轻骑qm200j民用版(轻骑QM300J-2L)

1. 轻骑QM300J-2L

能到110不过容易后轮飘！车子太轻

2. 轻骑qm200j-3L专卖

准确的说，是仿铃木GS发动机，但在质量上与铃木（如济南铃木和豪爵铃木的同类产品）还是略有差异，不过当时最初引进铃木GS机技术时，就是在济南轻骑生产的，所以它的GS机产品质量性能还是很过硬的。

3. 轻骑qm200gy参数

《绝地求生》PGC全球总决赛已经结束，韩国战队Gen.G成功夺冠。中国战队4AM获季军，其他两支进入决赛的中国战队VC和QM分获第5名和第12名的成绩。

在进行的《绝地求生》PGC全球总决赛（PUBG Global Championship 2019）的决赛上，韩国战队Gen.G最终以十二场111分的成绩成功夺冠，独得奖金池一半的200万美元奖金。

中国战队4AM在第九局的比赛上，选手Forever上演独狼一串多的精彩表现，单人6杀成功“吃鸡”。但可惜最后一局4AM被刷出“天谴圈”，在转移过程当中被淘汰，场次排名15，最终以99分仅获得季军。

4. 轻骑qm250gy

林海股份有限公司生产的LH150QMH发动机，发动机排量为106CC，发动机功率为5.3千瓦，整车总质量250千克，整备质量100千克，最高车速可达80公里/小时，可载2客人，该产品公布于工信部汽车公告第273批次。

5. 轻骑qm300j

轻骑的麒麟太子已停产多年，说明书很难再找到了，而且说明书上的信息也很简略。它有早期的油冷和后期的风冷两种，但实际上这两种发动机都是铃木的GS机技术，与一般的铃木王或钻豹发动机差不多，维修参数可以参考GS125发动机。

6. 轻骑QM100

济南轻骑QM125-2A是小链条发动机，仿制于铃木的GS发动机，质量性能都不错，而且价格比较合理。

7. 轻骑qm250j—2l

QM125-2装配了经典的单缸、四冲程、风冷式"GS王125"发动机,排量为124mL,符合国Ⅲ排放标准。这台发动机的缸径×行程规格为57mm×48.8mm,符合高速发动机特征;在7000r/min,

和豪爵钻豹和轻骑玲木比起来有那么一点点的逊色！但是相差无几！该车在驾驶舒适方面以及动力方面也是非常的强！发动机已经达到欧3标准！确实是省油！而且造型新颖！在街上的回头率是相当的高！很拉风啊！

8. 济南轻骑qm200

随着电脑和视频技术的日益进步，如今非专业人士也能制作自己的音乐MV啦。在预算允许的情况下，MV的制作完全靠天马行空的想象力。这篇文章会带你一起探索一下MV的拍法。

拍摄前的准备

了解预算

优质的MV并不都是投了大笔钱制作非常精良的，历史上极富创意、让人难忘的MV很多都是很简单的低成本作品，也有一些制作费高达几百万美元。事先了解清楚你有多少钱可以使用能够确保你不会超支。

和艺人或乐队交流

他们通常都会对自己的MV和造型有一些想法，有一些会是不错的点子，甚至会有一些极具创意，也有一些需要上千人的配合演出，最前沿的特效技术，还要张艺谋为其掌镜。如果你预算充足，那么基本上你不会受到任何限制，当然了，具体要将哪一个点子融合进MV，决定权还是在你。眼光放实际一些，清楚哪些可行，哪些不那么可行，哪些完全不可能。

如果你恰好是要拍MV的乐队中的一员，你可能面临着独特的优势和挑战。在乐队灵感方面你掌握着第一手全方位的资料，但是另一方面，MV的制作过程可谓压力山大，你很可能因此与队员在个人关系和合作关系上都产生不合，对此一定要谨慎。

好好听mv这首歌

一开始不要做任何别的事情——就静静地听。然后，循环听无数次。还要和歌手或乐队一起听。即便你已经对旋律烂熟于心了，还要想象自己是第一次听到这首歌。它让你产生了什么感觉？它会让你想要跳舞、痛哭、做蠢事儿，或者直接去酒吧喝到挂？又或者它会不会让你产生很复杂的情感？把你对这首歌的反应通通记录下来。

拍摄方案的确定

提炼想法

一旦你对这首歌的情感核心有了一些想法，将这些想法加工整合进MV。在这个过程中和你的技术团队讨论会非常有帮助，因为他们知道什么比较容易做到而什么比较困难。

用在MV里的点子可以既直截了当又很切题。举个例子，如果要制作一首关于在路上与各种人相遇的乡村歌曲，可以跟拍主角驾驶在高速公路上，沿路在小镇里与杂货店的人、加油站的人一一相遇，就如同歌词里写的情境一样。这个点子如果执行得好的话，效果会非常棒。

加一些特别的小细节可以让你的MV过目不忘甚至成为经典。以下的点子就会比刚才那笼统的描述生动许多。主角驾驶着一辆57年的雪佛兰敞篷车在一路向西的高速公路上行驶着，第一段出现路边杂货店的农民，第二段出现加油站中坐在悍马里的士兵，第三段里，一个漂亮女生跳进汽车与我们的主角一起驶向远方，如同歌词里写得那样。再设计一些有趣的支线故事——愤怒的白领人士在每一段画面里都做出蠢事儿。第一段里他把芥末挤到了自己衬衣上，第二段里他的保时捷撞上了悍马或者他把汽油滴到了价格不菲的皮鞋上，第三段里他笨拙地向美女不停地抛媚眼。

抽象的奇思妙想能成就一支精彩的MV。脚本无需严格按照歌词写的那么发展——在歌词与视觉内容上形成强烈的反差反而会有意想不到的效果。有的MV甚至是走荒诞怪异风格的。千万不要不敢让观众困惑甚至震惊，如果你觉得这种效果是你的MV必须要的。有时挑战常规才能出奇制胜。

选景

在开始拍摄之前，你要想清楚你想在哪里拍摄。有时基于MV理念，你必须跋山涉水去远方或者特地搭一个景。比如我们刚才那首乡村歌曲也许在西北地区就很容易拍摄，但如果是在上海，那么你就必须提前计划场地。

跟你需要用的场地的主人或管理方交流。最好事先告知周围邻居你要拍摄。如果你不说的话，他们很可能会困惑甚至被你的拍摄干扰到。提前熟悉一下当地的噪音条例，以防万一被警察约谈时你完全不知所措。

制作剧情图板

它是你拍摄时最有用的策划工具了。所谓剧情图板就是用来指导拍摄动作的以一镜为单位的图板。

音乐MV通常会运用大量的电影技巧或视觉效果来创作独特的观看体验，如果你打算在MV中融入以上任何一种，记得把它们写进你的剧情图板。

剧情图板不用制作得太浮夸。它可以简单得只有演员走位以及场景道具，也可以详细到连演员分镜头、表情、移动方向等等都有。如果你完全没有绘画天赋，别担心——你可以制作文字版剧情图板。只要你对于每一镜应该拍些什么都心中有数，并且可以让共事的人都明白，那就可以了。

尝试将你的MV按视觉场景分割开来。如果你把要在某一个场地拍摄的所有内容都一次拍完，那就大大节约了拍摄时间（就算情节顺序不对，事后仍然可以拼接成完整的MV）。用这种方法规划你的拍摄可以尽可能地省时省力。

组建拍摄团队

根据制作规模的不同，你有可能需要完全靠自己和演员，也可能拥有一大批的团队听你差遣。基于你需要完成的工作，以下是你需要考虑寻找人才的职位：

摄像师，摄像师负责通过多台摄像机捕捉镜头。构思镜头是你的事，但接下来的构建场景、和灯光师协调确保场地光线完美、告诉收音师要在场地的哪里收音等等，都需要摄像师来做。

灯光师，需要有人来确保所有灯都会亮，演员在镜头里能看得清楚，以及所有光线都适合拍摄，而这个人就是灯光师。

收音师，在电影的拍摄场景中，收音师就是在每个人面前和场地中举着麦克风的那个人；而在MV拍摄中（通常没有对话），收音师就是不停播放音乐让演员好配合演出的那个人。在按“暂停”、“播放”、“回放”的间隙，他也负责拿可乐、披萨以及其他杂物。

场务，场务是负责搬各种电线、灯光、装备、桌椅等一切被挪进场地的杂物的。当你在构思更加重要的东西时，如果有人能帮你帮这些杂事都处理好，那么拍摄会进行得顺利很多的。

服装师，根据预算的不同，你可能只需要简单地给演员下个指令就行（“穿牛仔裤和贴身T恤”），或者帮演员订好需要的戏服。不管是哪种方式，一旦有换衣服的需要，你就要确保有人能在每个场景的间隙协调好这件事，并且演员们可以有换衣服的私人空间。

道具师，同样的，这个人可能还是你。总要有人去找拍摄用的汽车，加上演员要使用的道具——比如一挤就能挤出来的芥末瓶，以及需要特地找来的、演员会拿起或者放下来的所有东西。

场记，除非你准备一镜到底拍摄完所有东西，不然你肯定需要有人来确保上下场的连接度，防止穿帮镜头，这就是场记的工作。他们通常借助摄像机来记录位置，也要确保第一场中芥末在衬衫上留下的污渍在三天后拍摄的最后一场里依然“健在”而且没有变形。

开拍

拍摄流程

设置场地

现在你已经准备就绪了，演员们也排练得非常到位，整个团队都整装待发，接下来就要开始设置场景正式开拍了。精心挑选一个拍摄场景。

设置摄像

不妨先用三脚架拍摄MV中静态的场景，因为摇晃不定的摄像有时会让观众分心。其他时候你可以使用手持防抖摄像机来拍摄动态一些的场面，或者用一架完全自由形态的摄像机拍摄高度动态的场面。如果你人手和预算都够用，那就把以角度为主导的和以风格为主导的都拍了，这样在剪辑时可以多些创意化的选择。

让演员就位

如果他们在开拍时已经在镜头里，那就让他们记住自己的位置。如果他们是随着拍摄的进行逐渐进入到镜头中的，那就让他们在进入点等候。

让音乐就绪

让音响师在歌曲里定位好合适的点，让演员和工作人员的拍摄在时间上可以与音乐保持同步。一开始拍摄时，播得越久越好。如果已经拍了好多镜头，你可以缩短这部分的时间。当音响师准备就绪、音乐声要响起时，他会喊“加速！”（意为当磁带已经自动播放完毕时需要一定时间将它倒带）。收音师也会把声音同时收进视频中，这样后制人员能够有迹可循。

灯光

让所有负责灯光的工作人员各就各位，所有需要打开的灯都打开。

摄像

摄像师按下开始录制的按钮，然后开始拍摄。

开拍

一旦开拍了，演员们就会开始表演。

重复拍摄MV里的所有场景

最后你会得到无数条带子，包含了不同的角度，有好的也有坏的，接下来会很有趣的！电影的拍摄是一项极其复杂、巨细靡遗的过程，在这篇文章里提到的只是冰山一角。

拍摄技巧

拍摄的基本方式可分为推、拉、摇、移、跟、甩、升、降等。当图片受到边框的限制时，可称为运动摄像机或运动镜。

短视频的拍摄技巧包括镜头语言、定场镜头、空镜头、分镜头、移动镜头等。

镜头语言包括景观和相机运动。

景别

根据镜头与主体的距离，景观可分为以下几类。

远景：远距离镜头，人物很小，常见的有航拍镜头。

远景:深远的镜头景观，人物在画面中只占很小的位置。从广义上讲，根据不同的景观距离，视野三个层次：大视野、远视和小视野。

大全景：包括整个拍摄对象和周围环境的图片，通常被用作影视作品的环境介绍，也被称为最广泛的镜头。

全景：摄入全身或小场景的影视画面相当于戏剧和歌舞剧场舞台框中的景观。在全景中可以看到角色的动作和环境。

小全景:比全景小很多，画面可以保持相对完整。

中间场景：指拍摄人物小腿以上部分的镜头，或用于拍摄相同的场景镜头，是表演场景中常用的场景。

半身景：俗称半身像，是指从人物腰部到头部的景色，又称中近景。

近景：拍摄时取人物胸部以上的影视画面，有时也用于表现场景的某一部分。

特写:指相机在非常近距离拍摄的对象。通常以人肩以上的头像作为拍摄参考，旨在强调人体的某个部位，或相应的物体细节、景物细节等。

大特写:又称细节特写，是指突出人物头像、身体或物体的某一部位，如眉毛、眼睛等。

相机的运动。

在拍摄过程中，相机有很多不同的运动方式，下面分别介绍。

推：即推拍、推镜头，是指被摄体不动，由拍摄机进行向前运动拍摄，拍摄范围由大到小，分为快推、慢推、猛推等，与变焦距推拍有本质区别。

拉：指被摄体不动，由拍摄机进行向后运动拍摄，拍摄范围由小变大，分为慢拉、快拉、猛拉等。

摇晃：相机的位置不动，机身依靠三脚架上的底盘做上、下、左、右、旋转等运动，让观众站在原地环顾四周，看看周围的人或事。

移动：也被称为移动拍摄。从广义上说，运动拍摄的各种方式都是移动拍摄。但从一般意义上说，移动拍摄是指将相机放置在运输工具（如轨道或摇臂）上，然后沿着水平面在移动中拍摄对象。可结合移动拍摄和摇拍进行摇拍。

跟踪：指跟踪拍摄，包括后续、后续、后续、后续、后续、后续、后续等。

上升:上升是镜头做上升运动，同时拍摄对象。

下降:下降与升降镜头相反，即镜头同时下降和拍摄对象。

俯拍：俯拍，常用于宏观展现环境，场合整体面貌。

仰：仰拍，常带有高大、庄重的意义。

甩:甩镜头，又称扫镜头，是指从一个被摄体甩到另一个被摄体，可以用来表现急剧变化。这个镜头可以作为场景变换的手段。

悬挂：悬挂拍摄，包括空中拍摄，往往具有广泛的表现力。

空:又称空镜头，是指没有剧中角色(人或动物)的纯景镜头。

切割:转换镜头的总称。任何镜头的剪接都是一次切割。

综合:指综合拍摄，又称综合镜头。通常是将推、拉、摇、移、跟、升、降、俯、仰、甩、悬、空等几种拍摄手法结合在一个镜头中拍摄。

短：短镜头，电影中指30秒以下、24帧/秒的连续画面镜头，电视剧中指30秒以下、25帧/秒的连续画面镜头。

长：长镜头，连续画面镜头30秒以上。

变焦拍摄：相机不动，通过镜头焦距的变化，使远处的人或物清晰可见，或使近景从清晰到虚拟。

主观拍摄：又称主观镜头，即表现剧中人物的主观视线，视觉镜头，往往具有可视化描写心理的作用。

后期制作

后期制作流程

将视频转录进电脑

通常使用USB、火线接口或者其他接口就能完成。不管你用什么方式，确保你把所有东西都上载进电脑并且储存在同一个目录下。

开启编辑软件

不管你使用的是Sony Vegas、iMovie、Adobe Premiere、Final Cut Pro，还是其他高端的软件，奇迹将在此发生。

使用最好的素材

从头到尾地看你的拍摄，每个带子都要看，找到最好的。运用视频中收到的音来与音乐轨迹相匹配。不必担心音轨中有轻微的噪音，因为这并不是你的最终视频。

将音轨覆盖在画面中

随着音轨的上载，查看画面和音乐是否同步。一般来说它们会很接近，但不会完美同步的。做一些细小的调整，让画面与声音和谐——这点对于有乐队出境的画面尤其重要，因为稍有差池就会十分明显。

视频中加入片头

以前的MV通常都会在片头打出歌曲名称、歌手名字、 唱片公司和MV导演名字。现在的一些歌手选择把这些信息作“电影化”的处理。可以和你的工作团队、演员、乐队们讨论下是否要加上这些信息。

剪辑技巧

音频

1、如果mv拍摄中有多个音频，没有特殊需要的话，保持其音量一致。

2、如果mv拍摄是纯音乐配画面的，疾配快，缓配慢。

3、如果mv拍摄是有歌词的音乐，歌词内容配画面的同时，疾配快，缓配慢。建议歌词先铺在轨道上，因为只有歌词的预览是不会卡的，就算你128内存用PRE，都不会卡。调整，让歌词字幕符合歌词音频，这样铺视频的时候，将相关视频对准一句句歌词就很方便了。会 没有音波显示，糟糕一点，只好边预览边听边调整了，有音波显示的MV制作软件就方便很多。

视频与音频关联

1、歌词内容配画面，不一定所有的都匹配（不是原唱歌很难做到这点），但要保证能配的都配上。

2、两句歌词之间、歌词与前/见/尾奏之间、节奏变换点，等等地方，视频画面要变换。

3、快节奏的歌，快节奏的地方，视频要时时变换符合节奏——即使，你变换的画面让人第一遍欣赏时看不清内容。

视频

1、摄影上取镜范围不变、焦距不变、人物动作基本不变的“静态”视频，比如说话、沉思、特写一类，在没有滤镜、遮罩点缀的情况下，最好不要超过3秒，除非是特殊需要。拉、推、跟镜头、变焦的摄影画面是mv拍摄片源的首选。

2、人物的近景与特写在一个mv拍摄中不要出现过多（哪怕是不同的人），远、中、近、前、后景要分布合理，适当放一些风景、或者主角不在的空镜头。

3、片源如果有黑边，最好统一修剪掉；不修剪的话，不得使用三维、翻页之类让黑边出现在画面中心地带的转场，不得在画中画边缘出现黑边。黑边的存在，还将影响一些滤镜的效果，比如说平均滤镜——狭窄的黑边同样被模糊，一模糊就放大更明显了。

4、尽量不要出现类台标状的东西，实在没办法用光线、光晕、修剪滤镜之类的遮一下。

5、不要天花乱缀式地使用花哨的转场，不要全程用夺目的闪光转场，转场只是点缀，不是mv拍摄主体。一般的淡化转场应该是使用频率最高的。其他，强音“爆炸”使用粉碎转场，回忆、闪回使用闪光转场，等等。

6、对白、名字字幕问题按着需要办，想让人看清字幕的，就选带字幕的视频；不想让人看见的，做全程宽屏的MV，或者想办法遮掉有字幕的视频，用歌词、滤镜都能遮。

7、不要把一个mv拍摄的内容“塞”得很满，有的视频，即使镜头很完美，如果mv拍摄不需要，删。

8、不要留念人物很帅很帅的镜头，该转场的时候一定要转。

9、没有特殊需要，视频速度的调整，不小于50%，不大于125%，否则将出现明显的人为加工痕迹。

10、想表现一件事，要选画面上最合适、让人一目了然的镜头。

视频选景

1、做集锦的，分配客观，不因自己喜好偏于哪个角色。

2、做单人的，不要把镜头一直给在主角身上，尤其不要一直给说话近景，也要给一些主角的远景、与他人的合景、相关的空镜头。如果该主角只有近景，那，滤镜遮罩有什么用什么，人为加工出MV的层次，至少给出主角近景身后的全景。

3、没有特殊需要，电视一角色多演员的，最好只给其中一个演员的近景；一演员多角色的，在一个MV中不要出现代表两个角色的演员近景。

4、乱真。

5、打斗场面，如果原片拍得很差，切换镜头要频繁，无转场的硬切也好，10桢的交叉淡化转场也好，另外适当加快视频速度，切出来的打会好看些。

6、空镜头——天空太阳夕阳月亮云层山岳江水浪花旗帜，是合适的就拿来用。

拍摄注意细节

MV可以简单的看做是“为歌曲拍摄的宣传片”；因为MV并非只是局限在电视上，还可以通过手机、网络、公众号的方式发布，所以MV就逐渐成为很多企事业单位喜爱的一种宣传推广形式。那么，拍摄MV需要注意哪些细节呢？

1、整体画面及节奏的表现力

好的创意与拍摄画面、音乐节奏不仅可以使一条MV主题鲜明，唯美动听、赏心悦目，让观众对音乐电视中展现的内容和品牌留下美好的印象，更能为企业扩大市场知名度，增添品牌美誉度，建立人们对企业的良好印象。因此，MV画面与音乐节奏的表现力是非常重要的环节。

2、做到一片多用

MV不是单纯的某个产品介绍，而是展现整个企业综合实力的传播。所以音乐电视要做到“一片多用”，即要在体现品牌形象方面能取得明显成效，又要为市场推广发挥独特的作用，此外在网上或电视上循环播放，能让人们更多的知道企业，增强对企业品牌的熟悉度。

3、要广泛传播

时下，许多企业不惜花上千万的巨资请形象代言人拍摄MV，却对后续的投放费用卡的非常的紧。在音乐电视制作完成之后，即应该多方位进行广泛传播，才能收到理想的宣传效果。譬如：在电视上发布、在网站上推广、在企业新闻发布会上播放等，也可以分发、邮寄给企业的客户或者有意合作的潜在客户，让客户在深入了解企业或者产品的基础上，增加对企业品牌的认知度和信任度，从而为双方合作打下坚实的基础。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"随着电脑和视频技术的日益进步，如今非专业人士也能制作自己的音乐MV啦。在预算允许的情况下，MV的制作完全靠天马行空的想象力。这篇文章会带你一起探索一下MV的拍法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Hgekdmya2ou28yxgnTecldAunoh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄前的准备","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BwmWdCm8goqyCKxg6aOccaQGnoG"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"了解预算","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pm8Ydi6OqoOMqgxy6TFcI3JHnlg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"优质的MV并不都是投了大笔钱制作非常精良的，历史上极富创意、让人难忘的MV很多都是很简单的低成本作品，也有一些制作费高达几百万美元。事先了解清楚你有多少钱可以使用能够确保你不会超支。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TI2edsiuaoy2kAxZJmccTQC4nsk"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"了解预算","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/43975d14970047528619e30ca742627e","width":1024},"text":"","id":"OYuIdgIksoeSYSxAxLwcSOiJncg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"和艺人或乐队交流","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PmkidM6AsoaAcmxon9FctjONnVh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"和艺人或乐队交流","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2eaaeeb7c9d94f29b51c0b2529101e0d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"N6U0d0Ycyom6wMxsxNWctyIan4g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"他们通常都会对自己的MV和造型有一些想法，有一些会是不错的点子，甚至会有一些极具创意，也有一些需要上千人的配合演出，最前沿的特效技术，还要张艺谋为其掌镜。如果你预算充足，那么基本上你不会受到任何限制，当然了，具体要将哪一个点子融合进MV，决定权还是在你。眼光放实际一些，清楚哪些可行，哪些不那么可行，哪些完全不可能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CC6YdCq8Eoowa8xMv1OchFernXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你恰好是要拍MV的乐队中的一员，你可能面临着独特的优势和挑战。在乐队灵感方面你掌握着第一手全方位的资料，但是另一方面，MV的制作过程可谓压力山大，你很可能因此与队员在个人关系和合作关系上都产生不合，对此一定要谨慎。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ly44dSuGko6qY4xYnW9cZ09rnHd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"好好听mv这首歌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XAokdA88Oo46KsxMx2LcgJZenJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一开始不要做任何别的事情——就静静地听。然后，循环听无数次。还要和歌手或乐队一起听。即便你已经对旋律烂熟于心了，还要想象自己是第一次听到这首歌。它让你产生了什么感觉？它会让你想要跳舞、痛哭、做蠢事儿，或者直接去酒吧喝到挂？又或者它会不会让你产生很复杂的情感？把你对这首歌的反应通通记录下来。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JUC6d6qeaosoyYxYX2pcLO6anYf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"好好听mv这首歌","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9d9b9bcd45f748ecb5596b97094df6a5","width":1024},"text":"","id":"AI02dWCu0oQwAAxUl20cEO9znWg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄方案的确定","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AMSSduc0QogGQsxGQ38cAUYvn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"提炼想法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XIu6dGi4Qoy8EYxGCSEczodkn8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一旦你对这首歌的情感核心有了一些想法，将这些想法加工整合进MV。在这个过程中和你的技术团队讨论会非常有帮助，因为他们知道什么比较容易做到而什么比较困难。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"No0SdwWyAokK8uxk3t6c1Zu5nte"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用在MV里的点子可以既直截了当又很切题。举个例子，如果要制作一首关于在路上与各种人相遇的乡村歌曲，可以跟拍主角驾驶在高速公路上，沿路在小镇里与杂货店的人、加油站的人一一相遇，就如同歌词里写的情境一样。这个点子如果执行得好的话，效果会非常棒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OEgMdU8OwoSEQixcNlIcLBGMnxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"加一些特别的小细节可以让你的MV过目不忘甚至成为经典。以下的点子就会比刚才那笼统的描述生动许多。主角驾驶着一辆57年的雪佛兰敞篷车在一路向西的高速公路上行驶着，第一段出现路边杂货店的农民，第二段出现加油站中坐在悍马里的士兵，第三段里，一个漂亮女生跳进汽车与我们的主角一起驶向远方，如同歌词里写得那样。再设计一些有趣的支线故事——愤怒的白领人士在每一段画面里都做出蠢事儿。第一段里他把芥末挤到了自己衬衣上，第二段里他的保时捷撞上了悍马或者他把汽油滴到了价格不菲的皮鞋上，第三段里他笨拙地向美女不停地抛媚眼。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UG6EdmcoOo2WEexorJnclckMnze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"抽象的奇思妙想能成就一支精彩的MV。脚本无需严格按照歌词写的那么发展——在歌词与视觉内容上形成强烈的反差反而会有意想不到的效果。有的MV甚至是走荒诞怪异风格的。千万不要不敢让观众困惑甚至震惊，如果你觉得这种效果是你的MV必须要的。有时挑战常规才能出奇制胜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuGYduYweo0GW0xmKl4cdcl3nyf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提炼想法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/558aeb683d7e4ac58498327258c8d1e5","width":1024},"text":"","id":"B2KudUIQWoW8auxmIhtcwdkkn3b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选景","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BokydWwSwo0I6IxiUbwcNs0pnZf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在开始拍摄之前，你要想清楚你想在哪里拍摄。有时基于MV理念，你必须跋山涉水去远方或者特地搭一个景。比如我们刚才那首乡村歌曲也许在西北地区就很容易拍摄，但如果是在上海，那么你就必须提前计划场地。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UOC6damocoiYsIx2pyRcrQU0nef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"跟你需要用的场地的主人或管理方交流。最好事先告知周围邻居你要拍摄。如果你不说的话，他们很可能会困惑甚至被你的拍摄干扰到。提前熟悉一下当地的噪音条例，以防万一被警察约谈时你完全不知所措。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yk0sdQGuUoW8KYxE1hPcR05anIb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"选景","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/48c132bd86494ff0afcee4ed2b47bc3b","width":1024},"text":"","id":"RIY6d4OwuokSCsxD0FBc3QZMnEx"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"制作剧情图板","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HcKIdOYimome4wxovuxcRuvDn3O"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它是你拍摄时最有用的策划工具了。所谓剧情图板就是用来指导拍摄动作的以一镜为单位的图板。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUmOdM4qooecw4xQ7cScUNsNnhc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐MV通常会运用大量的电影技巧或视觉效果来创作独特的观看体验，如果你打算在MV中融入以上任何一种，记得把它们写进你的剧情图板。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HGoAd2USyo2qWgxshpIcjFPDn8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"剧情图板不用制作得太浮夸。它可以简单得只有演员走位以及场景道具，也可以详细到连演员分镜头、表情、移动方向等等都有。如果你完全没有绘画天赋，别担心——你可以制作文字版剧情图板。只要你对于每一镜应该拍些什么都心中有数，并且可以让共事的人都明白，那就可以了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKEGd4YUao0qcQxkPYccKuPGnMf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"尝试将你的MV按视觉场景分割开来。如果你把要在某一个场地拍摄的所有内容都一次拍完，那就大大节约了拍摄时间（就算情节顺序不对，事后仍然可以拼接成完整的MV）。用这种方法规划你的拍摄可以尽可能地省时省力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QGIAduyu6oYu6ExakZzcGw5SnMh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"组建拍摄团队","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R2mqdW8EcoY6awxWqcTcklgcnKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"根据制作规模的不同，你有可能需要完全靠自己和演员，也可能拥有一大批的团队听你差遣。基于你需要完成的工作，以下是你需要考虑寻找人才的职位：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WeiUdkwWSoWqM0xg5TRcVu5Bnhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摄像师，摄像师负责通过多台摄像机捕捉镜头。构思镜头是你的事，但接下来的构建场景、和灯光师协调确保场地光线完美、告诉收音师要在场地的哪里收音等等，都需要摄像师来做。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WyKAdEqiGoeOCax0cMBczo59nWG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"灯光师，需要有人来确保所有灯都会亮，演员在镜头里能看得清楚，以及所有光线都适合拍摄，而这个人就是灯光师。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ImEud4iYyoO0SuxyKCkcccOJnBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"收音师，在电影的拍摄场景中，收音师就是在每个人面前和场地中举着麦克风的那个人；而在MV拍摄中（通常没有对话），收音师就是不停播放音乐让演员好配合演出的那个人。在按“暂停”、“播放”、“回放”的间隙，他也负责拿可乐、披萨以及其他杂物。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaGmdQGCYoMIw0xWSUIcUSG3nhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"场务，场务是负责搬各种电线、灯光、装备、桌椅等一切被挪进场地的杂物的。当你在构思更加重要的东西时，如果有人能帮你帮这些杂事都处理好，那么拍摄会进行得顺利很多的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SyGgdEEYioWWCUxuuh1cfocnnTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"服装师，根据预算的不同，你可能只需要简单地给演员下个指令就行（“穿牛仔裤和贴身T恤”），或者帮演员订好需要的戏服。不管是哪种方式，一旦有换衣服的需要，你就要确保有人能在每个场景的间隙协调好这件事，并且演员们可以有换衣服的私人空间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Iyged4Y4MoKS4exyeAncfrYDnug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"道具师，同样的，这个人可能还是你。总要有人去找拍摄用的汽车，加上演员要使用的道具——比如一挤就能挤出来的芥末瓶，以及需要特地找来的、演员会拿起或者放下来的所有东西。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I4KAdsswOoQ8EaxsXcvc11A3njc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"场记，除非你准备一镜到底拍摄完所有东西，不然你肯定需要有人来确保上下场的连接度，防止穿帮镜头，这就是场记的工作。他们通常借助摄像机来记录位置，也要确保第一场中芥末在衬衫上留下的污渍在三天后拍摄的最后一场里依然“健在”而且没有变形。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8oUdSumgoaag8xop6Bcuncknee"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"组建拍摄团队","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9df0527cfa364f068f1cb66e6f6ee192","width":1024},"text":"","id":"KI6wdS0CWocQwax4ipbcDBUcnfN"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"开拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SoMQdKi6eoA2wOxaM04c7HjQnBc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄流程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JwcydgeiyokkO0xWgGdcHKVBnNc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"设置场地","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TywwdYG2KowkUUxEHhOcGiQ4nmc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"现在你已经准备就绪了，演员们也排练得非常到位，整个团队都整装待发，接下来就要开始设置场景正式开拍了。精心挑选一个拍摄场景。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RY4edyiKyoSSO2xmoj7c2pR6nvc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"设置场地","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ffed97ee157149a7a2349f19a274c1ed","width":1023},"text":"","id":"OkYCdsqa2oSsWWxGItLcUaF6n6f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"设置摄像","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYiGdc0EEoqQyix4T0acJVg6n2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不妨先用三脚架拍摄MV中静态的场景，因为摇晃不定的摄像有时会让观众分心。其他时候你可以使用手持防抖摄像机来拍摄动态一些的场面，或者用一架完全自由形态的摄像机拍摄高度动态的场面。如果你人手和预算都够用，那就把以角度为主导的和以风格为主导的都拍了，这样在剪辑时可以多些创意化的选择。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HcMcd8Y0woiswwxrnxXcydo8nwa"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"设置摄像","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7d61819437854c688e1e0b49e95d4c18","width":1023},"text":"","id":"V8i8dKy0Ao2gsaxsrq6cCFCXnSe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"让演员就位","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YokSd2sUSo8mEwxE5ZjcC49knGg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果他们在开拍时已经在镜头里，那就让他们记住自己的位置。如果他们是随着拍摄的进行逐渐进入到镜头中的，那就让他们在进入点等候。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jme6dUumUoewEUxOkB3cPjtFnke"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"让演员就位","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d56c3a557542488f920391af1659bbbf","width":1023},"text":"","id":"K06EdE62IosEE8xQHoyckfxTnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M8OSdaKu2o8AgKx4rAecJiR0nsh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"让音乐就绪","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BA2UdemqyogGIkxU3YZcvzPPnNf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"让音响师在歌曲里定位好合适的点，让演员和工作人员的拍摄在时间上可以与音乐保持同步。一开始拍摄时，播得越久越好。如果已经拍了好多镜头，你可以缩短这部分的时间。当音响师准备就绪、音乐声要响起时，他会喊“加速！”（意为当磁带已经自动播放完毕时需要一定时间将它倒带）。收音师也会把声音同时收进视频中，这样后制人员能够有迹可循。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yosid6QiyoAACkx687BcvIjZnpb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"让音乐就绪","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d23ee3a1d59f4a8ba78f89ca2ddc8251","width":1024},"text":"","id":"MksYdeqsuoomwsxqCeScyX5mnhd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"灯光","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YUE8dMEwQoGwMoxAR3McpK58n1f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"让所有负责灯光的工作人员各就各位，所有需要打开的灯都打开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NSosdkCk2oisscxy0ohc5b4OnAd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"灯光","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/749b7b73377f46a0858c286ddd276174","width":1023},"text":"","id":"GmGydSuEYoeU6QxM70vcaD7Wnef"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"摄像","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAw0dEYqkogS6KxW28GcQiUsnDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摄像师按下开始录制的按钮，然后开始拍摄。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M8CqdMQU2ocKkixs1Woctfx8nde"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"摄像","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a0ed813753f4b808cf6718522b1d047","width":1024},"text":"","id":"Moqwd4CcioCSeqxecKvcAolOnHd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"开拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QW0edYywSo8y4CxobBPciXuYn8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一旦开拍了，演员们就会开始表演。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U0Aida4G4oasiyxstykcXaMknbb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"开拍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e1c3e75bac7b40fb9d2197133989a132","width":1024},"text":"","id":"BG2uda8MEoeeKOxjYUlcVgH9nIA"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重复拍摄MV里的所有场景","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SaSUdgMCkocaSqxAl5hce5gUn4g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最后你会得到无数条带子，包含了不同的角度，有好的也有坏的，接下来会很有趣的！电影的拍摄是一项极其复杂、巨细靡遗的过程，在这篇文章里提到的只是冰山一角。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Y40yd4MW0ow4amxyEZBcRqrdnMh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"重复拍摄MV里的所有场景","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4ece63655d26490587a0e038a3dffcc9","width":1024},"text":"","id":"T2YSdWoCwoqEOWxgFsVcyyRDnif"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Msayd2oycogUI8x2jTjcVp0andh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄的基本方式可分为推、拉、摇、移、跟、甩、升、降等。当图片受到边框的限制时，可称为运动摄像机或运动镜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ems4dkgWooYIeExa6rUcFpuynbf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"短视频的拍摄技巧包括镜头语言、定场镜头、空镜头、分镜头、移动镜头等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GQ0Odwue6oIGOgxuSiRc8FKvnOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"镜头语言包括景观和相机运动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R0iwdOcQqo8GeCxI1OLcChI2nYf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":828,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6d41cfe4c41044f0bb07abbda1cf3da6","width":1242},"text":"","id":"RQUsd2AeEoSuG0xqyYQcuuB1ned"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"景别","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYy0dWwckoGKqOx83W4cYpeKn8f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"根据镜头与主体的距离，景观可分为以下几类。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XwOkdKeGuo6QqGxgdamcxGBXnih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"远景：远距离镜头，人物很小，常见的有航拍镜头。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYkCdwyA6oi2EoxCKzLcR7wkn7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"远景:深远的镜头景观，人物在画面中只占很小的位置。从广义上讲，根据不同的景观距离，视野三个层次：大视野、远视和小视野。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QuMWdYgKaoUuYmxc4TOcIYzwnuq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大全景：包括整个拍摄对象和周围环境的图片，通常被用作影视作品的环境介绍，也被称为最广泛的镜头。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BIKGdAoEcowkK4xCe5nc12m7nXc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"全景：摄入全身或小场景的影视画面相当于戏剧和歌舞剧场舞台框中的景观。在全景中可以看到角色的动作和环境。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JmsGdeUQCowmW0x8d2Pctzs1nMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"小全景:比全景小很多，画面可以保持相对完整。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jimqd4uQCoeEQSxGkXhcKQNknLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中间场景：指拍摄人物小腿以上部分的镜头，或用于拍摄相同的场景镜头，是表演场景中常用的场景。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H2k8d82gWoyEUcxYnWTcF2N5nGh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半身景：俗称半身像，是指从人物腰部到头部的景色，又称中近景。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MKaedmeKUokks0xAhRzcDDShncg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"近景：拍摄时取人物胸部以上的影视画面，有时也用于表现场景的某一部分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X4o2d2cqMoIUYkxioTec2SRonOg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"特写:指相机在非常近距离拍摄的对象。通常以人肩以上的头像作为拍摄参考，旨在强调人体的某个部位，或相应的物体细节、景物细节等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmKSdg200oomUexmQc0ccI3yn3d"},{"ty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Vegas、iMovie、Adobe Premiere、Final Cut Pro，还是其他高端的软件，奇迹将在此发生。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IEimd4GMSocYa4xWSJFcDFP6n4m"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"开启编辑软件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4c5331d8c1594b0eb807331633f4cebb","width":1024},"text":"","id":"PeeeduWaWoCmCwxyWGgcWZ32n7c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用最好的素材","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OKCsd0YUioM0qIxUBgOcadmSn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从头到尾地看你的拍摄，每个带子都要看，找到最好的。运用视频中收到的音来与音乐轨迹相匹配。不必担心音轨中有轻微的噪音，因为这并不是你的最终视频。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BUYydo0kcoggikxY5XkcZItSnLb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"使用最好的素材","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/049f9a7f7efb46ec86f5b6c1363b38a8","width":1024},"text":"","id":"Gcm0dwEM4oOQIYxqPhecE9knnfb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"将音轨覆盖在画面中","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XW42d68woocM0SxG2P9cib43nsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"随着音轨的上载，查看画面和音乐是否同步。一般来说它们会很接近，但不会完美同步的。做一些细小的调整，让画面与声音和谐——这点对于有乐队","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"出境","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的画面尤其重要，因为稍有差池就会十分明显。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V88MduESuoaI6kxQPM5c8Wkdnee"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"将音轨覆盖在画面中","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/91a90e2cf9d048babfb17b8c04f264d8","width":1024},"text":"","id":"ZecidySakoEWY6xOKclcnPmdnpg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"视频中加入片头","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Hmcade8oCoqyikxS2oqczdG3nue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"以前的MV通常都会在片头打出歌曲名称、歌手名字、 唱片公司和MV导演名字。现在的一些歌手选择把这些信息作“电影化”的处理。可以和你的工作团队、演员、乐队们讨论下是否要加上这些信息。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L4M4d68WWowuMaxMHXlchIHAnIf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频中加入片头","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/38fdbd55d3fa453aa12de2b4b5e4c185","width":1024},"text":"","id":"Gm0OdW2qwoSW0oxugk5cs3dMn2c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"剪辑技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HckYdw2YqocwM6xqMa1cgKxLnTb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音频","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WyKgd4s6oo282SxotOGcxduXnRd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、如果mv拍摄中有多个音频，没有特殊需要的话，保持其音量一致。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EewUd86s0oiwKixExVnc8Im8nfc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果mv拍摄是纯音乐配画面的，疾配快，缓配慢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KYOQdwCAso0O08xywhHcU21anEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、如果mv拍摄是有歌词的音乐，歌词内容配画面的同时，疾配快，缓配慢。建议歌词先铺在轨道上，因为只有歌词的预览是不会卡的，就算你128内存用PRE，都不会卡。调整，让歌词字幕符合歌词音频，这样铺视频的时候，将相关视频对准一句句歌词就很方便了。会 没有音波显示，糟糕一点，只好边预览边听边调整了，有音波显示的MV制作软件就方便很多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JieOdWSUQogkGYxMVo5c6XHRnpc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"视频与音频关联","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsWqdIY0AoYmCgxeKihceiIungb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、歌词内容配画面，不一定所有的都匹配（不是原唱歌很难做到这点），但要保证能配的都配上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Dmi8dOaAaoAyUIxgvvicItPBnAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、两句歌词之间、歌词与前/见/尾奏之间、节奏变换点，等等地方，视频画面要变换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TQEad6qgeoEUmSxSECJcjGiHnld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、快节奏的歌，快节奏的地方，视频要时时变换符合节奏——即使，你变换的画面让人第一遍欣赏时看不清内容。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZIKkdqWiSoEuYIxoTHTcSrEAnrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"视频","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TY2Yd8KaSoKkw0xCCLBcqidcnrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、摄影上取镜范围不变、焦距不变、人物动作基本不变的“静态”视频，比如说话、沉思、特写一类，在没有滤镜、遮罩点缀的情况下，最好不要超过3秒，除非是特殊需要。拉、推、跟镜头、变焦的摄影画面是mv拍摄片源的首选。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MYmSd6qoSoAGCIxie88cu77znHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、人物的近景与特写在一个mv拍摄中不要出现过多（哪怕是不同的人），远、中、近、前、后景要分布合理，适当放一些风景、或者主角不在的空镜头。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZQU4dsyQAoK6KUx2BqTcIwyEndc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、片源如果有黑边，最好统一修剪掉；不修剪的话，不得使用三维、翻页之类让黑边出现在画面中心地带的转场，不得在画中画边缘出现黑边。黑边的存在，还将影响一些滤镜的效果，比如说平均滤镜——狭窄的黑边同样被模糊，一模糊就放大更明显了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JiiSdciAcoS4Oix2BlLc6b4unwK"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、尽量不要出现类台标状的东西，实在没办法用光线、光晕、修剪滤镜之类的遮一下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DUwkd20YEoyQIkxiOMgcCKdVnqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、不要天花乱缀式地使用花哨的转场，不要全程用夺目的闪光转场，转场只是点缀，不是mv拍摄主体。一般的淡化转场应该是使用频率最高的。其他，强音“爆炸”使用粉碎转场，回忆、闪回使用闪光转场，等等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JgAkdEUgCoGkksxCizhcXBNwnCb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、对白、名字字幕问题按着需要办，想让人看清字幕的，就选带字幕的视频；不想让人看见的，做全程宽屏的MV，或者想办法遮掉有字幕的视频，用歌词、滤镜都能遮。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmukdoqEgoGi0wxuUq8cbaxAnre"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、不要把一个mv拍摄的内容“塞”得很满，有的视频，即使镜头很完美，如果mv拍摄不需要，删。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkqKdQOqqogiAex2oi3coRGmn1X"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、不要留念人物很帅很帅的镜头，该转场的时候一定要转。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M8Kcdi6UcoGQ4ExYz6JcUGqenWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、没有特殊需要，视频速度的调整，不小于50%，不大于125%，否则将出现明显的人为加工痕迹。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DsIAdsiu4oYYa8x2J6tciTaonQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10、想表现一件事，要选画面上最合适、让人一目了然的镜头。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WccodwQaioaWoqxuowlcF7URnOe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"视频选景","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YsyQd0Eq2ogYQqxI9M3c4hPOnGK"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、做集锦的，分配客观，不因自己喜好偏于哪个角色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KSeqdmaiUo0AeexgZiocNoQGnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、做单人的，不要把镜头一直给在主角身上，尤其不要一直给说话近景，也要给一些主角的远景、与他人的合景、相关的空镜头。如果该主角只有近景，那，滤镜遮罩有什么用什么，人为加工出MV的层次，至少给出主角近景身后的全景。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KIcEdCiGso66AYxOEDVcxHyDnld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、没有特殊需要，电视一角色多演员的，最好只给其中一个演员的近景；一演员多角色的，在一个MV中不要出现代表两个角色的演员近景。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CaUodooMKoYSAqxe4DVcwTnbnwh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、乱真。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NiGydEk2OougWMxEVw9c8Ygjnfd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、打斗场面，如果原片拍得很差，切换镜头要频繁，无转场的硬切也好，10桢的交叉淡化转场也好，另外适当加快视频速度，切出来的打会好看些。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EaE6dKwq2oGIEYxCwqmcV0KfnVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、空镜头——天空太阳夕阳月亮云层山岳江水浪花旗帜，是合适的就拿来用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YqUWdACIoosCsQxes5kcQJsRnfc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":375,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频选景","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/60becfd02d134450a96332f8672536ae","width":500},"text":"","id":"YaeOdwQmQokaquxEFuNcllJrnve"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄注意细节","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KoScdwmAiowiYqxyqK9cbnGendg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"MV可以简单的看做是“为歌曲拍摄的宣传片”；因为MV并非只是局限在电视上，还可以通过手机、网络、公众号的方式发布，所以MV就逐渐成为很多企事业单位喜爱的一种宣传推广形式。那么，拍摄MV需要注意哪些细节呢？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SAYGdeUaEokee4xgnuucgTignzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、整体画面及节奏的表现力","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Omusdkga4oCkOyxaQnGcH51Mnrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"好的创意与拍摄画面、音乐节奏不仅可以使一条MV主题鲜明，唯美动听、赏心悦目，让观众对音乐电视中展现的内容和品牌留下美好的印象，更能为企业扩大市场知名度，增添品牌美誉度，建立人们对企业的良好印象。因此，MV画面与音乐节奏的表现力是非常重要的环节。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZYuwdeoA6o6G82xmkv2cc6Aanob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、做到一片多用","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKEedescCoiMIKxaWcxcupwjnJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"MV不是单纯的某个产品介绍，而是展现整个企业综合实力的传播。所以音乐电视要做到“一片多用”，即要在体现品牌形象方面能取得明显成效，又要为市场推广发挥独特的作用，此外在网上或电视上循环播放，能让人们更多的知道企业，增强对企业品牌的熟悉度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LUiKdOk6UoUQakxSM8CcpyPEnUg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、要广泛传播","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UYwidQu4Qos60ixY36VclsS9nyL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"时下，许多企业不惜花上千万的巨资请形象代言人拍摄MV，却对后续的投放费用卡的非常的紧。在音乐电视制作完成之后，即应该多方位进行广泛传播，才能收到理想的宣传效果。譬如：在电视上发布、在网站上推广、在企业新闻发布会上播放等，也可以分发、邮寄给企业的客户或者有意合作的潜在客户，让客户在深入了解企业或者产品的基础上，增加对企业品牌的认知度和信任度，从而为双方合作打下坚实的基础。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VGQAdcgmmo4aA4xMhiHcnDKJnjg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"拍摄注意细节","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/18d6f509ae644017803778345f5b1f73","width":1024},"text":"","id":"PsESdcMIoo2geQxQlZgcExvEnlg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AoGsdIiiCou6AQxKsINcAejznyf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KI8Edio84o0SISx6K3McB0binsh"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

9. 轻骑qm300j2l

现在家家户户都离不开冰箱，冰箱对我们的生活有非常大的帮助，如果有吃不完的食物或者需要储存食物都可以存放在冰箱里，以防止食品的变质。这样既方便又容易。但是由于冰箱夜以继⽇地⼯作，有时难免会出现些故障，出现故障该怎么维修呢？

冰箱构造

维修冰箱，首先我们需要了解冰箱的构造。

家用电冰箱由箱体、制冷系统、温度控制装置三部分组成。

箱体

箱体的组成：外壳、内衬、绝热层、台面。

箱体的基本作用是绝热，绝热性能的优劣直接关系到箱体的保温性能。

箱体的隔热功能主要是从以下几个方面来实现的：

1、外壳与内衬之间填充绝热材料。

2、箱门装有磁性密封条防止冷气外漏和热空气侵入。

3、箱顶的顶板下面垫有高密度聚苯乙烯泡沫板，起隔热作用。

制冷系统

制冷系统组成：压缩机、冷凝器、蒸发器、毛细管。

制冷系统自成一个封闭的循环系统。其中蒸发器安装在电冰箱内部的上方，其他部件安装在电冰箱的背面。

工作原理：系统里充灌了一种叫“氟里12(CF2Cl2，国际符号R12)”的物质作为制冷剂（氟利昂类包括氟利昂12和氟利昂11等等是一般传统的制冷剂，现在更多的是新兴的无氟制冷剂如R600a、R404a等，不过制冷原理是一样的）。氟里昂12在蒸发器里由低压液体汽化为气体，吸收冰箱内的热量，使箱内温度降低。变成气态的氟里昂12被压缩机吸入，靠压缩机把它压缩成高温高压的气体，再排入冷凝器。在冷凝器中气态的氟里昂12不断向周围空间放热，逐步液化成液体。这些高压液体必须流经毛细管，节流降压才能缓慢流入蒸发器，维持在蒸发器里继续不断地汽化，吸热降温。就这样，冰箱利用电能做功，借助制冷剂的物态变化，把箱内蒸发器周围的热量搬送到箱后冷凝器里去放出，如此周而复始不断地循环，以达到制冷目的。

内部汽化吸热 → 外部液化放热→ 箱内温度降低

温度控制装置

冰箱的温度控制装置叫温度控制器。它的主要作用是当箱内温度过高时接通压缩机，使制冷系统工作，从而使箱温降下来，当箱温降至要求的温度时，使压缩机断电。

故障检测方法

冰箱故障的检查方法一般可分为问、看、听、摸、测试等。通过检查，综合分析判断，逐渐缩小故障范围，找出故障点。

问

首先问明冰箱的使用情况、故障现象及使用年限，特别是旧机器，要了解机器的故障史及以前维修后的使用情况，对曾维修过制冷系统的机器，要多留意冰堵、脏堵、混入空气、冷冻油是否变质等故障。

看

1、首先看蒸发器结霜的情况，在压缩机运转的情况下，如果出现蒸发器表面无霜、结不满霜或结霜不实等情况，都说明制冷系统工作不正常。

2、冰箱冷冻室结冰，说明温控器温差过大，停机时间过长等因素造成的，直冷式双门冰箱的冷藏室蒸发器总是结满霜而无结霜、化霜交替变化，说明温控器发生故障。

3、检查制冷系统中管路的各个焊接处及蒸发器表面，看是否有渗漏的痕迹，凡渗漏处都会有油渍。

4、查看压缩机回气管是否结霜，如结霜，则说明制冷剂冲入量过多，对于间冷式冰箱，如压缩机回气管结霜，还应考虑是否由于风扇不转而引起。遇到这种情况，可以打开箱门，按下门框按钮，查看风扇是否旋转。

5、查看箱门是否有缝隙。如果箱门有缝隙，则冰箱保温性能差，导致压缩机开机时间长，停机时间短，而且冰箱结霜多。

听

1、接通冰箱电源，如果听到启动器“叭嗒”一声，压缩机在0.2秒至0.5秒内启动，随后压缩机发出轻微而且有节奏的运转声，说明压缩机启动正常。如压缩机发出沉闷的“嗡嗡”声，而后连续听到“叭嗒”的启动器触点断开、吸合的声音，有时还带有压缩机的振动声，最后可以听到热保护器“叭”的一声响，随后切断压缩机电源。此故障可以考虑以下原因：

a、电源电压低，压缩机卡缸、抱缸轴。

b、电动机扫堂。

c、电动机绕组短路。

d、电动机启动绕组开路。

e、气路系统管路堵塞。

f、启动继电器故障等。使用排除法，确定故障原因。

2、压缩机运转时，机壳内有明显的喷气声，说明压缩机排气缓冲管断裂漏气。若压缩机机壳有破裂声，说明压缩机高、低压阀片破裂、漏气。压缩机刚停机时，听到机壳内有明显的跑气声音，说明压缩机阀板的高低压纸垫被击穿、排气减震管泄漏、阀片磨损或阀片、阀口处积碳。压缩机运转时，如果机壳发出“当当”的撞击声，说明压缩机内支撑弹簧断裂或疲劳变形。

3、高压液态制冷剂通过毛细管进入蒸发器，迅速蒸发沸腾，同时发出“嘶嘶”的气流声音，并时常伴流水的声音，属于正常现象。如果听到蒸发器内有“叽叽”声，或者有断断续续的憋气声，故障通常为脏堵、油堵或者冰堵。周期性较长的断续喷气声一般为冰堵。若蒸发器内只有气流声，而且不结霜，说明系统内制冷剂基本漏完。

4、冰箱有时发出断断续续的噪音，往往是由于冰箱支脚落地不稳，制冷系统管路相互碰撞以及压缩机与箱体底座螺丝松动等原因引起共振造成的。

摸

冰箱正常运行时，制冷系统各个部分的温度通过触摸，可以对制冷系统状况有个大致的判断。(制冷系统各个部分的温度还受环境温度的影响，环境温度升高时，冷凝器、过滤器、回气管和压缩机的温度明显升高，反之，上述部分的温度明显降低。)

1、压缩机运转时，触摸冷凝器上部，应很热(大于55℃)。如不热，可能是制冷系统漏气、堵塞或压缩机没有排气压力等故障。

2、正常时，触摸干燥过滤器应有热的感觉(约55℃)。如制冷系统过脏，会造成干燥过滤器温度升高，对于刚刚维修过的冰箱，如果干燥过滤器温度过高，一般为毛细管阻流偏大，制冷剂充入量过大。

3、压缩机正常工作时，触摸压缩机回气管，应没有热感(接近于环境温度)。如果温度高，说明系统少制冷剂，管路微堵或系统中混入空气。如果感觉到冷或者有露水甚至结霜时，说明制冷剂充入量过多。

4、压缩机机壳的温度一般在70℃以下。即使在夏季，冰箱首次开机时，压缩机经过连续长时间的工作，机壳温度也不超过85℃。

5、如果蒸发器上结的霜用手一摸就脱落(称为虚霜)，并且压缩机回气管结满霜，说明充入的制冷剂过多或新换的毛细管过粗、过短。

6、用手触摸蒸发器表面，如果发现蒸发器结不满霜，说明系统制冷剂不足或毛细管半堵塞。

测试

通过测量冰箱的温度、压力、开机与停机比、运转电流以及压缩机的绝缘电阻和直流电阻等，对冰箱进行检查。

1、测温度

用电机温度计测量电冰箱的温度。电冰箱的温度按国家标准吸气温度为三十二摄氏度，蒸发温度为负二十三摄氏度一下，排气温度为五十五摄氏度左右，过冷温度为三十二摄氏度左右。

1、冰箱靠近墙面放置会导致冰箱发烫，也不能在冰箱的周围覆盖东西，这样都会阻碍冰箱散热，使温度上升，应该保持冰箱有足够的空间散热。

2、在使用冰箱的时候不要打开频繁，频繁的打开冰箱会让里的温度升高，加大冰箱的工作量，冰箱长期处于运转状态就会使温度更高的。这时要减少开冰箱的次数。

3、停用之后特别是在夏季温度很高的时候，冰箱要达到设定的制冷温度会需要很长时间，长时间的运转就会使冰箱的温度升高，冰箱一旦使用最好不要停用了。

2、测压力

冰箱的正常压力值在0.03~0.08mpa。

a、吸气压力过高，通常由：制冷剂充入过多、新换毛细管过短、压缩机性能*的原因引起。

b、出现吸气压力为负压时，通常由：制冷剂不足、系统内有堵塞现象、新换毛细管太细、太长。

2、测量冰箱的开机与停机之比

冰箱的开机与停机之比与它的制冷系统、保温性能、温控器性能、调节位置、环境温度、电路系统、冰箱内食品的多少以及开门次数等有着直接的关系。

3、测量工作电流

1、如果工作电流大于额定电流，说明制冷剂充入量过多，制冷系统微堵、压缩机局部短路。

2、如果工作电流小于额定电流，说明制冷系统有泄漏或系统完全堵塞。

3、测量绝缘电阻和直流电阻：(对于匝间短路不严重或匝间绝缘不良的电机绕组，用电阻测量方法很难分辨电机故障，因此只能采用测量工作电流的方法来判断)。

缺少制冷剂，或蒸发器内有沉积的冷冻机油，导致压缩机效率降低。

冰箱故障分类

电冰箱的故障可分为电气系统故障和制冷系统故障两大类。

电气系统故障分析

电气系统主要包括温控部分和压缩机电动机控制部分。由此而引起的故障现象是电冰箱接通电源后压缩机不起动和接通电源后压缩机运转不停。

1、首先用万用表欧姆挡测量冰箱电源插头的阻值。

压缩机的三个接线端子以及与起动器之间的接线情况如图所示：C——公共端、M——运行端、S——起动端。

各绕组间直流电阻值如下：运行绕组C、M两端约10.5Ω；起动绕组C、S两端约22Ω；而运行和起动绕组阻值的和即S、M端的阻值约为32.5Ω。正常时电路所有的开关触点都接通，对于重锤起动器式的冰箱，因重锤式起动器触点未通电而未接通，回路阻值为压缩机运行绕组的阻值，一般为10—20Ω左右，对于PTC起动冰箱，回路的直流电阻为起动器20Ω阻值与起动绕组串联后再与运行绕组并联，所以其电阻略小于压缩机运行绕组的阻值。

通过测得的阻值来判断电路的工作状态，阻值偏大时，要检查温度控制器、过载保护器、压缩机电动机以及线路和触点接触情况，阻值偏小时一般是短路，主要检查压缩机电动机及其线路。

2、要进一步判断还要对冰箱通电检查。

通电前先检查温控器开关是否正常。如温度控制器装在电冰箱的冷藏室内，当放置的环境温度低于设计温度时不会起动运转，故有的冰箱设计了冬季补偿开关，补偿开关打开后则温度控制器感温管附近的加热器开始加热，强制升温使压缩机运转，目的是牺牲冷藏室的正常温度而保证冷冻室的温度。

如果温控器内的开关都正常，而通电后压缩机不起动，可用一根导线短接重锤式起动器的两个静触点，注意导线短接时间不要太长，以不超过2s为宜，时间长将会使起动绕组烧坏。如果短接后冰箱能起动，说明起动器有故障，重锤式起动器长期起动易使触点烧坏，测量时拆下起动器，用万用表欧姆RX1挡，将两表笔插入接线柱插孔内。起动器正着放时相当于正常运转状态，即未接通，万用表测量阻值为无穷大；将起动器倒过来时相当于起动状态，万用表指示为0Ω，则说明起动器是好的。

如果用导线短接后仍不能起动，就需要检查保护器。可用短接法检查保护器，将保护器的两个接线铜片短接起来，如果冰箱能够起动运转，说明保护器有故障，可能是电热丝烧断或碟形双金属片受阻不能下翻，如果冰箱仍不能起动，则是压缩机或起动器有问题。检查时，把起动器和保护器拆下，露出电动机的三根接线柱。测每两个接线柱之间的电阻值，如正常，说明电动机绕组没有故障。如不正常，不要急于拆开压缩机，可以采用直接接通电源的方法进行检查。具体办法是：用带有电源插头的两根电源线接在M、C接线柱上，也就是运行绕组上，再用螺钉旋具作为导线同时碰触M和S端，然后把插头插入电源插座，如果电动机和压缩机没有故障，就会起动。起动2s左右，就要把螺钉旋具移开，电动机进入正常运转。如果检查压缩机能起动运转，说明电动机没有故障，故障发生在电动机外部，可能是外引线折断或接线柱接触不良，也可能是环境温度过低等。否则为压缩机故障。

制冷系统故障分析

电冰箱不制冷

电冰箱运转不停，但是不制冷，冷凝器不热，蒸发器不凉。这种故障一般出现在制冷系统。

可能原因是制冷剂泄漏，或者冰堵、脏堵，或是压缩机有故障。由于制冷系统是封闭的，所以可通过观察管路表面有无油污、用手触摸各部分的温度、耳听运行声音来检查。

1、检查管路表面是否有油污

仔细检查冷凝器、过滤器、毛细管、蒸发器；吸气管、压缩机外壳及管路结合处。如果发现有油污，说明制冷剂泄漏。这时可切开压缩机的工艺管。如果有少量的制冷剂喷出，就进一步证明是制冷剂泄漏。

如果没有油污，则需要进一步检查压缩机的温度。

2、检查压缩机的温度

用手摸压缩机，如果压缩机的温度不太高，和运转时差不多，说明管路畅通，没有堵塞现象，而可能是高压缓冲管破裂、活塞穿孔、排气阀同吸气阀短路等。这时可切开高压排气管，排出制冷剂。

3、检查压缩机开机时的情况

切断电冰箱的电源，打开箱门；使制冷系统各个部件恢复到室温。然后接通电源，电冰箱启动运转。如果开始时蒸发器结霜较好，冷凝器发热，低压吸气管发凉；由冰箱上部能听到气流声和水流声，但过一会儿，蒸发器结霜融化，只在毛细管同蒸发器结合部位结有少量霜；冷凝器不热，低压吸气管不凉，用耳朵贴近电冰箱上部听不到声音，说明出现了冰堵。这时如果用热毛巾敷在毛细管同蒸发器的结合处，又能重新制冷，则进一步证实是冰堵。

如果开机的时候不见蒸发器结霜，冷凝器不热，低压气管不凉，用耳朵贴近电冰箱上部听不到声音，则可以初步认为发生了脏堵。这时，可以切断高压排气管，排出制冷剂，用手指按住排气管，启动压缩机，如果手指感到有较大的压力，说明管路发生脏堵。

电冰箱制冷效果差

电冰箱运转不停，但箱内温度达不到要求，制冷效果差。这可能是由于使用不当或箱门关闭不严造成的。也可能是制冷系统故障引起的。一般应先检查使用情况和箱门情况，再检查制冷系统。

1、检查使用情况

首先要了解环境温度。如果高于43℃，制冷效果差一些是正常的。如果环境温度不高，要打开箱门检查。如果箱内食品太多，特别是放入了温度高的食品，食品释放出大量的热量；或者打开箱门次数太多，外界热空气不断进人箱内，或者未及时化霜等，所有这些都会使电冰箱长时间运转不停，制冷效果差。

2、检查箱门

电冰箱箱门关闭不严，热空气会从缝隙处不断进入箱内。这可能是磁性门封条失去磁性、老化变形，或是箱门翘曲造成的。

3、检查制冷系统

如果使用情况正常，箱门又能关闭严密，那么制冷效果差的故障就出在制冷系统。由于制冷系统仍能工作，因此，可能是制冷剂部分泄漏、部分冰堵或部分脏堵，也可能是压缩机内部故障。

检查的顺序是首先观察管路表面有无油污。如果有油污，说明制冷剂部分泄漏，这时可以切开工艺管，灌入适量的氟里昂制冷剂，再次启动运转。如果运转正常，证明是制冷剂部分泄漏。如果管路表面没有油污，可检查开机时的情况。如果开机时制冷正常，蒸发器结霜良好，在电冰箱上部能听到气流声和水流声，但过了一会儿制冷效果变差，只能听到微弱的气流声和流水声，说明是部分冰堵。

如果开机时制冷效果就差，用耳朵贴近冰箱上部只能听到微弱的气流声和水流声，这可能是脏堵或压缩机内部故障，需要进一步检查。这时，可切开工艺管，灌入适量的氟里昂制冷剂，并接入气压表，启动压缩机。如果气压表所示气压下降到正常值（0.06～0.08MPa）以下，说明压缩机内部没有故障，只是管路有部分脏堵。如果气压下降到正常值以上，说明压缩机性能下降，严重时需要拆开压缩机详细检查和修理。

如果制冷系统混入空气，或者制冷剂充加过多或不足，都可能影响制冷效果。

制冷系统中充加过多的制冷剂，会使过多的制冷剂在蒸发器内不能很好蒸发，液体制冷剂返回压缩机中，这样压缩机的吸气量减少，制冷系统低压端压力升高，又影响蒸发器内制冷剂的蒸发量；造成制冷能力下降。同时，过多的制冷剂会占去冷凝器的一部分容积，减少散热面积，使冷凝器的冷却效率降低，吸气压力和蒸发温度也相应提高，吸气管出现结霜现象。遇到这种情况，必须及时将多余的制冷剂排出制冷系统，否则不但不能提高降温效果，反而使压缩机有液击冲缸的危险。

制冷系统充加的制冷剂过少时，会使蒸发器的蒸发表面积得不到充分利用，制冷量降低，蒸发器表面部分结霜，吸气管温度偏高。遇到这种情况，可以补充适量的制冷剂。

常见故障及检修

通电后电机不起动且无嗡嗡声

1、故障原因：保险熔断

排除方法：按要求更换保险丝

2、故障原因：接线松脱，插头接触不良

排除方法：检查线路，接好松脱处，插好插头

3、故障原因：电机绕组短路、断路或转子卡死

排除方法：检修或重绕

4、故障原因：起动继电器绕组烧断

排除方法：更换

5、故障原因：温控器开关未闭合，旋钮处于“0”（或停）位置

排除方法：调整温控器开关，使其闭合

6、故障原因：过载继电器的接触未闭合，或热电阻丝烧断

排除方法：检查并调整使触点闭合，更换电阻丝

通电后电机不起动但有嗡嗡声

1、故障原因：电源电压过低（低于187V）

排除方法：拔下电源插头，等电压正常后再插上，或加装稳压器

2、故障原因：起动继电器未闭合或接触不良

排除方法：修理或更换

3、故障原因：电机起动绕组断路

排除方法：重绕起动绕组

4、故障原因：起动电容器短路、短路或失效

排除方法：更换或检修

5、故障原因：压缩机负荷过重或制冷剂充灌过多

排除方法：重新调整或减少制冷剂

完全不制冷

1、故障原因：电源插头松动或脱落

排除方法：重新插好电源插头

2、故障原因：电源保险丝熔断

排除方法：按要求更换保险丝

3、故障原因：停电

排除方法：待恢复供电时再使用

4、故障原因：电源电压过低

排除方法：拔下电源插头，待电压正常后再插上或加装稳压器

5、故障原因：温度控制钮在“0”（或“停”）的位置

排除方法：调整温控器旋钮，使其处于某一适当位置，开关触点闭合

6、故障原因：过载保护断电器断路或起动继电器触点接触不良

排除方法：修理或更换

7、故障原因：压缩机卡死或电动机故障

排除方法：修理或更换

8、制冷剂漏失或毛细管堵塞、干燥过滤器脏堵

排除方法：修理

冷藏室温度偏高

1、故障原因：温控器旋钮调得不合适（数字过小）

排除方法：重调温控器旋钮至数字较大位置

2、故障原因：电冰箱受阳光直射、接近热源或冷凝器较脏，散热不佳

排除方法：重新放置电冰箱，清洁冷凝器

3、故障原因：冷藏室放置食物过多、过密或放入热的食物

排除方法：减少与重新放置贮存食物，留出适当空隙，热的食物放凉后再放入

4、故障原因：开门过于频繁或开门时间过长

排除方法：减少开门次数和时间

5、故障原因：蒸发表面结霜过厚（超过5mm）或结冰

排除方法：将霜或冰化掉

6、故障原因：门封不严

排除方法：检修并适当调平箱体（稍后仰）使门封严密

7、故障原因：箱内照明灯不熄灭

排除方法：检修照明灯开关

8、故障原因：冷藏室温控风门温控器失控，使风门开不大或风扇不转

排除方法：修理或更换

9、故障原因：压缩机阀门损坏

排除方法：修理

冷藏室温度过低而使上层食品被冻结

1、故障原因：室温偏低而温控器调得不合理（数字太大或调到强冷点、不停点）

排除方法：重调温控器旋钮至数字较小的位置

2、故障原因：温控器触点粘连不停车或感温管失控

排除方法：修理或更换

3、故障原因：误将水分多而容易冻结的食物放在上部搁架

排除方法：将易冻结的食物放在冷藏室下部

4、故障原因：温感风门温控器旋钮调得不合理（置冷点）或失控，或风门关不上

排除方法：重调温感风门温控器旋钮

5、故障原因：温度补偿加热器损坏

排除方法：更换温度补偿加热器

冷冻室温度偏高

1、故障原因：室温偏高而温控器旋钮调得不合理（数字过小）

排除方法：重调温控器旋钮至数字较大位置

2、故障原因：开门过于频繁或开门时间过长

排除方法：减少开门次数和时间

3、故障原因：门封不严

排除方法：检修门封，使其严密

4、故障原因：制冷剂漏失

排除方法：找出漏洞，放气补焊，再抽真空重新灌入制冷剂

5、故障原因：充灌制冷剂过多或过少

排除方法：重新调整或充灌制冷剂

6、故障原因：压缩机制冷效率下降

排除方法：拆修压缩机

7、故障原因：翅片蒸发器被冰箱堵塞或毛细管堵塞

排除方法：确定原因后检修

8、故障原因：冷风循环风扇不转或运转不正常

排除方法：修理或更换

9、故障原因：结霜厚而未清除

排除方法：清除结霜

压缩机长时间运转不能自动停机

1、故障原因：箱内一次性放入过多温度较高的食品或连续冻结大量冰块

排除方法：适当减少放入食物，并放凉后再放入，减少冻冰量

2、故障原因：开门过于频繁或开门时间过长

排除方法：减少开门次数和时间

3、故障原因：温控器误调到不停点

排除方法：按需要重调温控器

4、故障原因：制冷剂漏失

排除方法：找出漏孔，放气补焊，再抽真空，重新充灌制冷剂

5、故障原因：毛细管被杂质污物堵塞（脏堵）

排除方法：用热毛巾敷裹毛细管解冻或更换毛细管

6、故障原因：毛细管被冰堵塞（冰堵）

排除方法：放掉制冷剂，烘干分子筛过滤器，重新抽真空后充灌制冷剂

7、故障原因：电冰箱环境温度过高（大于40度）或空气对流受阻

排除方法：调换放置位置，改善空气对流

8、故障原因：温控器触点粘连或或感温管松动失控

排除方法：断电后将温控器旋至“停”点再旋回原定点通电。若仍不正常，则更换

9、故障原因：箱壁或门壁隔热层中流入水或结冰

排除方法：干燥隔热层

压缩机运转时噪声大

1、故障原因：箱体未放平稳

排除方法：重新调平放稳

2、故障原因：电冰箱背后与其他物件或墙壁触碰

排除方法：适当调整位置或物件，使它们脱离触碰

3、故障原因：电冰箱背部的接水盘脱离原位置而振动发声

排除方法：重新放好接水盘，并垫上泡沫塑料

4、故障原因：风扇与其他部件碰撞

排除方法：移动风扇位置

5、故障原因：管道与箱件碰撞

排除方法：挪动管道，拧紧固定螺丝

6、故障原因：压缩机减振胶垫压得过紧或老化变硬

排除方法：调松或列换胶垫

7、故障原因：压缩机内部噪声大

排除方法：拆修或压缩机

压缩机运转时间过长而停机时间过短

1、故障原因：制冷剂泄露使制冷效果变差

排除方法：查漏补焊

2、故障原因：温控器旋钮误调在强冷档，达到最低温度需要压缩机长期运转

排除方法：重调温控器旋钮

3、故障原因：箱门未关闭，漏入热量多，使压缩机运转时间长

排除方法：检查门封，关严箱门

4、故障原因：制冷剂充灌得过多，制冷效果差

排除方法：调整毛细管长度或重调制冷剂量

5、故障原因：环境温度偏高，散热效果差

排除方法：改善电冰箱周围散热条件

6、故障原因：电冰箱内放入过多食品，热负荷过大

排除方法：调整放入食品的数量

7、故障原因：压缩机进、排气阀有漏气

排除方法：拆修或更换

电冰箱内温度正常但压缩机起动频繁

1、故障原因：感温管与蒸发器接触不良，未靠近蒸发器，使感温失真

排除方法：重调感温管位置

2、故障原因：起动触点接触不良，时断时通

排除方法：调整触点连接铜片，使其接触可靠

3、故障原因：温控器旋钮位置不当

排除方法：重调温控器至合适位置

4、故障原因：过载安全保护继电器接点与电热丝位置过近

排除方法：重新调整过载螺钉，使两者相距适当

电冰箱能制冷但箱内照明灯不亮

1、故障原因：灯泡损坏

排除方法：更换相同规格的灯泡

2、故障原因：照明灯泡与灯座接触不良

排除方法：将灯泡拧紧

3、故障原因：照明灯电路断线

排除方法：查出断线处并修复

4、故障原因：门灯开关接触不良

排除方法：拆开灯开关，重新调整弹簧压力，使其接触良好

照明灯不亮且压缩机不工作

1、故障原因：保险丝熔断

排除方法：查出原因，更换同规格新保险丝

2、故障原因：电源插头与插座连线断路

排除方法：查出断线处，修复或更换

3、故障原因：电源插头接触不良

排除方法：调整接触或更换

4、故障原因：停电

排除方法：拨下电源插头，待来电时再工作

门将关上时照明灯不熄灭

1、故障原因：门灯开头失灵

排除方法：修复或更换

2、故障原因：开关位置不对，关门时未能压下按钮，以切断照明灯电路

排除方法：调整门灯开头位置（包括温控器位置），使开头正常工作

温控器置于通常使用位置时保险丝熔断

1、故障原因：包括电冰箱在内的家电电器总负荷已超过保险丝的额定电流

排除方法：在家用小火表、布线等容量允许的前提下，适当加大保险丝规格

2、故障原因：单相交流电动机起动电容损坏而产生短路

排除方法：更换新的同规格电容器

3、故障原因：起动继电器触点粘连

排除方法：修理或更换

4、故障原因：压缩机定子线圈或电源插头短路

排除方法：查明原因后修复

电冰箱放置处积水

1、故障原因：泄水系统堵塞或软管破裂，使融霜水从冷藏室内溢出

排除方法：查出原因，排去堵塞物或更换软管

2、故障原因：接水盒（盆）中融霜水过满而溢出

排除方法：及时倒掉接水盒（盆）中水，有自动蒸发皿者，检查有关加热蒸发装置有否故障，并排除之

3、故障原因：滤水器堵塞

排除方法：排除堵塞物

4、故障原因：环境空气过于潮湿，遇冷凝结成水

排除方法：改善放置环境，使其干燥通风（就冰箱而言，此并非故障）

冷冻室封条被冻住

1、故障原因：门封条损坏

排除方法：用热毛巾或电吹风对门封条冻结处加热，待门拉开后，再修复或更新封条

2、故障原因：设有门封电热丝的电冰箱，门封电热丝失效

排除方法：拉开门后，更换门封电热丝

打开箱门有难闻臭味

1、故障原因：电冰箱内有腐败的残渣、废物、剩水等

排除方法：彻底清扫，可用清洁剂或苏打水清洗

2、故障原因：存放有浓味的羊肉、牛肉等食品而未用保鲜膜或塑料袋封装，使气味扩散

排除方法：用保鲜膜、塑料袋（或瓶、罐）封装食品

3、故障原因：制冷剂泄漏数量很多，使其影响贮存食物的质量，产生异味

排除方法：检漏、修复

4、故障原因：箱壁隔热层破损，水蒸汽侵入造成腐烂变质而产生怪味

排除方法：更换隔热层或内胆、注意防潮

5、故障原因：电冰箱久置未用，而又未稍打开箱门，造成启用后有霉味散出

排除方法：清洁、同时用市售除臭剂清除电冰箱内的异味

冷冻食品变味

1、故障原因：冷冻食品未用塑料袋或保鲜纸严密包装而串味

排除方法：冷冻食品应使用烹袋或保鲜膜封装

2、故障原因：制冷剂严重泄漏，被冷冻食品吸收而产生异味

排除方法：检漏、补焊

3、故障原因：隔热层材料破损，其气味为冷冻食品所吸收

排除方法：更换隔热层或内胆

4、故障原因：冰盘在制冰前未洗净，融霜水滴入，而使冰块味不正

排除方法：制冷前先洗净制冰盘

电动机运转中过热

1、故障原因：制冷剂充灌过多或有空气存在，致使排气压力过高

排除方法：检修、抽真空并排除多余制冷剂

2、故障原因：毛细管或干燥过滤器堵塞，使电动机负载增大而过热

排除方法：检查、排堵或更换

3、故障原因：电压过低（低于187V），使工作电流增大而电机过热

排除方法：待电压正常时再工作，或采用稳压器

4、故障原因：起动电容器损坏，使电动机难起动或转速慢，起动电流剧增而引起电机过热

排除方法：更换新电容器

5、故障原因：电动机轴承损坏或部分绕组短路

排除方法：更换轴承，拆修或重绕电机绕组

6、故障原因：蒸发器或冷凝器管道中有堵塞

排除方法：检查后排除堵塞

有电线烧焦味

1、故障原因：电源线被压在箱底下，使电线短路

排除方法：取出电源线，更换或修复

2、故障原因：电源线贴在冰箱压缩机外壳，因高温致使塑胶线绝缘层烤出焦味

排除方法：移开电源线，并修复或更换

3、故障原因：电动机起动继电器线圈短路而发出焦味

排除方法：检查并拆修、更换

4、故障原因：全自动化霜定时温控器线圈短路而发出焦味

排除方法：检查并拆修、更换

5、故障原因：压缩机线圈短路而发出焦味

排除方法：检查并重绕

接触箱体或开门时有麻电感

1、故障原因：电冰箱未设接地线，或接地线障碍

排除方法：加接接地线，或检查修整，使接地可靠

2、故障原因：因严重受潮，致使机壳与电器部件的绝缘性能降低（与地绝缘电阻小于2MΩ）

排除方法：擦干或烘干潮湿机电件

冰箱的保养

定期适当保养可以延长冰箱的使用寿命。保养冰箱前务必拔下电源插头。

1、经常清理冰箱背面或底部冷凝器和压缩机上的灰尘。可使用吸尘器或毛刷除尘。注意不要用湿布去擦冷藏器和压缩机上灰尘。

2、冰箱长期停用时，应先切断电源，取出箱内一切食品，将箱内外清理干净，敞开箱门数日，使箱内充分干燥并散掉冰箱内的异味。

3、检查排水管。如果排水管堵塞，水就会漏到冰箱内。要用铁丝捅一捅排水管，除去积在排水管上的东西。

4、不要忽略门封胶条的清洗，将漂白剂用10倍的水稀释后用牙刷蘸湿清洗，最后用水将漂白剂冲去。胶条脏污易老化，会影响冰箱的密封性，增加耗电量。

5、检查振动、噪音以及压缩机的温度。运行中摸压缩机外壳，不应有明显的振动感，白天不应听到压缩机明显启动的声音。

6、注意检查电源线上是否有裂缝，防止漏电。

7、用温水或中性洗涤剂将冰箱内外清洗并擦干，敞开冰箱门通风干燥一天。

清洁冰箱外壳最好每天进行，用微湿柔软的布每天擦拭冰箱的外壳和拉手。清理内胆前先切断电源，把冰箱冷藏室内的食物拿出来。软布蘸上清水或食具洗洁精，轻轻擦洗，然后蘸清水将洗洁精拭去。拆下箱内附件，用清水或洗洁精清洗。清洁冰箱的“开关”、“照明灯”和“温控器”等设施时，请把抹布或海绵拧得干一些。内壁做完清洁后，可用软布蘸取甘油(医用开塞露)擦一遍冰箱内壁，下次擦的时候会更容易。用酒精浸过的布清洁擦拭密封条。如果手边没有酒精，用1：1醋水擦拭密封条，消毒效果很好。用吸尘器或软毛刷清理冰箱背面的通风栅，不要用湿布，以免生锈。清洁完毕，插上电源，检查温度控制器是否设定在正确位置。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"现在家家户户都离不开冰箱，冰箱对我们的生活有非常大的帮助，如果有吃不完的食物或者需要储存食物都可以存放在冰箱里，以防止食品的变质。这样既方便又容易。但是由于冰箱夜以继⽇地⼯作，有时难免会出现些故障，出现故障该怎么维修呢？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSyaYSMYkYY84qoV2iLlVne"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱构造","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny8eWwigYgSUQ8B2GpJ78Ff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"维修冰箱，首先我们需要了解冰箱的构造。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQyE6KSg8OI8k007VUWSVIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"家用电冰箱由箱体、制冷系统、温度控制装置三部分组成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmSCk8uQ66iuKo7nX7jXsvc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"箱体","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnayKYwqc2aSaIqTFWmyQA4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"箱体的组成：外壳、内衬、绝热层、台面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8KsI4gkwyMgiArkeOsusSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"箱体的基本作用是绝热，绝热性能的优劣直接关系到箱体的保温性能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkcE4suUEyqGSCgGIRnNqFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"箱体的隔热功能主要是从以下几个方面来实现的：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAU2WSyqI82ICIviF7MEYDh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、外壳与内衬之间填充绝热材料。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuCuEMewA6OqyED0xZfd75b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、箱门装有磁性密封条防止冷气外漏和热空气侵入。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnME4SIQWOsGWQMD1JnMlQwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、箱顶的顶板下面垫有高密度聚苯乙烯泡沫板，起隔热作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2wAm8k4ICI2weMCwLxKqOd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1164,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"箱体","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6c2f46848b8347c38d19a62d7008859e","width":1214},"text":"","id":"doxcnYcaY0ugwqaasGBuWP5Pwpb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"制冷系统","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnssIE6I2CgMMmG8oNMWpmRe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"制冷系统组成：压缩机、冷凝器、蒸发器、毛细管。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYSCskYUQ4cUKIHKQRUYpod"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"制冷系统自成一个封闭的循环系统。其中蒸发器安装在电冰箱内部的上方，其他部件安装在电冰箱的背面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoQk8A6cYG6Q0ik1MiiFAVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"系统里充灌了一种叫“氟里12(CF2Cl2，国际符号R12)”的物质作为制冷剂（氟利昂类包括氟利昂12和氟利昂11等等是一般传统的制冷剂，现在更多的是新兴的无氟制冷剂如R600a、R404a等，不过制冷原理是一样的）","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。氟里昂12在蒸发器里由低压液体汽化为气体，吸收冰箱内的热量，使箱内温度降低。变成气态的氟里昂12被压缩机吸入，靠压缩机把它压缩成高温高压的气体，再排入冷凝器。在冷凝器中气态的氟里昂12不断向周围空间放热，逐步液化成液体。这些高压液体必须流经毛细管，节流降压才能缓慢流入蒸发器，维持在蒸发器里继续不断地汽化，吸热降温。就这样，冰箱利用电能做功，借助制冷剂的物态变化，把箱内蒸发器周围的热量搬送到箱后冷凝器里去放出，如此周而复始不断地循环，以达到制冷目的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCQqycyuqcCccDixbv54foA"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1260,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"制冷系统","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4967c1671e144373873c954bb06dd43d","width":1469},"text":"","id":"doxcnEmouOeuwckuwEl3LH9awxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"内部汽化吸热 → 外部液化放热→ 箱内温度降低","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2gGgosKSUascMhUQG1ORee"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"温度控制装置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0Su2Gs6WUUGQA1XeAg9OBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱的温度控制装置叫温度控制器。它的主要作用是当箱内温度过高时接通压缩机，使制冷系统工作，从而使箱温降下来，当箱温降至要求的温度时，使压缩机断电。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncckYKGuqYiKi48GDJMHztd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":382,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"温度控制装置","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/39a6b879e3344178832abdf1454f1748","width":606},"text":"","id":"doxcnwO8YKkeO04wisD6Bm7KIwe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检测方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkS2oIqsICgmi0WfAdYkQpd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱故障的检查方法一般可分为问、看、听、摸、测试等。通过检查，综合分析判断，逐渐缩小故障范围，找出故障点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYSau22KUECqa4ryfhanyth"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"问","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWEU4SooCiMYOqyJjX9Qgwc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先问明冰箱的使用情况、故障现象及使用年限，特别是旧机器，要了解机器的故障史及以前维修后的使用情况，对曾维修过制冷系统的机器，要多留意冰堵、脏堵、混入空气、冷冻油是否变质等故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkkkmoWqAMqGMHnbCOwPTe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKEImAuCyW0IIgRslJN816d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、首先看蒸发器结霜的情况，在压缩机运转的情况下，如果出现蒸发器表面无霜、结不满霜或结霜不实等情况，都说明制冷系统工作不正常。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSyaew0IoKMKoMJMaXN0xlf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、冰箱冷冻室结冰，说明温控器温差过大，停机时间过长等因素造成的，直冷式双门冰箱的冷藏室蒸发器总是结满霜而无结霜、化霜交替变化，说明温控器发生故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Q62IYoC2eeqiU1BehcCod"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、检查制冷系统中管路的各个焊接处及蒸发器表面，看是否有渗漏的痕迹，凡渗漏处都会有油渍。","id":""}],"text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夏季温度很高的时候，冰箱要达到设定的制冷温度会需要很长时间，长时间的运转就会使冰箱的温度升高，冰箱一旦使用最好不要停用了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUmqaU4KI6ImGCeh06TuLJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、测压力","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCgYws6MWCmeCQvCsl6vOWc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱的正常压力值在0.03~0.08mpa。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncU4mcgKq4yKCoj9QXr4Keg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"a、吸气压力过高，通常由：制冷剂充入过多、新换毛细管过短、压缩机性能*的原因引起。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ4kom2eemwimepyuqtanix"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"b、出现吸气压力为负压时，通常由：制冷剂不足、系统内有堵塞现象、新换毛细管太细、太长。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGe4aIqm4Aey8WuswiCF7Bc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、测量冰箱的开机与停机之比","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS8oUSqQ0s6W0CRzEyVvaYj"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱的开机与停机之比与它的制冷系统、保温性能、温控器性能、调节位置、环境温度、电路系统、冰箱内食品的多少以及开门次数等有着直接的关系。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGwSQigqmi6cMIBbQ5ohNad"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、测量工作电流","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCKiYMieG8k4w6fit17iVDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、如果工作电流大于额定电流，说明制冷剂充入量过多，制冷系统微堵、压缩机局部短路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneOUqwAY2COcSgdUCIr5IZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果工作电流小于额定电流，说明制冷系统有泄漏或系统完全堵塞。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoSuyKwEyY0uoUZoVO5HTVb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、测量绝缘电阻和直流电阻：(对于匝间短路不严重或匝间绝缘不良的电机绕组，用电阻测量方法很难分辨电机故障，因此只能采用测量工作电流的方法来判断)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkAswaS2GS0OEUjnEzAaSwe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"缺少制冷剂，或蒸发器内有沉积的冷冻机油，导致压缩机效率降低。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngYe0C8qMqciIYzcJ0WfPug"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"测试","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/143c8d7d1cf0426eb78940ecef28e219","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnM0OEImU0woqQIz46fJuVmh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱故障分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnesoIK2kiyq8G64XKECyHwh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电冰箱的故障可分为电气系统故障和制冷系统故障两大类。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyQsI2GSuOuC4PkKIwkyRhV"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电气系统故障分析","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmYYqeSigsq4oKSBomTsdBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电气系统主要包括温控部分和压缩机电动机控制部分。由此而引起的故障现象是电冰箱接通电源后压缩机不起动和接通电源后压缩机运转不停。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyc8wwCcCCugcIfePkn2lig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、首先用万用表欧姆挡测量冰箱电源插头的阻值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKgGCq4cGOaugeC5IYT39Be"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"压缩机的三个接线端子以及与起动器之间的接线情况如图所示：C——公共端、M——运行端、S——起动端。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2OsGGaAa440ysx1TwD7SGd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"各绕组间直流电阻值如下：运行绕组C、M两端约10.5Ω；起动绕组C、S两端约22Ω；而运行和起动绕组阻值的和即S、M端的阻值约为32.5Ω。正常时电路所有的开关触点都接通，对于重锤起动器式的冰箱，因重锤式起动器触点未通电而未接通，回路阻值为压缩机运行绕组的阻值，一般为10—20Ω左右，对于PTC起动冰箱，回路的直流电阻为起动器20Ω阻值与起动绕组串联后再与运行绕组并联，所以其电阻略小于压缩机运行绕组的阻值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO4IQyQSgkY2K2pRit5IwWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通过测得的阻值来判断电路的工作状态，阻值偏大时，要检查温度控制器、过载保护器、压缩机电动机以及线路和触点接触情况，阻值偏小时一般是短路，主要检查压缩机电动机及其线路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGcWmSmmcs6yYWXFGLl0oBV"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"　　","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSaaku0GqOwGKCwIZPjoG4g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":407,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电气系统故障分析","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d2e35941082245239287ccc8e4fbdb0c","width":660},"text":"","id":"doxcn6S6e6qOACgQUQdPGlSByIc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、要进一步判断还要对冰箱通电检查。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOaYgC2yk0MWOgFsuW9CUmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通电前先检查温控器开关是否正常。如温度控制器装在电冰箱的冷藏室内，当放置的环境温度低于设计温度时不会起动运转，故有的冰箱设计了冬季补偿开关，补偿开关打开后则温度控制器感温管附近的加热器开始加热，强制升温使压缩机运转，目的是牺牲冷藏室的正常温度而保证冷冻室的温度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoQEEk68qSowmakJP9C5B6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果温控器内的开关都正常，而通电后压缩机不起动，可用一根导线短接重锤式起动器的两个静触点，注意导线短接时间不要太长，以不超过2s为宜，时间长将会使起动绕组烧坏。如果短接后冰箱能起动，说明起动器有故障，重锤式起动器长期起动易使触点烧坏，测量时拆下起动器，用万用表欧姆RX1挡，将两表笔插入接线柱插孔内。起动器正着放时相当于正常运转状态，即未接通，万用表测量阻值为无穷大；将起动器倒过来时相当于起动状态，万用表指示为0Ω，则说明起动器是好的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnckk4ieSsGKmwWw7XKKXhYc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果用导线短接后仍不能起动，就需要检查保护器。可用短接法检查保护器，将保护器的两个接线铜片短接起来，如果冰箱能够起动运转，说明保护器有故障，可能是电热丝烧断或碟形双金属片受阻不能下翻，如果冰箱仍不能起动，则是压缩机或起动器有问题。检查时，把起动器和保护器拆下，露出电动机的三根接线柱。测每两个接线柱之间的电阻值，如正常，说明电动机绕组没有故障。如不正常，不要急于拆开压缩机，可以采用直接接通电源的方法进行检查。具体办法是：用带有电源插头的两根电源线接在M、C接线柱上，也就是运行绕组上，再用螺钉旋具作为导线同时碰触M和S端，然后把插头插入电源插座，如果电动机和压缩机没有故障，就会起动。起动2s左右，就要把螺钉旋具移开，电动机进入正常运转。如果检查压缩机能起动运转，说明电动机没有故障，故障发生在电动机外部，可能是外引线折断或接线柱接触不良，也可能是环境温度过低等。否则为压缩机故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA8UGUYMAYIwgcF0s09gWNc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":857,"note":[{"type":"te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排除方法：按要求更换保险丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUOsQasc4IWaIqYjQ9t7Wgg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：接线松脱，插头接触不良","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyUgAKU8MiiisjfoE2JH2Y"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检查线路，接好松脱处，插好插头","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQGmq84qoq40mMXzwpVkBYe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：电机绕组短路、断路或转子卡死","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMQceuG46uWUOuoO0oeJKUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检修或重绕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniu6QiaUu4m0kYfaRjwRmLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：起动继电器绕组烧断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna0IMMwIWkgmS022QAZnRVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 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排除方法：拔下电源插头，等电压正常后再插上，或加装稳压器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCCIOWoy6ySIcoP3XjEQnrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：起动继电器未闭合或接触不良","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnomqkU0GsYUmK2n20wnMQxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：修理或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIawU8omaG4CUYNVQwwzwxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：电机起动绕组断路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnayyIOkKweM66Y90f0Z14Hf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重绕起动绕组","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng2kkieuAcCk6ae1cETrqWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：起动电容器短路、短路或失效","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO2kCQOU4sAoCsvIG8LEfBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 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排除方法：按要求更换保险丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoGOG2omUiqUimEiPs2E7Yd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：停电","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAo4es8qOywAigFaqyYFvge"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：待恢复供电时再使用","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC4SUC8Yy0602MD5VQepGpd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：电源电压过低","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQcykOcUmE00w8nLMoOUf5d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：拔下电源插头，待电压正常后再插上或加装稳压器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2aI4kqCQc2G8YRpxEfiXId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：温度控制钮在“0”（或“停”）的位置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4gySWY2euQomeKb0iZuDig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调整温控器旋钮，使其处于某一适当位置，开关触点闭合","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOmyc8Gk0aAGgUlA0Eni5Kd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、故障原因：过载保护断电器断路或起动继电器触点接触不良","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY46QaiuUMuIeWuKbn1mxUg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：修理或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngcKcUogi4KmWu4JVkenmPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、故障原因：压缩机卡死或电动机故障","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn60su6E4SaoY8ucovo9WNNd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：修理或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQY68eI08S0QGEZMG63Rh6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、制冷剂漏失或毛细管堵塞、干燥过滤器脏堵","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMuS62SmQmMisSIuZF72owf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：修理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2uEYMSSkS2skyeqhzcpNWd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":679,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"完全不制冷","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2a562549d05746498964ac5e5986a703","width":1018},"text":"","id":"doxcnWYCUsUisQqyoc7Tliep9Id"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷藏室温度偏高","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWmEIEOkoI4usM7cyHR5Zbf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：温控器旋钮调得不合适（数字过小）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneeYwIcO4CqMUEBCmsjVJZe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重调温控器旋钮至数字较大位置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEceaIWAI0AiQc0j9gOtXu1"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：电冰箱受阳光直射、接近热源或冷凝器较脏，散热不佳","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmg2QSmYiAa4Ecz0c43rH3X"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重新放置电冰箱，清洁冷凝器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWKyqwcMe6YIeKSLmgxVWBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：冷藏室放置食物过多、过密或放入热的食物","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaI4Km464OEmE0W7AIrSUxg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：减少与重新放置贮存食物，留出适当空隙，热的食物放凉后再放入","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKCMoaQSQQSwGCqTshei7gc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：开门过于频繁或开门时间过长","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw4yiug6AAQQyIZI9bvaFqc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：减少开门次数和时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYAmi4ow0amMAoLBGuiMlfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：蒸发表面结霜过厚（超过5mm）或结冰","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSycQ4miOUSQUuK7dLaC2Xg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：将霜或冰化掉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneGaEmoO2uy0MmqtDeRTgGh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、故障原因：门封不严","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnokgWgaQwueyWG8SMdmlpkd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检修并适当调平箱体（稍后仰）使门封严密","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGKsesKiKSwai4hHM44Go9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、故障原因：箱内照明灯不熄灭","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSWo04ck04QY4QP4lSkwsuh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检修照明灯开关","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2G60uQQo2eAUsng7uwgNhc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、故障原因：冷藏室温控风门温控器失控，使风门开不大或风扇不转","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGQcuygqkCaCcI9qB3dtK0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 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排除方法：修理或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0Y2G86IQ8UW6g5XbfHC6le"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：误将水分多而容易冻结的食物放在上部搁架","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna2iOWEGecmsGMz9J6tfrrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：将易冻结的食物放在冷藏室下部","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn64gKMGsemUiW2JAfBuYPSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：温感风门温控器旋钮调得不合理（置冷点）或失控，或风门关不上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoU04kc0oEYEeIb80pbVsad"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重调温感风门温控器旋钮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaIUAGI4QwMu8WK20gfe8Od"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：温度补偿加热器损坏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI4gKQiCQu4sq0ivCv5TG0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：更换温度补偿加热器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQgewIGOeIYWi25Uf7KNrPb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷冻室温度偏高","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQkYWq4yYC2YikDI3gcGPgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：室温偏高而温控器旋钮调得不合理（数字过小）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaskSGc0Y8GIuwr3g1HxFGg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重调温控器旋钮至数字较大位置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWMCOm8Gq40kG8OpvNf0Vnb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：开门过于频繁或开门时间过长","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCCkQSi4OW6cIkpxlU91qmf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：减少开门次数和时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqiSgeoWYE2CyotWJgFbTKh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：门封不严","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMakOy6MQmOI8aCAKltQmGd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检修门封，使其严密","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO8wKWUGGwS0Eiqynd9UJRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：制冷剂漏失","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncsWeAyACeWWMsx9Tszxpjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：找出漏洞，放气补焊，再抽真空重新灌入制冷剂","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIkwMsmCKo6CK6AN4XaGQlE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：充灌制冷剂过多或过少","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniw8wouYGCecok5OUqziMZe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重新调整或充灌制冷剂","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYcikMOuYiESYg7URPe4lGf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、故障原因：压缩机制冷效率下降","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc8YiWoceQ44m4f4ptmiP7n"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：拆修压缩机","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQIQ6coqwmOqE6v0U69x2Sc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、故障原因：翅片蒸发器被冰箱堵塞或毛细管堵塞","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnskQ4EmGuyQEYqM9CQg06Yc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：确定原因后检修","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyo8aAOUseIUsIB7Aq7Jyse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、故障原因：冷风循环风扇不转或运转不正常","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniGyYKSCYuyOUKcAQEZFxsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：修理或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIykMKE8uw0OImsoooPpHvg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、故障原因：结霜厚而未清除","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIgKg2GqU4uAsaULq5FJ7jc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：清除结霜","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK2A8sec20AaYmmpzBTZaCe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"压缩机长时间运转不能自动停机","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncC6Oyaa20Cym2UNCNopXKk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：箱内一次性放入过多温度较高的食品或连续冻结大量冰块","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Ws46yoimmwYMsUaMVNWVD"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：适当减少放入食物，并放凉后再放入，减少冻冰量","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYSyquK0qKqAUuOXw44HfJ1"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：开门过于频繁或开门时间过长","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOcAqyE8kce8eKb21l7WpyK"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：减少开门次数和时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaEqgiM4C86yMgbEzcD7t7I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：温控器误调到不停点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneS6AC0qmoiqamwAlXYbrYc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：按需要重调温控器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQY8mK4UqcqAMXKt7UNLHb4"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：制冷剂漏失","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0gWgqQ4aSIqeSSX1rYy3Ie"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：找出漏孔，放气补焊，再抽真空，重新充灌制冷剂","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaa2yKmYssUeic78xYRJxcc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：毛细管被杂质污物堵塞（脏堵）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8gEiSKcUqcOwkp9EqsWiUf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：用热毛巾敷裹毛细管解冻或更换毛细管","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4kCG4KmIiqAoQhRuSOlfhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、故障原因：毛细管被冰堵塞（冰堵）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOecMiioAC4EISeJWg1d7be"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：放掉制冷剂，烘干分子筛过滤器，重新抽真空后充灌制冷剂","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2EMQUGwacC6wW8036Exwmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、故障原因：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"电冰箱环境温度过高（大于40度）或空气对流受阻","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS8C4qGo6Aowi8VyiIBFflg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调换放置位置，改善空气对流","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyqOu666AUOIK0J9Vp3O3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、故障原因：温控器触点粘连或或感温管松动失控","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2goqCQCIQ6UMhMqkHYyKhf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：断电后将温控器旋至“停”点再旋回原定点通电。若仍不正常，则更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCiAsaym0AmqasPshnrF3yg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、故障原因：箱壁或门壁隔热层中流入水或结冰","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYAgyUaKu4cY0JQJiIcBTmT"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：干燥隔热层","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWoqgM6Y6UWEqWQd6X94yDx"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"压缩机运转时噪声大","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWa0GMIwYEiq0ZcDj8iVJJk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：箱体未放平稳","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkAy2m2yWiUQEiEVdAbaf5g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重新调平放稳","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniMG0eegOU6CsWiy4Hr0VZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：电冰箱背后与其他物件或墙壁触碰","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm8wk0CCW8KYW2xiIsjrJ4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：适当调整位置或物件，使它们脱离触碰","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6oka4Qo04OaMIrwfo3wpzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：电冰箱背部的接水盘脱离原位置而振动发声","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyG0eMswg4kcooTHH7skzvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重新放好接水盘，并垫上泡沫塑料","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYqw6gai0GIGmKmnNw3hhXe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：风扇与其他部件碰撞","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGUKEAC4SKqSyshG93IYuDb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：移动风扇位置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAuQy0ae0oiiQ2JIvAuELXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：管道与箱件碰撞","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8WkS80skoeUCudMww8hIg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：挪动管道，拧紧固定螺丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwyyEiGokge6Sy8SLdWWXUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、故障原因：压缩机减振胶垫压得过紧或老化变硬","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnimswmCs0EW4E2BM167g1Qc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调松或列换胶垫","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8KMAcGUSOw2Uma7v8R3pGh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、故障原因：压缩机内部噪声大","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmEgQEqG04Ceq6dph71FkYL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：拆修或压缩机","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYGckkWeWIcG6WVDlHQbkVb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"压缩机运转时间过长而停机时间过短","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng6g6ySSU84cO0S3qcAImTe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：制冷剂泄露使制冷效果变差","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn00AsEQ4CEiKa48sthrJlWe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：查漏补焊","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuU0cWGIu0Y0223V1g6JhPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：温控器旋钮误调在强冷档，达到最低温度需要压缩机长期运转","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGqkMcG8Q0WyASy5YYgcf2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重调温控器旋钮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO4awi0eKc46AiA4DAIEBzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：箱门未关闭，漏入热量多，使压缩机运转时间长","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8cocOYqMmU6mGGm3XfyaRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检查门封，关严箱门","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUiqQG88Mg4weCEwJ4dwmih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：制冷剂充灌得过多，制冷效果差","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneY24UCYOkQi2g7Wg0TeAng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调整毛细管长度或重调制冷剂量","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIEMUSCWQ6wGyqaC2mS62yg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：环境温度偏高，散热效果差","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKC8aU6aSA8aqALQsMQbjff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：改善电冰箱周围散热条件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn40qciq8QiQgAqk5WNRBEOf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、故障原因：电冰箱内放入过多食品，热负荷过大","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneiWouYQWueYuO4y283uSnd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调整放入食品的数量","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMmYMY4y6SsQUWa6vg7OxKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、故障原因：压缩机进、排气阀有漏气","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkYqk8CIqMYSkxZf8owE0wO"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：拆修或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnciS4sau88kK4SQQ6pkrx9c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":675,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"压缩机运转时间过长而停机时间过短","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fa5ca906305849b8b1c3080336c09c6e","width":1012},"text":"","id":"doxcn064e8Ue6GoMeGUB2sVCQ9d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电冰箱内温度正常但压缩机起动频繁","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyGyGKg4cSu64dH9VYlm1Ao"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：感温管与蒸发器接触不良，未靠近蒸发器，使感温失真","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnysGYiwOiA8eKy9FL4Dstdb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重调感温管位置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4cUokUwOmmEa6ois7BDLgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：起动触点接触不良，时断时通","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnckkqsAUAyyEe89aEUJd4qy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调整触点连接铜片，使其接触可靠","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngEOkWIASUUSsYZhN8U7I0f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：温控器旋钮位置不当","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn62q8AW04cmy066FPMAUTTm"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重调温控器至合适位置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG0u4YWOQWwCyKgEiMl3GMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：过载安全保护继电器接点与电热丝位置过近","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneQ6oUE4UwGgUao9QZCvmed"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：重新调整过载螺钉，使两者相距适当","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIkukkcWumkyCgCAhl5Im3F"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电冰箱能制冷但箱内照明灯不亮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwewOOse0wU6WKmzPh6peGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：灯泡损坏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGikwACkw0omSGagUdBj0Be"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：更换相同规格的灯泡","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuiKaMWySsOMoBuJRkjg1vn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：照明灯泡与灯座接触不良","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuuwkWSiko4Cq6ZxzgsPTse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：将灯泡拧紧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2IIosiSOwqOY0GlnGYNQid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：照明灯电路断线","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYUCmki2GAYKkwHVIqBh1Rg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：查出断线处并修复","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WMIkYO2AUKeiMlPm56YLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：门灯开关接触不良","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnggco8G66SCImOQ1Nby3i2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：拆开灯开关，重新调整弹簧压力，","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"使其接触良好","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGeYKu4eq4U0E4CuwTaAX9b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"照明灯不亮且压缩机不工作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMGIae0uuaA4QWo386qw08g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：保险丝熔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKKICUmYgCWUMgBodYtOWmh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：查出原因，更换同规格新保险丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4sQiwygMw2U8i0UhMJxS4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：电源插头与插座连线断路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn66S2mwEwCA0cIFD7WHo0Qb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：查出断线处，修复或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCuYWmSSGEUekYfOeWm7HHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：电源插头接触不良","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny4qOE4MQoKu0szyOSPo0Lh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调整接触或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm6mqg40gYeoIYFrv872xAb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：停电","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEmqWKE02Y2M66CnZW9cRch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：拨下电源插头，待来电时再工作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmEMgoEsQwSAgui8YOYUxeb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"门将关上时照明灯不熄灭","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2s4aUiIk2mYsOGGnzbxanh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：门灯开头失灵","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8CsASe6oOaqSe8dTQgnjph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：修复或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUG2wMUoYksG64SuuJ4wZne"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：开关位置不对，关门时未能压下按钮，以切断照明灯电路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG0AwYMkGsC4skHwLdm3hWd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：调整门灯开头位置（包括温控器位置），使开头正常工作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEK8we4oOmaUoyMTTNn2alf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"温控器置于通常使用位置时保险丝熔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQkaCEGIy2IMEEbJnLhMrxg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：包括电冰箱在内的家电电器总负荷已超过保险丝的额定电流","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIcC4qqIIcoUGWsJTgwn5Zc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：在家用小火表、布线等容量允许的前提下，适当加大保险丝规格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6ic4mqaUSE68GmCBkVoiKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：单相交流电动机起动电容损坏而产生短路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns0GgoKQ6A8MGQ1gdfyRsme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：更换新的同规格电容器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6iU8I2M2as2sOEB4ngIhpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：起动继电器触点粘连","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6uCqUEQUK4aGGg7CV44Dme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：修理或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn46maweqI6umMcHa4hAEBJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：压缩机定子线圈或电源插头短路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCmEAWOcWmcWCO6dmhsNkWf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：查明原因后修复","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGk4y8IO26QW0WEDXqWm2uf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电冰箱放置处积水","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwCGyw66aqsOMKQWw5eCigg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：泄水系统堵塞或软管破裂，使融霜水从冷藏室内溢出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWYgcg6wo6gcAesFwc7vRQb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：查出原因，排去堵塞物或更换软管","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniiugUGWuOo0SmIk59bufbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：接水盒（盆）中融霜水过满而溢出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsyqCEUImSMgKk3L8aK5zAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：及时倒掉接水盒（盆）中水，有自动蒸发皿者，检查有关加热蒸发装置有否故障，并排除之","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEsocOIgIykS0SidrYBQ9ag"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：滤水器堵塞","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyM26OCwgCIeYWQJJNIfmwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：排除堵塞物","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSkOG4g4mg8a0uytcwr2DCg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：环境空气过于潮湿，遇冷凝结成水","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4YCaS2CMuWWcK09iHxYesd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：改善放置环境，使其干燥通风（就冰箱而言，此并非故障）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnog6CsCc0IUYOc3xEp7lz1f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷冻室封条被冻住","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne40eMkmoCs8MeshHuP4ACq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：门封条损坏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0246G62EKOcE4EhJz3zT9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：用热毛巾或电吹风对门封条冻结处加热，待门拉开后，再修复或更新封条","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneksWWUuqsIMgOIPNx9RkSd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：设有门封电热丝的电冰箱，门封电热丝失效","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAMsCawOKMo6myqC9U5EY7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：拉开门后，更换门封电热丝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSKeG6w6MUmCMonbTw6GjAd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"冷冻室封条被冻住","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8a5e3d14d1bf485590bcbaa2021bcf2c","width":1023},"text":"","id":"doxcnY4MCsEwy0QQIIX4QGDryNe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开箱门有难闻臭味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyG8Kc4I00ECOo9DlUc0Gig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：电冰箱内有腐败的残渣、废物、剩水等","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsWsU4kMA4SgWAne5XuvXVx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：彻底清扫，可用清洁剂或苏打水清洗","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw2cCSCMMc688XDaT625aoJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：存放有浓味的羊肉、牛肉等食品而未用保鲜膜或塑料袋封装，使气味扩散","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnowgGqcAEEWIu2ROZsYLbwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：用保鲜膜、塑料袋（或瓶、罐）封装食品","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnseWE2wkUQSKkQpfZGPQc3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：制冷剂泄漏数量很多，使其影响贮存食物的质量，产生异味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4y4qWGGssY84oRC5aUxZnh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检漏、修复","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUCk0syaGS0w2U3eGFuy9qh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：箱壁隔热层破损，水蒸汽侵入造成腐烂变质而产生怪味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUcQUiiueCccmgH5jatyJkg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：更换隔热层或内胆、注意防潮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCsaigwcsSsEUFWcW6bBpnt"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：电冰箱久置未用，而又未稍打开箱门，造成启用后有霉味散出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSM0WuY6uo8iggVQGRJC88c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：清洁、同时用市售除臭剂清除电冰箱内的异味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSISIGOeaC4o8SWDC6hZ0Ie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷冻食品变味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY8GmGgyG6q2Iq2bzPUWSth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：冷冻食品未用塑料袋或保鲜纸严密包装而串味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngYqkEe08CaYkof9k0E1aFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：冷冻食品应使用烹袋或保鲜膜封装","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMsao2YA4K8Ys8saU4Oia2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：制冷剂严重泄漏，被冷冻食品吸收而产生异味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyakSiEYkuU0qkHUbry26jb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检漏、补焊","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGm2ysyGqQCO0cTsPxi4ule"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：隔热层材料破损，其气味为冷冻食品所吸收","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Amk6c0ka4kCwkdo9Q9xKP"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：更换隔热层或内胆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAEcQaYcoqmQogv3efEkoLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：冰盘在制冰前未洗净，融霜水滴入，而使冰块味不正","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEOS6kEIMEq8moKknUFtxlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：制冷前先洗净制冰盘","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0mQ80YcYggUeCuJSO9H6Wd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电动机运转中过热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4YgOquCWKey2CC7UsKE8yg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：制冷剂充灌过多或有空气存在，致使排气压力过高","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGk2II8CycIEU2Zmelnhlzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检修、抽真空并排除多余制冷剂","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqGKkME8iwu6a00raHF5XSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：毛细管或干燥过滤器堵塞，使电动机负载增大而过热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQeGE2GOgE8yyK09iQmM7Pd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检查、排堵或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniai2wqwCs6C6ETOBZatCxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"电压过低","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"（低于187V），使工作电流增大而电机过热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm0WA8yy8SISqMNYKZrTrEh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：待电压正常时再工作，或采用稳压器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOMo80gcqAukkpzCpGm1HgC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：起动电容器损坏，使电动机难起动或转速慢，起动电流剧增而引起电机过热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniwciOOoMuqkUS4Nkp0AC9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：更换新电容器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm0QKGIkGywyEQDSmZqfWsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：电动机轴承损坏或部分绕组短路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUcAOOk6AMkCgeAQdMpWYad"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：更换轴承，拆修或重绕电机绕组","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUI688GU2ksAYuLI1iEDPqE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、故障原因：蒸发器或冷凝器管道中有堵塞","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0QgeISI6Oc0SKYsabI4tce"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检查后排除堵塞","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoAuo42O0SkYYDaohqyysdF"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"有电线烧焦味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0awSEs2oA6AMQtInthLMXb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：电源线被压在箱底下，使电线短路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCAEcecWAOkGaiEZLddtzDh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：取出电源线，更换或修复","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnscWCg6EQiyKG4FVfKg81rf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：电源线贴在冰箱压缩机外壳，因高温致使塑胶线绝缘层烤出焦味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsuKY4q2ogkswIjzB1ebcRT"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：移开电源线，并修复或更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQAwWg6IASgSAGaiqdI4qAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、故障原因：电动机起动继电器线圈短路而发出焦味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnawooE6QwG8SEoDvnZ2sCBd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检查并拆修、更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSwG68agI88oKg7MXV2nVGd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、故障原因：全自动化霜定时温控器线圈短路而发出焦味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncAkCG4eEo48EY7xXc4CJae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检查并拆修、更换","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni4imucUUWWYCY1eHawMM1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、故障原因：压缩机线圈短路而发出焦味","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAWmqyaUKkKeeCuuYBtN5Ic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：检查并重绕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny84ccs0gu6WYANHsq6Mdzg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"接触箱体或开门时有麻电感","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny2UWUikECKQi6pCZfkoK9C"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、故障原因：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"电冰箱未设接地线，或接地线障碍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKSueGuOQcIGUuYwQQLlUTo"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：加接接地线，或检查修整，使接地可靠","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnk6oYuSOWA06cuRbu8afD9O"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、故障原因：因严重受潮，致使机壳与电器部件的绝缘性能降低（与地绝缘电阻小于2MΩ）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyie0UGCcE6a0yWGkJgyyoe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 排除方法：擦干或烘干潮湿机电件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUQK8sG6IWqOMWYBlX8Sz6f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"接触箱体或开门时有麻电感","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/66432606682f4e29b1299fc5e1f2fcb2","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnWkaO0E4yiAs8wxCV6l2Ddg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱的保养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne0aqe8OQwKS6WewWoFxA3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"定期适当保养可以延长冰箱的使用寿命。保养冰箱前务必拔下电源插头。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4S2KsqCOseOMO0YrpQbPie"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、经常清理冰箱背面或底部冷凝器和压缩机上的灰尘。可使用吸尘器或毛刷除尘。注意不要用湿布去擦冷藏器和压缩机上灰尘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwmuki86iKqkOorEMws5F72"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、冰箱长期停用时，应先切断电源，取出箱内一切食品，将箱内外清理干净，敞开箱门数日，使箱内充分干燥并散掉冰箱内的异味。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSacACGAGqwgYstf143YEcc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、检查排水管。如果排水管堵塞，水就会漏到冰箱内。要用铁丝捅一捅排水管，除去积在排水管上的东西。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4IWYO6gGwCieCikKFCroDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、不要忽略门封胶条的清洗，将漂白剂用10倍的水稀释后用牙刷蘸湿清洗，最后用水将漂白剂冲去。胶条脏污易老化，会影响冰箱的密封性，增加耗电量。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaiyoQqqMwaAiolgXwzotHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、检查振动、噪音以及压缩机的温度。运行中摸压缩机外壳，不应有明显的振动感，白天不应听到压缩机明显启动的声音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUQqWCgMWG6qaSOXERZsLzh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、注意检查电源线上是否有裂缝，防止漏电。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqmKw0o4E0MoUIPIBrnFMMh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、用温水或中性洗涤剂将冰箱内外清洗并擦干，敞开冰箱门通风干燥一天。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMsKquE0uuQIkKkeiuOctfh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清洁冰箱外壳最好每天进行，用微湿柔软的布每天擦拭冰箱的外壳和拉手。清理内胆前先切断电源，把冰箱冷藏室内的食物拿出来。软布蘸上清水或食具洗洁精，轻轻擦洗，然后蘸清水将洗洁精拭去。拆下箱内附件，用清水或洗洁精清洗。清洁冰箱的“开关”、“照明灯”和“温控器”等设施时，请把抹布或海绵拧得干一些。内壁做完清洁后，可用软布蘸取甘油(医用开塞露)擦一遍冰箱内壁，下次擦的时候会更容易。用酒精浸过的布清洁擦拭密封条。如果手边没有酒精，用1：1醋水擦拭密封条，消毒效果很好。用吸尘器或软毛刷清理冰箱背面的通风栅，不要用湿布，以免生锈。清洁完毕，插上电源，检查温度控制器是否设定在正确位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkcywOKCA6GGSYlHDQyZs0d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":611,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"冰箱的保养","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d4f0dcf28a964c1389d1f95eed516954","width":1023},"text":"","id":"doxcn8EMI6kUAWCmOs9NcBMROMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEsCE86og8Q6sCCJeoMhcch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngKWEaOuAuEoegHeuX81NHc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaKkQyeeEgmgUas1FOsK5ae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnauosGy0C6WwWyeEONzFskb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaqQQyaU6OSkUgn1dLACqxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGWgkwWY8KCmMiqWfF0Wvih"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSkGymm8Ui4W4Iz2FF7knqd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E