,加入食用色素,翻拌均匀,(一次能烤几个就先调几个色,其它的蛋糕糊放冰箱)。

10、调好颜色的蛋糕糊倒入准备好的锡纸模中,放入烤盘入烤箱,中层,140度,烤14分钟,根据同样的方法做另外几个颜色。

11、烤好后的蛋糕片撕掉锡纸倒扣在烤网上散热。

12、500g动物奶油加50g白砂糖,隔冰水用电动打蛋器打硬成奶油呈明显纹路。

13、打好的奶油各挖出一点用食用色素调好装入裱花袋中备用,颜色和蛋糕片的颜色一致。

14、彻底凉透的蛋糕片休整掉不整齐的,然后一片一片的叠起来,中间加奶油。

15、中间奶油抹好,然后就是蛋糕抹面了,和平时其它的奶油蛋糕一样抹,抹好在顶部做彩虹。

16、裱花袋剪掉绿豆大的孔(不会把握的可以先剪一点挤出来看大小不够再剪)然后按颜色挤在上面就成了漂亮的彩虹了。

芒果千层蛋糕

主料:低筋面粉、鸡蛋、糖粉、黄油、牛奶、淡奶油、芒果、细砂糖。

做法步骤:

1、鸡蛋打散,加入糖粉拌匀,不要打发,加入牛奶拌匀成稀面糊。

2、黄油隔水融化成液态,倒入面糊中拌匀,面糊过筛,放入冰箱冷藏静置半小时。

3、平底锅涂一层薄薄的油,加热,舀一勺面糊(约70毫升)煎凝固,不要翻面。

4、依此煎好面糊,大约12块,放凉待用。

5、取一干净容器,倒入奶油和糖,打发。

6、芒果洗净取肉。

7、把未煎的一面朝上,铺上打发好的奶油,一次制做两层,从第三层到第六层每层都铺上奶油,再铺芒果肉,再铺奶油,然后把下一层饼皮铺上。

8、做最后一层时,先在蛋糕体四周裹上煎饼,然后铺上奶油,覆盖最后一片班戟即可。

酸奶蛋糕

食材:酸奶270g、低筋面粉90g、玉米淀粉25g、白砂糖60g、鸡蛋4个

做法步骤:

1、将蛋清和蛋黄分离,然后把蛋黄放到酸奶中。

2、把酸奶和蛋黄搅拌匀。

3、把低筋面粉和玉米淀粉筛到酸奶糊中,将面糊搅拌匀。

4、打发蛋清。先往蛋清中放入几滴柠檬汁或者白醋,再分三次加入白砂糖,用电动打蛋器将蛋白打发至大弯勾状态。(在打发蛋清的时候,要将烤箱提前预热上,上下火110度,15分钟)。

5、分三次将蛋白放入到面糊中,将面糊和蛋白翻拌匀(一定是翻拌哦,千万不要划圈,那样容易使蛋白消泡)。

6、蛋糕糊翻拌好,将蛋糕糊倒到两个模具中,然后用力振几下,振出气泡。

7、将蛋糕放到预热好的烤箱,然后在烤盘中倒入适量的清水,接下为上下火110烤120分钟。烤好后不要急着取出,要在烤箱中焖40分钟左右。最后取出晾凉即可脱模。

注意事项

选择新鲜的鸡蛋

在购买鸡蛋时要挑选蛋壳完整,表面粗糙的蛋较新鲜,若将蛋置于冰箱冷藏,应该在烹调前先将蛋取出置于室温下再行应用,制作蛋糕时若是须将蛋黄与蛋白分离一定要分的非常干净,若是蛋白中夹有蛋黄则蛋白就打不发。

蛋白的打法

蛋白要打得好一定用要干净的容器最好是不锈钢制的打蛋盆,容器中不能沾油,不能有水及蛋白中不能夹有蛋黄

秤量要精确

作西点时秤量是很重要的一定要量的非常精确,因为这可是烘焙成功的第一步。

面粉的使用

所有的粉类使用前都应先以筛子过筛,将面粉置于筛网上,一手持筛网,一手在边上轻轻拍打使面粉由空中飘落入钢盆中。

奶油的打法

冰冻的奶油的打法:冰冻的奶油是无法制作蛋糕的,所以在使用前必须事先将它放在室温下使其软化到用手指轻压奶油即会凹陷的程度即可。

鲜奶油的打法:最好是使用铝箔包装或是桶装的液态鲜奶油来制作,虽然金属罐装的鲜奶油使用上较方便,但是在售价上不仅较贵且质地也较粗,并不适合拿来做涂抹,鲜奶油使用前须要先摇几下或用筷子拌一下,再用电动搅拌器打到出现如波浪状的稠度即可。

材料混合的方法

不论是要混合什么样的材料都须分次加入而不是将所有材料全部加入,这样才能使成品细致又美味。

正确的烘烤方式

烤箱在烘烤前一定要先预热到所须的温度,体积大的蛋糕须用低温长时间烘焙,烘烤时若担心外表烤的太焦可将蛋糕表皮烤至金黄色后在表面覆盖上一层铝箔纸来隔开上火。

烤模的使用方法

烤蛋糕时的烤模在使用前须先涂抹一层薄薄的奶油再洒上一层高筋面粉或是先用防沾纸铺在烤模内部烤好的蛋糕才不会沾粘,饼干压模制作时须先洒上面粉则压好的饼干才容易取下。

法式西点的做法

饼干、蛋糕学会后,可以再渐渐地深层次研究法式风格西点、朱古力控温、淋面、喷砂手艺这些。给大家介绍几款经典西点做法。

舒芙蕾(Souffle)

舒芙蕾,又称蛋奶酥、梳乎厘,是于中世纪诞生的法国著名甜点。法文的“Souffle”就是吹气的意思。烤好的舒芙蕾要尽快品尝,否则会很快就塌。口感轻盈如云朵,入口似有似无,却满嘴乳香。

食材:低筋面粉30g、蛋黄2个、蛋白2个、鲜奶40ml、细砂糖20g、无盐黄油或食用油少许、开水少许。

做法步骤:

1、用黄油先将碗壁内擦一遍,之后撒上细砂糖,待用。

2、牛奶+黄油+20g糖+几滴香草精倒入奶锅中煮至微沸,离火。

3、低粉筛入牛奶中,搅拌均匀。

4、蛋黄、蛋清分离在2个干净的碗中。

5、将奶糊慢慢倒入蛋黄中,一边倒一边快速搅拌,防止蛋黄烫熟。

6、搅拌均匀的蛋黄糊过筛倒入奶锅中,筛出低粉颗粒,可用刮刀压散即可。之后重新回炉煮。

7、小火,一边煮一边搅拌,不能停,否则会糊。

8、煮好的蛋黄糊,细腻、粘稠、表面有光泽,放一边待用。

9、15g糖分3次加入蛋白中,打发至接近干性发泡,就是小啾啾顶端有个细小弯钩。

10、蛋白和蛋黄糊分3次均匀翻拌混合。

11、混合好的蛋糊,烤箱预热180度。

12、放进烤箱中层,烤18分钟,然后出炉撒上糖粉。

拿破仑Mille Feuilles

拿破仑是法国的经典甜品,好几层的酥皮夹上卡仕达酱组合而成的。

食材:【蛋糕底材料】富强粉750g、鲜蛋2公斤、白砂糖900g、粟粉150g

【水油酥皮】富强粉700g、猪油350g、鲜蛋150g、奶油忌林糖800g、香兰素适量

做法步骤:

1、将千层派皮用擀面棍擀平放入抹了油的烤盘中。

2、将派皮表面用叉子搓洞后,放入冰箱冷藏松弛约1小时。

3、蛋黄与细砂糖(50g)用打泡器搅拌至淡黄色。

4、加入融化的无盐牛油、牛奶、香草精拌匀,再放入已筛的低筋面粉与泡打粉轻轻拌匀。

5、将蛋白打起泡后,分次加入细砂糖(60g)继续打至偏干性发泡,再分次加入蛋黄液中拌匀。

6、取一个干净的烤盘铺上烤盘垫纸,将材料倒入并用软刮板抹平。

7、放入烤箱180/150℃烘烤约20~25分钟取出放凉,即为蛋糕体。

8、将千层派皮,放入已预热200/200℃烤箱烘烤约50分钟。

马卡龙

马卡龙意思是一种用蛋白、杏仁粉、白砂糖和糖霜制作,并夹有水果酱或奶油的法式甜点。马卡龙口感丰富、外脆内柔,外观五彩缤纷、精致小巧。

食材:杏仁粉40g,糖粉40g,蛋白33g,白糖22g、奶油奶酪35g,黄油15g,糖粉15g。

做法步骤:

1、把奶油奶酪和黄油切成小块,室温软化成膏状,筛入糖粉。

2、用电动打蛋器打发均匀。用保鲜膜贴面盖起来,放冰箱冷藏。

3、将糖粉和杏仁粉过筛。

4、在蛋白中加入22g白糖,用电动打蛋器打发至硬性状态。如果想做带颜色的就滴一滴食用色素,打发均匀即可。

5、把蛋白霜放到糖粉和杏仁粉的混合物中,用翻拌的方法混合均匀。刚开始不好翻拌也用压拌的方法先将它们混合在一起。用刮刀舀起一些粉糊,粉糊呈缎带状落下。

6、装进裱花袋里,挤在烤盘上。轻摔几下烤盘,震出里面的气泡,用牙签将没有震破的气泡挑开。

7、烤箱开热风功能,上下火70度,把烤盘放进去进行晾皮,时间大概是20-30分钟。晾皮的时候可以打开烤箱用手触摸表面,表面有弹性又不粘手就是晾好皮了。

8、晾好皮后把烤盘取出来,对烤箱进行预热,上下火170度,预热好后把烤箱放进去,烘烤7分钟左右,然后上下火调成120度烘烤13分钟左右。时间和温度仅供参考,大家根据自家的烤箱脾气进行调节。总体上来说是先用高温把裙边烤出来,然后再用低温烤熟内部。

9、冷却后把夹馅填充上即可。放冰箱冷藏后味道更好。

面包的做法

相对饼干、蛋糕来说,面包从选面粉到和面再到发酵,再到二次发酵,每一道工序都关乎成功的关键,每一个步骤都是新手必学的重点,那今天我们就来看看,学做烘焙必须的三个步骤。

和面、搅面

做面包烘焙,首先第一个步骤,是和面,而在西点烘焙中,最主要的是搅面。面包制作常选用高筋面粉,其含有极高的蛋白质,而做烘焙,一般不是人工手动和面,一般都是使用面包机或者是厨师机来完成,机器不停的搅拌。

在机器搅拌过程中,把面粉中的筋度一步一步加强,直到搅拌面团可以形成一层薄膜,用手能轻易的拉出透光的膜,用手指捅不易破裂,这个时候的面团就达到了完全阶段,那制作面包烘焙的第一个重要步骤也就算完成,面粉筋度达到最强,那制作出来的面包也就更有弹性。

发酵

西点烘焙发酵和中式面食发酵很大程度相同,但有小部分是有区别的,一样的是需要进行三个步骤。第一次发酵,发酵之后醒面,醒面之后再进行二次发酵,二次发酵完成后即可完成整个发酵过程,这个过程对于整个烘焙来说是极为重要的。

首先我们来讲讲第一次发酵,第一次发酵,可以用面包机来定时发酵,但这个适合冬天,因为自然温度较低,但是如果是夏天,空气温度足够,(大概室温达到25度的时候)那就可以完全采用自然发酵,但如果室温低于20度的时候,那就不得不在面包机中发酵。在面包机总,一般发酵一个小时即可,面团在第一次发酵的过程中,慢慢从面粉变成了有生命力的组织,使面团有了味道,发酵赋与了面粉活力。

其次我们来讲讲醒面,第一次发酵完成之后,要注意把面粉中的空气排除,让分割后的面团面筋松弛,使后面的整形变的容易进行,所以必须要来一次醒发过程,其实这个过程很简单,在第一次发酵后,面团一般会涨至两倍左右大,只要用手指蘸上面粉戳一个深洞,洞口不发生塌陷,也不回缩,即一发完成。

醒面过程完成之后,我们就进行二次发酵,二次发酵比第一次发酵所需温度要高,通常20-30摄氏度适合,太低面团变硬,并且影响发面速度,而太高,面团则会更软塌,虽然时间会更快。所以二发不但要有20至35的温度,还要有85%湿度来使得面团表皮不失水,所以一般我们都依靠烤箱来完成二发,进入烤箱二发的时候,烤盘下面要加一碗约40度热水,尤其是到了冬天,热水冷掉了要拿出从新替换,使得最后发酵达到最完美的效果,时间约40分钟至50分钟。

烘烤

这是第三个重要的步骤,一般大家都知道,为了让面包看起来更加有光泽有食欲,一般会在面包表面刷上一层蛋液,另外就是关于烤面包的需要掌握的火候,而烤面包的火候也有三个步骤,就是“先低、后高、再低”的不同火候,这样可以烤制出合乎质量要求的面包,但是要特别注意视情况而定。

关于火的三个阶断

一般是这样,第一阶段上火要低(120℃左右),底火要高(不超过250~260℃),这样既可以避免面包表面很快定形,又能使面包膨胀适度。第二阶段上火、底火都要高,上火可达270℃,底火不超过270~300℃,使面包定形。第三阶段逐步将上火降为180~200℃,底火降为140~160℃,命名面包表面焦化,形成鲜明色泽,并提高香味。

面包种类和做法很多,今天教大家几款常规面包做法:

坚果大列巴面包

食材:面包粉400g、奶粉15g、酵母8g、盐4g、绵白糖65g、牛奶200g、鸡蛋1个、色拉油25g、黄油25g、坚果仁150g。

做法步骤:

1、准备好所有食材。

2、除了黄油、坚果之外,按先液体后固体的顺序,将材料放到揉面桶中,揉至扩展阶段,加入黄油后,再揉至完全扩展阶段,可拉出的薄膜不易破,洞眼边缘呈光滑状态。

3、面团整理成光滑面团,放至温暖处发酵,约28度左右,湿度为75%,发酵至2倍大,手沾面粉,面团扎眼不回缩。

4、面团再次揉搓排气,分成两等份。

5、取一个面团擀开,平铺上适量的干果,卷起后放于烤盘上,进行二次发酵,涮上蛋液,烤箱200度预热,转170度上下火烤35分钟。

淡奶蛋白吐司

食材:高粉280g、酵母3.5g、绵白糖23g、淡奶油60g、蛋清80g、盐3g、无盐黄油15g、清水70g

做法步骤:

1、除了黄油之外,食材按使方法先液体后固体顺序放到面桶中,揉至扩展阶段后加入软化的黄油,再揉于完全扩展阶段,可拉出薄膜且不易破。

2、面团收圆后盖好进行发酵至2倍大,再次揉搓光滑,分成三等分,醒发15分钟后,擀成长舌状,从一边卷起。

3、取一个面团再次擀成长舌状,卷起后放到吐司模具中,进行二次发酵至9分满,涮上蛋液,预热后,上下火170度烤5分钟,转165度烤35分钟,后期上色后可盖上锡纸。

酸奶紫薯毛毛虫面包

食材:高筋面粉250g、奶粉15g、酵母3g、细砂糖25g、精盐2g、鸡蛋1个、纯牛奶140g、无盐黄油25g、卡仕达酱、无盐黄油50g、清水50g、低筋面粉50g、全蛋液80g、紫薯泥200g、酸奶100g。

做法步骤:

1、面团食材除了黄油之外,所有材料混合制作成发面团,分成6份,醒15分钟,取一个面团擀开,一边擀薄后卷起。

2、制作卡仕达酱,将黄油50g、清水50g烧开后,加入低粉50g,搅拌均匀后关火,稍微放至温度,分次加入鸡蛋液,搅拌至光滑细腻的面糊。

3、面包二次发酵结束后涮上鸡蛋液,用裱花袋挤上卡仕达酱,烤箱预热后上下火180烤18分钟。

注意事项

面包机揉面一定要到位

选择3个和面程序,才能将面团揉到完全扩展,这样做出来的面包比较松软,口感比较好。整个流程,需要花费60分钟。

发酵时要控制好温度

第一次发酵所需温度为28℃—29℃,发酵时间通常不是固定的,主要视发酵情况而定。在面包桶内洒些水,控制好温度,发酵出来的面包口感好,不易焦。

烘烤一定要把握住火候

面包烘烤是做面包的重要缓解,需要把握好烘烤时间,选择中等的颜色。如果喜欢吃酥一点,颜色选择深色,这样面包烤出来会焦一点。如果选择浅色,面包颜色较淡,时间不低于35分钟。

原材料选择及面粉与液体的比例

面粉和液体的比例为3:1,和好面后,面粉一定要使用高筋面粉。通酵母发酵时间长要3个小时以上,发酵在2小时内完成。如果添加果料,一次性加,不要分太多次。

学习途径

学烘培可以去专业的烘焙学校,或者是去一些品牌面包店做学徒,也可以在网上进行了解自学。

蛋糕烘焙房

去蛋糕烘焙房学徒可以接触到各式各样的西点产品,在工作过程中师傅会教一些技能知识给你,但是自己动手实操的机会是非常少的,所以学习起来较慢。

专业的蛋糕烘焙学校

专业的西点培训学校会教多种不同西点制作工艺,以及市场流行产品,还有各种网红流行西点制作。也有一系列的开店的相关知识就教给学员。所以想开店创业或者没有基础想学烘焙,建议去专业的蛋糕烘焙学校学习。

自学

自学是最省时而且学习成本最低的学习方法。但是一定要坚持,切忌“三天打鱼,两天晒网”。

必看书籍推荐

《食物与厨艺》——哈洛德·马基,比较侧重理论。

《专业烘焙》(第3版)——韦恩·吉斯伦,理论与食谱相结合。

《学徒面包师》——彼得·莱因哈特,理论与食谱相结合

烘培app推荐

下厨房

这个我想大家应该所有了解,学做菜基本都会下载的APP,里面有各种各样的做菜教程。烘焙达人也会在上面写一些烘焙配方,教授各种甜品。

米熊

这是一个以烘焙为主的直播视频APP,里面包含了,烘焙,裱花,翻糖等各种课程,有付费有免费的课程,大多想学的里面都有。对于初学者,对烘焙感兴趣,或者不愿意花太多钱学习烘焙的朋友来讲是一个很好的学习APP。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"随着现代生活节奏的加快,烘焙食品已经成为一种时尚、营养、高效的消费品。越来越多的人选择去学习烘焙,他们学习的出发点各有不同,有的是为了自己的兴趣爱好,有的是为了想从事这项工作后续就业或开店创业,那么新手小白如何开始学烘焙呢?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8USK8kg6428IoYIsXxuwQJ"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniACU0Ag4y0cOwn1pAT8msd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤箱:如果自己家里制作,吃的量少,可以先买小烤箱,但是至少也要35L以上的。一定是上下独立控温,最好带热风。不能找特别便宜的,便宜意味着温度不准,加热不均匀。还要搭配烤箱温度计,两个最好,一个也可以。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIOYsAasOKMoWIHWKm99eLh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":854,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e391b4ed94714e19bb14049f40c2b8a2","width":1280},"text":"","id":"doxcnkoOKWaaS2kYmIPcAQLQ6ye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打蛋器(电动\u0026手动):电动跟手动都要配备。缺一不可。电动尽量买功率大一点的,当然,买烤箱会赠送,也可以凑合用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw4MOI6CgMgIa8h42KbwJEd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":659,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cfe4551762984dc0a9b5988a7a44077f","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnEec0MEGYyUOqwFAnJMyp5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"刮刀(和刮板):翻拌蛋糕糊等,刮板不同形状,一个套装3-5个就够用了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny0iYUmGKAMcqG2FcRCpPGg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":751,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e2bb00edd8f94b3b964c647b56a9b33d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnwOE4OaaCMQsgnlhnW9e6h7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"硅胶垫:揉面团,做饼干等。案板会粘,硅胶垫防粘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaaWSaKWYoGSMU7keNcL33d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":589,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ba764e2b3ec741efbe589431f7ad2891","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnmOsyseC8eOw2E9944HGWsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"测量用品:电子秤,最好是精确到0.1g的。量勺、量杯。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmCiYMqMkaWugpq5aPLclBK"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1023,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c108c49b2be848109a7ee0e8a2d6ce5b","width":955},"text":"","id":"doxcnuWEACwwwEWoSIn07LG5kQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"筛网:","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"有大小套装,建议选用60-80目的,筛出的面粉更细腻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGG8mMqIkKWeuUOLTkEl9vz"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":750,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/867198c7b05341288489f9e7b333b9f5","width":750},"text":"","id":"doxcnKcKkO8OuWM0kxBd9srnoN2"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"各种模具:看你从哪种入门,就先买哪种模具,不用急着一气配齐。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyYUMkQs2yeM6CarIX90KIe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":300,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/13af3d33d8da4754b30c27aadd86d11f","width":300},"text":"","id":"doxcnWKs6OWygawYEOmMxgrJEkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"各种碗盆:家里够多就不用另外购置了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni2c8swI4IiYw219iRGkxbh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":489,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6446588814cc4bc994d34e14eb5d6b5c","width":750},"text":"","id":"doxcnYyWc0aKy4WK4EpSUydQWKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"厨师机:这个做面包是必备的,就算拥有麒麟臂,也不如机器揉的好,采购要点就是要大功率,外加静音,买一些主流品牌就行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneIsiEWCegeg8uMqVTmW3rf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":931,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必备工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d3a9fa25695c4d91b1331dc4ad8cfc21","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnW2K6aOO8Qu6Oiy1hWu93kG"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"常规烘培材料","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqaWg6aEWaOkuqm6hKBxwJe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQk4AMSiCg66me62Yx6lNAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中餐一般用到的面粉都是中筋面粉,也是我们普通老百姓接触最多的面粉。家里常做的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"面条、包子,馒头、烙饼、饺子等等用到的都是中筋面粉。但烘焙中我们最常见的生日蛋糕或者饼干则是要用低筋面粉,吃的面包则要用高筋面粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE8GU2YUimko0yGDeTNZUcc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"低筋面粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncIGqeUQY4YI0k6f89o6fjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"水份13.8%,蛋白质含量为8.5%以下的面粉。这样的面粉筋度弱,口感绵软蓬松,适合做蛋糕,饼干等酥类的糕点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw8ekMUSemI688BmDria28f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中筋面粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaU4CWsYaiQK2MzLtrCBC9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","tex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。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS2oayQEew4UwCUCmKxFyFg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"泡芙类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM8S4yekoYIsmy44jiyyaEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"泡芙也称气鼓。以鸡蛋、油、糖为主料,采用烫制面团,经过挤糊成型,产品成熟后,体积膨胀数倍,因其饼壳松脆缺味,主要依靠馅心来调味。成品经装饰后,精细美观,再配以各色各样的馅料,使产品外脆里糯,绵软香甜,滋润可口,很受消费者的欢迎。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnumSeciEkCMWAkkepShFrSv"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷冻点心类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncO6gYiW2kc8GmAutoVmQEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷冻点心一般指以糖、牛奶、鸡蛋、水果、明胶为原料,经搅拌冷冻或冷冻搅拌制作而成的一类甜食,适用于午餐、晚餐的餐后甜食或非用餐时闲食。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna2sKyW20ssGUIxvEwEtvSe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"巧克力类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMCg4qwEIu6SyG8mT2sAzIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"指直接使用巧克力或以巧克力为原料,配以奶油、果仁、酒类等调制成的产品。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU6Egycs6EwiSoVOLlKPpWd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"巧克力类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/28522ccda7944ba29ccb421a166f73cd","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnqYGU2KuII22Wm8n83EsQEd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"制作技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY0kOG4aAwq8mKXJhhrZzEH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘焙初学者升阶之途需遵循由简至难,饼干—蛋糕—西点—面包。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8iqusGsicgigvBwhGDwMe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"饼干制作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY4UqaEMAqG22od5ulmRkBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘焙初学者一般都是会从最容易的饼干下手。饼干非常好的一点便是通过率很高,只需调节好家用烤箱的溫度和時间,取得成功冒着香味的饼干总是能让初学者信心十足。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0MmwqmGcWkOewff08Q4GCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"饼干应该是每个人最爱吃的零食榜单里的前十了!甜的咸的、巧克力味的草莓味的、薄脆的夹心的、硬的软的...总有一款是你的爱。今天就来学习几款常规饼干的做法吧!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno4SsSkGSmIu0eMKQCXrqEd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蔓越莓饼干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSsQyOMaS2mMAEcj2uNQjkb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":421,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"蔓越莓饼干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4f8efd07f206470391b8bb56706962e9","width":650},"text":"","id":"doxcneYQiYUAyE6Sscv00evdAAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:低筋面粉(含蛋配方)110g、黄油(含蛋配方)70g、鸡蛋液(含蛋配方)12g、蔓越莓干(含蛋配方)35g、糖粉(含蛋配方)50g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuQ4WseeKmYcMw5Ji6305oh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅料:低筋面粉(无蛋配方)185g、黄油(无蛋配方)100g、牛奶(无蛋配方)15ml(14~15g)、蔓越莓干(无蛋配方)50g、糖粉(无蛋配方)75g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna2qwE0KqGOOScl93v5Nslf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:1、黄油切小块,室温软化,稍微搅打几下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngEa4auwkcm6SgPzTMUJn7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、加糖粉,继续搅打均匀至颜色变浅,体积膨大(糖粉加进去可以用刮刀和黄油稍微拌几下,不然糖粉容易溅出来~)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO6UAoMUkq6mi8LbhO4nWTg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、将蛋液分2-3次分别加入,确保每加","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"依次","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"鸡蛋液前都搅打均匀。(做无蛋版本的把这个蛋液用牛奶替换哈)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwCmosQIa62uUQJzTbmfzyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、将低筋面粉筛入,用刮刀稍微搅拌均匀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyCOK8YM6uoIoURYZAqI8xe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、蔓越莓干倒入,并搅拌均匀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS4ss2CcOeEuKy4g859YU2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、将面团撮成条放入模具中整形,没有模具的可以直接撮成长条做成圆的,放入冰箱冻约2小时左右,冻硬就好,具体看实际情况哈,别冻太硬会不好切的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE2ssawqcC6uQSAqsb4Q67c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、好的面团取出,切约7mm的厚片,排入烤盘,放入预热好160度左右的烤箱中烘烤约22-23分钟左右,表面稍稍上色即可,烤好出炉晾凉~(如果怕烤焦,可以把温度改低一点,稍微延长点时间,最后的时间可以自己稍微看着点,也更不容易过火,觉得颜色太浅稍微调高一点温度直至合适就可以了)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqoYK2yUOcK6Siwb9kWlyme"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"牛奶饼干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOUOQQk8CGag0g9Ypoll0zb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"牛奶饼干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6280889d74134522a1a6a8cbb6cdb67e","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnEu0U88EI4AeySY5AZgx4Yb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:无盐黄油80g、糖粉60g、普通面粉115g、玉米淀粉65g、奶粉40g、鸡蛋1个(去壳重约50g)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkOwqIsSkg268WGsXbvvDUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQKiEw8IosySKmvUxtkNyfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、无盐黄油软化后加糖粉打至发白,加入鸡蛋搅打均匀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqcgc2Eu8qSsYe4nyfxbLZd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、筛入混合粉类(面粉、淀粉、奶粉)拌成团。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4eGgyMamkc6UQBbygb7I6d"},{"type":"para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":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnua2KiScmMKWsyWejZoNfug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、红薯粉和低筋面粉过筛,加入糖粉,黄油室温软化或者隔水融化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqQ8cUQuEQEoouSbCGGIp9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、一个鸡蛋煮熟以后(大概中火10分钟),取出蛋黄,用拇指按压蛋黄过筛,过筛以后还真是蛮漂亮的嘛。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngyA6ckIMSSU2SuDu6uIAwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、把黄油、打散的鸡蛋液以及盐混合均匀,放入冰箱冷藏1小时。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuWmAkICmAeISesSnhy1XGb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、冷藏一小时后取出面团,会有一点硬,不要担心,把面团分成小块揉一下就软了,再慢慢搓成小球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WeggmW6MgyU2jhV1nDaef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、趁小球还比较柔软的时候用大拇指压成饼,裂的不均匀或者不好看可以重新压一下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnccy22uw4gi2uyOVh2rPGwc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、放入烤箱170度上下火中层烤15分钟搞定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmKkwA68QUsWQeeBJ6ko7eh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"红茶饼干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneSyio0eggAQ02V6dJKXeDe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":413,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"红茶饼干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/17ddd32ed6f1441b82adbbef8819a5d0","width":620},"text":"","id":"doxcnss88KagCw6MIMjbfKOnnpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:低筋面粉115g、无盐黄油65g、鸡蛋液15g、红茶碎7g、泡打粉1g、细砂糖35g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnac6kcUUyyG8GH8eF9TbQCx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKSuC8gW4mkK42NiziFewTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、红茶用搅拌机打","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"碎。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns8WiaqiiOKIGsZneTs2HQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、粉类过筛后,把所有食材混合均匀至没有干面粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKqOuGkiwqiACq6TmCJua4g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、把面团放入冷冻室1小时后切片,0.8厘米左右,入烤箱中层180度15分钟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2W4I2QqiiQu8A5eFiDSqhf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、茶叶的清香味有点头疼的时候闻着真的很舒服啊,超级喜欢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne28Ms0mAYW0WO0swicWRmf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn26WgwwA8aquIMEoc4K2zMm"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤箱预热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniCamg6iOy8GC876ymPHlZf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤箱一定要预热,烤箱在烘烤之前,必须提前将温度旋钮调至需要的温度,打开开关空烧一段时间,使产品进入烤箱时就能达到所需要的温度。烤箱预热的动作,可使饼干面团迅速定型,并且也能保持较好的口感。烤箱预热是非常重要的烘焙常识,一定不要忘记。烤箱的容积越大,所需的预热时间就越长,大约5-10分钟不等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAKgiumK8MSWOQnDYkC1Njb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面糊的拌和","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqecg4yuKYeoIwaXtJKJSBy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"当所有的粉类全部过筛","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"到黄油糊中以后,用橡皮刮刀要以不规则的方向来切拌、翻拌面糊,或是从下往上翻拌的形式。不要画圈搅拌,以免产生过多的面筋。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUks8K88YS2QkgndBg7n42f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正确的烘烤方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn28gSGaWEkuCmamiOE1ds3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘烤前,烤箱需要预热到指定的温度,一般5-8分钟即可。这样会让饼干在入烤箱的瞬间达到指定的烘烤温度,让饼干瞬间膨胀,口感形状都更好。出炉后的饼干放凉后,如果还是没有酥脆的口感,或者感觉中间发软,那就是时间还不够,可用150度的温度再烤几分钟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaMK8ymg4U6aiecNzH9LBoc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"少量多次加蛋液","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2KywQyQeuAYiSuBl9DNP0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"油水不分离大家或许会认为材料一次通通加入搅拌似乎比较省事,其实,有些材料是必须少量多次的与其他材料混合才更好。比如在黄油和糖混合打松发之后,鸡蛋需先打散成蛋液后再分2-4次加入,而且每加入一次都要使蛋液充分的被黄油吸收完全后再加入下一次。因为一个鸡蛋里大约含有74%的水分,如果一次将所有的蛋液全部倒入奶油糊里,油脂和水分不容易结合,容易造成油水分离,搅合拌匀会非常吃力。切记,材料分次加入才能使成品的口感更加细致美味。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCM8MuyusoYQwSydknZxlle"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"规格统一","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWuMWq6YYEWqYUps9tZlb7g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"形状的要求无论是手工塑形的饼干,还是切割类的饼干,或者是薄脆饼干以及挤花类的饼干,都要求同一烤盘的饼干大小、薄厚、形状基本一致,这样才能够均匀受热,成熟时间相同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkWw6a8aa0KC2zt8UcOl2d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"做好保存","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno88oaem6Yuke23SfbL7mNf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"手工饼干的保存完全冷却后应尽快装入保鲜盒或保鲜袋中,因为饼干会吸收湿气而变软,室温下可以保存10天-12天。如果有回软的现象,可以用低温(150度)烘烤几分钟,就会恢复原有的口感。也可以放入冰箱冷冻室冷冻几小时,也可以恢复口感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKsgukO4qs8mmMe43Ewc1ws"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"做好保存","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e5e35e1c7796426ba64677d1184ebd2a","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnc60qe0gsOyaaCEETLuD5mh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕制作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqaiUqwysU6AWEvn0bmdGed"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕是一种古老的西点,一般是由烤箱制作的,蛋糕是用鸡蛋、白糖、小麦粉为主要原料。以牛奶、果汁、奶粉、香粉、色拉油、水,起酥油、泡打粉为辅料,经过搅拌、调制、烘烤后制成一种像海绵的点心。蛋糕通常以甜味为主,典型的蛋糕是以烤的方式制作出来。蛋糕的材料主要包括了面粉、甜味剂(通常是蔗糖)、黏合剂(一般是鸡蛋,素食主义者可用面筋和淀粉代替)、起酥油(一般是牛油或人造牛油,低脂肪含量的蛋糕会以浓缩果汁代替),液体(牛奶,水或果汁),香精和发酵剂(例如酵母或者发酵粉)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSAkmwsyemksy6ZfzLrAase"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":624,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕制作","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9e9e4ad27edc4e8ebcbe0a63f70034d7","width":1000},"text":"","id":"doxcnUW8wqMU4g2WW2defgRHRwb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnakAUA6eKcCQiSmKUNysYmk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按照蛋糕坯子分类:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS4ueMUaCqYQom0z3NhcHGg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、海绵蛋糕(SpongeCake),主要是利用鸡蛋打进空气,经过烘焙使空气受热膨胀而把蛋糕撑大。这类蛋糕可以不加油脂质地柔软故又称清蛋糕,是最早出现的蛋糕。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WKqIMmG2EEkKga1P5ZXkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、戚风蛋糕(ChiffonCake),戚风蛋糕是乳沫类和面糊类蛋糕改良综合而成的。制作时蛋白、蛋黄须分开,分别打发,最后才混匀。其组织最为膨松,水分多而味道清淡不腻,十分受人欢迎。市面上蛋糕店大多用这坯子。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYym8gsyc0om0b1P6j0BpzI"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、布丁蛋糕,主要是采用黄油、鸡蛋、白糖、牛奶为主要原料配以各式辅料,通过冷藏或烤制而成的一种欧式蛋糕。夏季要低温冷藏,冬季无需冷藏可保存3-5天。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuoaYK2IE66oeEtcaSok4Ed"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、慕思蛋糕,是用明胶凝结乳酪及鲜奶油而成,不必烘烤即可食用。是现今高级蛋糕的代表。夏季要低温冷藏,冬季无需冷藏可保存3-5天。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS82MOi80AswC8xIjSkEsjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、天使蛋糕(AngelFood Cake),属于乳沫类蛋糕,只用无油脂成分的蛋白部分,毫不油腻而且有弹性,非常爽口,其成品清爽雪白,仿佛安琪儿的食物,故称之为“天使蛋糕”。因为它不含油脂与胆固醇,特别适合于怕胖或有心血管疾病的人。是一种健康点心。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAG6EyKc08cGyugTyXCOdK6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、芝士蛋糕(CheeseCake),主要是采用多量的乳酪做成的高级蛋糕。是现今高级蛋糕的代表,亦是美食家的新宠。市面售价非常昂贵,需低温冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkGmIo00UEAc65eVKu7ane"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、面糊类蛋糕(battertype cake),主要是采用大量的固体油脂,故又称油蛋糕。又分基本奶油蛋糕和重奶油蛋糕。常温:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低温冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncQQIokYYwyO6o3srgCfHzd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按照裱花材料分类:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwyi0w0ccCo64WKaxJqF7Ge"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、鲜奶油蛋糕,鲜奶油是植物性油脂,主要从大豆提炼,爽而不腻,营养丰富,深受人们喜爱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8KaKsC6Ag64W6zicMfO0dc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、水果蛋糕,一般名牌蛋糕店制做鲜奶油蛋糕时,坯子切三层,加水果、加酒。现在一般说的水果蛋糕主要是鲜奶油蛋糕上摆上水果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMO0MMsceKOi2Qlp1nGf2bd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、巧克力蛋糕,主要是戚风蛋糕坯子上浇铸融化的巧克力而成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWemeUUECyS4oF6x6oSygnG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、冰激凌蛋糕,用冰激凌代替鲜奶油。按用处可分为:生日、祝寿、生肖、婚庆等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIgKwOYwcwGUm0oO6gQnedd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕种类和做法很多,今天教大家几款常规蛋糕做法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0a4q6gGoKsuMChSUGTiabR"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"彩虹蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOk4cYEqyQkMQ4ggwgq12Mc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彩虹蛋糕","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/287dbafd89814bc78931afe1cd430266","width":540},"text":"","id":"doxcnGu002kaMqko2FgFr2rLFdd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:低筋面粉120g、白砂糖170g、鸡蛋6个、色拉油65g、淡奶油500g、食用色素(6色适量)、牛奶65g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW0WIukCISGcYS0t3oIZ76d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQCUyqQ2sy4yAqgVOdSctXe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、准备好","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"材料,然后准备模具,一般非专业级的同一款蛋糕模都不会有很多,所以得自己做模具了,用蛋糕模为参照,用锡纸做出一个锡纸模,做好6个,修剪边缘即可待用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyOsyq000C8MagFQ6KX6sgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、分离蛋白蛋黄,分好的蛋白和蛋黄分别装不同的打蛋盆中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0osKKsCeIyUoiq2Fgm378e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、白砂糖30g加入蛋黄中,用手动打蛋器打至糖溶化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKwIuwM0WimWkQXKTl09w6g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、加入色拉油和牛奶,继续搅拌成油水混合。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWquMwI0uEymEwVq3RGZIcb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、筛入低筋面粉,拌匀成蛋黄糊待用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn68k4MM6seYs8g3OFi3P6of"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、蛋白的盆里加几滴柠檬汁(没有可不加),分3次加入90g白砂糖,(可边打边加)用电动打蛋器打至硬性发泡,提起打蛋器有坚挺的角。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WQuUu4swCmKEYouWawB5z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、打好的蛋白霜用刮刀挖一勺到蛋黄糊盆中,从底部向上翻拌均匀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIOW8UKk2k4aEE53twbcWye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、翻拌好的蛋黄糊全部倒入到蛋白霜中继续翻拌均匀,蛋糕糊就做好了,接下来上色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn86IYU4ImYko6y8gxozc1ld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、把蛋糕糊分装入不同的碗中,加入食用色素,翻拌均匀,(一次能烤几个就先调几个色,其它的蛋糕糊放冰箱)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM8a0e2kyUgoMwtqaWwzUCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10、调好颜色的蛋糕糊倒入准备好的锡纸模中,放入烤盘入烤箱,中层,140度,烤14分钟,根据同样的方法做另外几个颜色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4iQgkMAI0uekkDm6Rmo3gh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11、烤好后的蛋糕片撕掉锡纸倒扣在烤网上散热。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEEOsY4O0CAuoJWtJ3lRxmn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"12、500g动物奶油加50g白砂糖,隔冰水用电动打蛋器打硬成奶油呈明显纹路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCwIMOkmYac0MEJkcEvaTXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"13、打好的奶油各挖出一点用食用色素调好装入裱花袋中备用,颜色和蛋糕片的颜色一致。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Sq28YsEiKOiE5iXC4Abjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"14、彻底凉透的蛋糕片休整掉不整齐的,然后一片一片的叠起来,中间加奶油。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAewYGK4gm4ioqGQMq3c9bc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"15、中间奶油抹好,然后就是蛋糕抹面了,和平时其它的奶油蛋糕一样抹,抹好在顶部做彩虹。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEy28O2eq8eQMyqwakcDJrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"16、裱花袋剪掉绿豆大的孔(不会把握的可以先剪一点挤出来看大小不够再剪)然后按颜色挤在上面就成了漂亮的彩虹了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyi0IEY2OKA0gPJjKrMf5d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"芒果千层蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIoUaK8cW0uussPExBarxSh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1280,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"芒果千层蛋糕","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2da3e85ec60540cf9747c82d82a041d0","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcnSOQQSAEoaYeca4cfFEuzHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:低筋面粉、鸡蛋、糖粉、黄油、牛奶、淡奶油、芒果、细砂糖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoeE8Oq8cyKoKeocARmqNEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmiQGc6oKEU6gG4cFkiAp2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、鸡","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"蛋打散,加入糖粉拌匀,不要打发,加入牛奶拌匀成稀面糊。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG82IcyKUq4Q6U1lwmaAMld"},{"type":"paragraph","chi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Feuilles","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne8GG2mKW0u2oOWyUlMjbTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":622,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"拿破仑Mille Feuilles","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7725d71f2f3f4465a9fc4be9e227897e","width":828},"text":"","id":"doxcnMc6qguQiKAkMuGta5YqArd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拿破仑是法国的经典甜品,好几层的酥皮夹上卡仕达酱组合而成的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWOCAIOYWqiumArKb6r0dSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:【蛋糕底材料】富强粉750g、鲜蛋2公斤、白砂糖900g、粟粉150g","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyg0O20gaEKSwG2Iyh4qZZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【水油酥皮】富强粉700g、猪油350g、鲜蛋150g、奶油忌林糖800g、香兰素适量","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYow6ugmUk02usTYHjCGfde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤","id":""},{"type":"text","text":":","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmQGOSQu6ioiWUZEv6X19xb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、将千层","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"派皮用擀面棍擀平放入抹了油的烤盘中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm6CwISssmgs6Ok2WZxQpwc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、将派皮表面用叉子搓洞后,放入冰箱冷藏松弛约1小时。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS2uMsoMyYmUmGmYfiXXFge"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":643,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"拿破仑Mille Feuilles","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cd214ef5e6304304b59d7e632fdbe927","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcniAUSaAeoYASK4uNdMHWwKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、蛋黄与细砂糖(50g)用打泡器搅拌至淡黄色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAWcmguwussuESw2zOh7Ykh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、加入融化的无盐牛油、牛奶、香草精拌匀,再放入已筛的低筋面粉与泡打粉轻轻拌匀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUiMWiKgEAMcS0Ojhq0YO8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、将蛋白打起泡后,分次加入细砂糖(60g)继续打至偏干性发泡,再分次加入蛋黄液中拌匀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wiWy2EsyS6O2FuYQ8yUof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、取一个干净的烤盘铺上烤盘垫纸,将材料倒入并用软刮板抹平。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniOSgMqsACEgOUHBUxYLoVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、放入烤箱180/150℃烘烤约20~25分钟取出放凉,即为蛋糕体。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqeg6qiUKgYUqKGevQRtnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、将千层派皮,放入已预热200/200℃烤箱烘烤约50分钟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAs8gM4McG4sMgPlM82elig"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"马卡龙","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEc2ucQKSAMU8aIRN9JDvMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"马卡龙意思是一种用蛋白、杏仁粉、白砂糖和糖霜制作,并夹有水果酱或奶油的法式甜点。马卡龙口感丰富、外脆内柔,外观五彩缤纷、精致小巧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCkCKeiCU8OS2MzcAvMYRhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:杏仁粉40g,糖粉40g,蛋白33g,白糖22g、奶油奶酪35g,黄油15g,糖粉15g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0qoYw6e2M6UUTp2cGreWmw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWqUIyKEyKOAIsJNnt4FNPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、把奶油奶酪和黄油切成小块,室温软化成膏状,筛入糖粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIeCIO6yA6ugOuW2Z2Cvdpc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、用电动打蛋器打发均匀。用保鲜膜贴面盖起来,放冰箱冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIAuqqysSqmUwwdL9lStNmc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、将糖粉和杏仁粉过筛。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUeCmkGoCqK8E7epQQWbWq5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、在蛋白中加入22g白糖,用电动打蛋器打发至硬性状态。如果想做带颜色的就滴一滴食用色素,打发均匀即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSKCKik2YiSacA1UpDd8J9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、把蛋白霜放到糖粉和杏仁粉的混合物中,用翻拌的方法混合均匀。刚开始不好翻拌也用压拌的方法先将它们混合在一起。用刮刀舀起一些粉糊,粉糊呈缎带状落下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6gCw6EQUAE8ySGvkmd5CYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、装进裱花袋里,挤在烤盘上。轻摔几下烤盘,震出里面的气泡,用牙签将没有震破的气泡挑开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQIaYoIGMc0egGKFuNa4mWp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、烤箱开热风功能,上下火70度,把烤盘放进去进行晾皮,时间大概是20-30分钟。晾皮的时候可以打开烤箱用手触摸表面,表面有弹性又不粘手就是晾好皮了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnICkUQ6eGWUeESw8Ko2gcid"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":4114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"马卡龙","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b34880f43866414aa58ecd0175b2e672","width":4116},"text":"","id":"doxcnWwCo6Ke2WSEkYZ3hjNrfih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、晾好皮后把烤盘取出来,对烤箱进行预热,上下火170度,预热好后把烤箱放进去,烘烤7分钟左右,然后上下火调成120度烘烤13分钟左右。时间和温度仅供参考,大家根据自家的烤箱脾气进行调节。总体上来说是先用高温把裙边烤出来,然后再用低温烤熟内部。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2ums4YAoCKSMYbKYaYLWAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、冷却后把夹馅填充上即可。放冰箱冷藏后味道更好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnq2EWyOqAWW0CEJcOdg2zcg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包的做法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngKIs8u4OaAyqKg210AZthc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"相对饼干、蛋糕来说,面包从选面粉到和面再到发酵,再到二次发酵,每一道工序都关乎成功的关键,每一个步骤都是新手必学的重点,那今天我们就来看看,学做烘焙必须的三个步骤。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEUSgG2MUeUiYaywbSnSsXg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"和面、搅面","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8ac4wQIEMQE6MnyCBsahsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做面包烘焙,首先第一个步骤,是和面,而在西点烘焙中,最主要的是搅面。面包制作常选用高筋面粉,其含有极高的蛋白质,而做烘焙,一般不是人工手动和面,一般都是使用面包机或者是厨师机来完成,机器不停的搅拌。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE8kQ8mCuCQs4eyZKIi0Qwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在机器搅拌过程中,把面粉中的筋度一步一步加强,直到搅拌面团可以形成一层薄膜,用手能轻易的拉出透光的膜,用手指捅不易破裂,这个时候的面团就达到了完全阶段,那制作面包烘焙的第一个重要步骤也就算完成,面粉筋度达到最强,那制作出来的面包也就更有弹性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngau86aY224us4LiCsln4gg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":599,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"和面、搅面","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/eb7b6046d872425a86f833615748ee33","width":898},"text":"","id":"doxcnI66uq64uoWg8s5uYIXJNah"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发酵","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnecwyk8Wc8kkw4su5HsGKNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"西点烘焙发酵和中式面食发酵很大程度相同,但有小部分是有区别的,一样的是需要进行三个步骤。第一次发酵,发酵之后醒面,醒面之后再进行二次发酵,二次发酵完成后即可完成整个发酵过程,这个过程对于整个烘焙来说是极为重要的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWeOuciykUC2m4iqiavHkke"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先我们来讲讲第一次发酵,第一次发酵,可以用面包机来定时发酵,但这个适合冬天,因为自然温度较低,但是如果是夏天,空气温度足够,(大概室温达到25度的时候)那就可以完全采用自然发酵,但如果室温低于20度的时候,那就不得不在面包机中发酵。在面包机总,一般发酵一个小时即可,面团在第一次发酵的过程中,慢慢从面粉变成了有生命力的组织,使面团有了味道,发酵赋与了面粉活力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2sIO4GgcuWWMU5j6IMVCug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"其次我们来讲讲醒面,第一次发酵完成之后,要注意把面粉中的空气排除,让分割后的面团面筋松弛,使后面的整形变的容易进行,所以必须要来一次醒发过程,其实这个过程很简单,在第一次发酵后,面团一般会涨至两倍左右大,只要用手指蘸上面粉戳一个深洞,洞口不发生塌陷,也不回缩,即一发完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0iUgCwG8KO40yCiHiPYB2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"醒面过程完成之后,我们就进行二次发酵,二次发酵比第一次发酵所需温度要高,通常20-30摄氏度适合,太低面团变硬,并且影响发面速度,而太高,面团则会更软塌,虽然时间会更快。所以二发不但要有20至35的温度,还要有85%湿度来使得面团表皮不失水,所以一般我们都依靠烤箱来完成二发,进入烤箱二发的时候,烤盘下面要加一碗约40度热水,尤其是到了冬天,热水冷掉了要拿出从新替换,使得最后发酵达到最完美的效果,时间约40分钟至50分钟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng4OW2KsQSsuEcTGjzwUepc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":436,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"发酵","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/da43af05fb524b77bf94b334ab7fb6ac","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnG0awI8iM848moPxWHdhtFc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘烤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnseCeksMseKi2WSuRlYHITh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这是第三个重要的步骤,一般大家都知道,为了让面包看起来更加有光泽有食欲,一般会在面包表面刷上一层蛋液,另外就是关于烤面包的需要掌握的火候,而烤面包的火候也有三个步骤,就是“先低、后高、再低”的不同火候,这样可以烤制出合乎质量要求的面包,但是要特别注意视情况而定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm6iggigIM0ooamArWt6mYc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"关于火的三个阶断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEcisIcI8W64YA9kBNvtbug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般是这样,第一阶段上火要低(120℃左右),底火要高(不超过250~260℃),这样既可以避免面包表面很快定形,又能使面包膨胀适度。第二阶段上火、底火都要高,上火可达270℃,底火不超过270~300℃,使面包定形。第三阶段逐步将上火降为180~200℃,底火降为140~160℃,命名面包表面焦化,形成鲜明色泽,并提高香味。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2wkuSgCcuUqUaKSUgbzT6d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包种类和做法很多,今天教大家几款常规面包做法:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wEYmEAasiC4AFMvtnqBMb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"坚果大列巴面包","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncO840AiccmeIGe2oDtFZXd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":732,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"坚果大列巴面包","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f1eeb33b22024e04b2798964f40263a3","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcncW8800SUK8Q6GRbVFLUHhC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:面包粉400g、奶粉15g、酵母8g、盐4g、绵白糖65g、牛奶200g、鸡蛋1个、色拉油25g、黄油25g、坚果仁150g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2oKgu4ccWuwgy0YhIg1pfh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":974,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"坚果大列巴面包","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f3e9d2bd03294280a05d257815bab288","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnw6wKySSm66sokVTDzlKjcd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQQosIeyyc4wM46rvhxQhle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、准备好所有食材。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMKaCiuS4YywEohQNkFauzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、除了黄油、坚果之外,按先液体后固体的顺序,将材料放到揉面桶中,揉至扩展阶段,加入黄油后,再揉至完全扩展阶段,可拉出的薄膜不易破,洞眼边缘呈光滑状态。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4IiG8ogaYeygspIjVQPlMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、面团整理成光滑面团,放至温暖处发酵,约28度左右,湿度为75%,发酵至2倍大,手沾面粉,面团扎眼不回缩。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYKg6k28YgOwow1nXpJRw8e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、面团再次揉搓排气,分成两等份。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8iYyu06AE0iWYbzem1erd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、取一个面团擀开,平铺上适量的干果,卷起后放于烤盘上,进行二次发酵,涮上蛋液,烤箱200度预热,转170度上下火烤35分钟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW4ya2YsA48oIQHKBtrtjWe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ28MekAo2Yy6s8Xkp2bHlD"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":768,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3e72c465f1c34cbd9487061144cdec43","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnisCwEyaIMq2OJbhr6kGhGK"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:高粉280g、酵母3.5g、绵白糖23g、淡奶油60g、蛋清80g、盐3g、无盐黄油15g、清水70g","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoYkGc062WGmykPpD233xRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步骤:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQggKCkGsQwwmAfW9iFuddc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、除了黄油之外,食材按使方法先液体后固体顺序放到面桶中,揉至扩展阶段后加入软化的黄油,再揉于完全扩展阶段,可拉出薄膜且不易破。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGWkKYC8Y6GmCsF9jPkncUf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":981,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d14b3e101dfc4f0fba8b2e99359c78ba","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnaugo864qgeaGQTgHhAfNgd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、面团收圆后盖好进行发酵至2倍大,再次揉搓光滑,分成三等分,醒发15分钟后,擀成长舌状,从一边卷起。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKQA6Kw8Yakcksz7bMQE2wc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":964,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/21a664872c0e4be3aa78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